-- is Mr．Black．--Nice to meet you．( )A．ThisB．ThatC．HeD．It 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

1．--_____ is Mr．Black．
--Nice to meet you．（　　）

A．

This

B．

That

C．

D．

分析 --这是布莱克先生．
--见到你很高兴．

解答答案：A 考查指示代词．介绍某人时用指示代词this（近处）和that（远处），排除C、D项，根据语境，此处应是"近处"，排除B项，只有A项正确．

点评指示代词是用来指示或标识人或事物的代词．指示代词与定冠词和人称代词一样，都具有指定的含义，用来起指示作用，或用来代替前面已提到过的名词．指示代词分单数和复数两种形式，既可作限定词又可做代词．要弄清楚它们之间的区别，才能正确选择答案．

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13．"Hypotheses，"said Medawarin 1964，"are imaginative and inspirational in character"； they are"adventures of the mind"．He was arguing in favour of the position taken by Karl Popper that the nature of scientific method is hypothetico-deductive and not，as is generally believed，inductive．
The myth（误区） of scientific method is that it is inductive：that the formulation of scientific theory starts with the basic，raw evidence of the senses-simple，fair，unprejudiced observation．Out of these sensory data-commonly referred to as"facts"-generalisations will form．The myth is that from a disorderly collection of factual information an orderly，relevant theory will somehow come out．However，the starting point of induction is an impossible one．
There is no such thing as an unprejudiced observation．Every act of observation we make is a function of what we have seen or otherwise experienced in the past．All scientific work of an experimental or exploratory nature starts with some expectation about the outcome．This expectation is a hypothesis．Hypotheses provide the motivation for the inquiry（探究），and influence the method．It is in the light of an expectation that some observations are held to be relevant and some irrelevant，that one method is chosen and others abandoned，that some experiments are conducted and others are not．
Hypotheses arise by guesswork，or by inspiration，but having been started they can and must be tested thoroughly，using the appropriate method．If the predictions you make as a result of deducing certain consequences from your hypothesis are not shown to be correct then you abandon or adjust your hypothesis．If the predictions turn out to be correct then your hypothesis has been supported and may be kept until such time as some further test shows it not to be correct．Once you have arrived at your hypothesis，which is a product of your imagination，you then move on to a strictly logical and thorough process，based upon deductive argument-therefore the term"hypothetico-deductive"．
So don't worry if you have some idea of what your results will tell you before you even begin to collect data； there are no scientists in existence who really wait until they have all the evidence in front of them before they try to work out what it might possibly mean．The closest we ever get to this situation is when something happens by accident； but even then the researcher has to make a hypothesis to be tested before being sure that，for example，a medicine might prove to be a successful solution to bacterial（细菌） infection．
The hypothetico-deductive method describes the logical approach to much research work，but it does not describe the psychological behaviour that brings it about．The psychological behaviour is a much more complicated process-involving guesses，reworkings，corrections，and above all inspiration，in the deductive as well as the hypothetic component．However，describing the logical approach is like writing the final thesis（毕业论文） or published papers of research work．These theses and papers have been，quite properly，organised into a more logical order so that the worth of the output may be evaluated independently of the behavioural processes by which it was obtained．It is the difference，for example between the academic papers with which Crick and Watson demonstrated the structure of the DNA molecule（分子） and the fascinating book The Double Helix in which Watson （1968）described how they did it．From this point of view，the scientific method may more usefully be thought of as a way of writing up research rather than as a way of carrying it out．
65．What is right about the deductive method and the inductive method according to the author？D
A．They cannot exist in a research at the same time．
B．The former one is of greater importance than the latter．
C．The latter one is more scientific than the former one．
D．The former is closer to the nature of scientific research．
66．Which of the following best supports the author's main opinion shown in paragraph 2？B
A．Usually facts are more convincing than predictions．
B．People always observe based on what they have seen or experienced．
C．It is impossible to generalize disorder facts into orderly theories．
D．People all begin scientific work with the observation of evidences．
67．Which of the following about a hypothesis is right？A
A．It functions as a guide in the process of a scientific research．
B．It works as a means that can help make unprejudiced observations．
C．It is an expectation unrelated to guesswork and inspiration．
D．It is a prediction which will be arrived at sooner or later．
68．According to the author，a good scientific research is a processC．
A．starting from details and ending in generalisations
B．where observations play more role than expectations do
C．where hypothesis are gradually tested before finally approved
D．which cannot be started before enough evidences are collected
69．What does the last sentence of the passage mean？B
A．The hypothetico-deductive method plays an important role in describing a research．
B．The scientific method is more a way of describing research than a way of doing it．
C．Describing the logical approach is harder than describing the psychological behaviour．
D．Writing up a scientific research paper is as difficult as carrying out the research．
70．Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage？D
A．Generalisations of Scientific Theory
B．Hypotheses of Scientific Research．
C．The Psychological Behaviour
D．The Scientific Method．

14．I don't think George _________ too far．His coffee is still warm．（　　）

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A．It's common． B．It's fun． C．It's boring．

18．听第10段材料，回答第17至20题．
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A．Interactive maps．
B．International database．
C．Virtual campus tours．
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A．Depend on a third-party website．
B．Contact a school directly．
C．Use the website only．
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A．Fifteen years． B．Twenty years． C．Ten years．

6．The literary themes of the newly released movie mirror _______ in the director's previous one．（　　）

13．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文．文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
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2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分．
I felt delighted to be informed the news that I would be our Student Union's next minister of health．Therefore，when I calmed down，I began to realize what challenging the job would be．I can still remember the first time I hold a meeting with all the members，that was a real challenge for me．With so many eyes fixing on me，I struggled to speak as my face and ears turned complete red．I had never felt so nervous ago．
Although I went through a series of difficulty，I gained a lot as well-a plenty of new friends，the ability to communicate and an improvement in my organizational skills．

9．If you ______ go，at least wait until the rain stops．（　　）

10．Meet Ben Saunders：adventurer，athlete，motivational speaker．Ben，at the age of 23，was the youngest man to ski solo （单人滑雪） to the North Pole．He dragged a 180-kilogramme sledge （雪橇） over 1，420 miles through the worst Arctic conditions．This year，as well as planning a return to the Arctic，Ben plans to ski solo from the Antarctic coast to the South Pole and back in the autumn，carrying all his supplies on his sledge．
Ben Saunders was fired after persuading the firm to support his disorganized first adventure．"Everything that could go wrong did go wrong．We were attacked by a bear．We started running out of food．It was just desperate．And we didn't get to the Pole； we didn't get there，so we had no media interest．No one heard about it：no book deal，and no speaking．I was so unhappy．"
People said it was impossible for me to get to the Pole．I said，"No，I can get there，"and I did．Self-belief，I see it as being a bit like a muscle-it's my belief that the more you stretch （伸展） yourself，the stronger it gets．If you never do anything that's uncomfortable or risky then your self-belief gets weaker．So that's one of the lessons I've figured out along the way．The thing that I've stretched and tested is my self-belief．
"My Antarctic adventure is just practicable and that's what is exciting to me．If I kne w it was possible，if I knew I could do it without too much bother，I wouldn't be interested．"Why？"Personally I'm attracted by the human performance element to it．Not that long ago，running a marathon was seen as the top point of human attempt，and now I wouldn't be that surprised if my mum said she was going to run one next year．"
People's horizons （见识） are changing．"I'm not particularly gifted，and I'm absolutely average．I've just chosen this one goal to achieve and I've been working hard to realize it．That's it．And that's the thing that attracts me：with enough training and enough determination，enough focus and preparation，how far can we go？And I don't think I've found out yet．"

24．What do we know about Ben Saunders'first adventure？B
A．It was supported by his company．
B．There was no press coverage．
C．It was well planned and organized．
D．He actually reached the North Pole．
25．According to Ben Saunders，if you want to stretch your self-belief，you shouldA．
A．try something adventurous B．often test your confidence
C．aim to reach the North Pole D．always stretch your muscles
26．Ben Saunders was excited about his Antarctic adventure becauseC．
A．he wanted to exercise his body
B．he liked running a marathon
C．he knew it might be achievable
D．he was sure he could do it easily
27．What can we learn from the last paragraph？C
A．We may never know our possibilities and energies．
B．We have to change our views about adventure．
C．We should have a reason for going on an adventure．
D．We have to be especially talented to have an adventure．