Should parents ever hit their children?

Research suggests many of us are likely to respond “no”, and public support for spanking(打屁股) has been falling over the years. But surverys also show that 75 percent to nearly 90 percent of parents admit to spanking their child at least once.

I was raised in a zero-tolerance home for disrespect, and my parents often turned to physical punishment. And, no, I don’t feel I was damaged by it.

Nothing is more annoying than watching ill-mannered behavior from children.

But there is data to suggest that a return to old-school spanking isn’t the answer.

Two years ago, Newsweek reported that it had found data suggesting that teens whose parents used physical punishment were more likely to become aggressive.

Murray Straus, professor at the University of New Hampshire in America, has studied the topic of children and spanking for decades. He said that children who were physically punished have lower IQs than their peers(同等的人). It may be that children with lower IQqs were more likely to get spanked, but the punishment may have been counterpoductive(反作用的) to their mental development, as well.

Some researchers make the argument that occasional open-handed smacks(用巴掌打) on the bottom are not only harmless but can have some benefit.

Last year, Marjorie Gunnoe, a psychologist at Calvin College, studied teens who have never spanked. There are a greater number of children growing up without ever having been physi punished. Gunnoe’s research suggests they don’t turn out any better than those who were sometimes spank.

There are some parents who simply cannot control their tempers(脾气). But I still believe that the best parents are the ones who are able to offer fair and firm discipline without ever turning to physical puishment.

According to the first three paragraphs, the author was probably hit by her parents when       .

A.they were dissatisfied with her grade    

B.she showed no respect for the elder

C.they cannot control their temper   

D.their discipline turns out to be not strict enough

According to Murray Straus, children who are physically punished      .

A.are less aggreesive toward others when they get older

B.have slower physical development

C.benefit from occasional spanking

D.may develop lower IQs than their peer

Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the article?

A.40 percent of children grow up without ever being spanked

B.Children who suffer less physical punishment are better students

C.Occasional open-handed spanking on the bottom are mentally harmful

D.Researchers disagree over whether smacking is mentally harmful to children

The author seems to agree that       .

A.parents should determine whether a child needs to be smacked or not

B.children who have been spanked tend to behave better than those who haven’t

C.good parents discipline their children in a fair and reasonable way

D.physical punishment should be the last resort of any parent

When movie star Scarlett Johansson was photographed naming in Los Angeles recently, she attracted a lot of attention; for the 27-year-old actress was wearing Vibram FiveFingers, so called because they look more like gloves than shoes, with a space for each toe.

         Strange though they may look, these so-called barefoot shoes, which reproduce the effect of barefoot running but with less pain, are just one brand in a range of minimalist footwear. These super-thin sports shoes are causing a stir in the world of running and fitness. Why? Because some experts believe they could make you a better, more efficient runner and that traditional trainers could be doing you more harm than good.

         "Wearing a shoe that has lots of cushioning and support affects the way your body naturally moves and studies suggest that this carries a higher risk of injury," explains Matt Wallden, an athlete performance expert. "But with barefoot shoes, the foot can actually feel the firmness and shape of the ground, which allows your body to respond effectively.'"

         But before you rush out to invest in minimalist footwear, be careful. These kinds of shoes are not meant for everyone, or at least not straight away.

         "Ordinary sports shoes with support are good for beginners whose bodies are not used to the impact of running," explains Patrick Davoren, former Olympic athlete. "It you are not in great condition, then running in minimalist footwear may cause injuries and will turn a lot of people off exercise and running.

         If you are currently injured, and figures show that in any given year 65% of all runners are, it can be tempting to try anything that promises to get you back on the road, trail, or beach. But barefoot running is not a method of treating injury nor is it a magical way of suddenly turning you into a great athlete.

         Even if you're used to running, when you start using minimalist shoes you should build up your distance gradually. Start_off'by doing just 10% of what you'd normally run and increase the distance by no more than 10% every week. And a word of warning - you may never have soft feet again

1.The Vibram FiveFingers are shoes ______.

   A. specifically designed for women

   B. that have lots of cushion inside

   C. safest for people who enjoy sports

   D. that are much thinner than normal sports shoes

2.The underlined word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to ________.

   A. experts B. feet C. shoes D. runners

3.According to Matt Wallden, the new shoes ________.

   A. make feet more sensitive to the running surface

   B. will produce immediate improvements

   C. force your body to move less naturally

   D. increase the chances of getting hurt

4.The author suggests that new users of Vibram FiveFingers should ________.

   A. run in the shoes every day at top speed

   B. begin with a shorter running distance than normal

   C. occasionally run barefooted to harden their feet

   D. make sure they are already very fit before using them

5.Where would you probably read this article?

   A. A travel book.            B. A movie website.

   C. A sports magazine.        D. A science journal.

 

The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful, says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (冲动) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.

A single angry word has lost many a friend. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad. Keep cool, says George Herbert, for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.

To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. Anger, says Pythagoras, brings with folly ( 愚蠢 ) and ends with regret. You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.

Self-control is man’s last greatest victory.

If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.

1.What does the reader learn from the first paragraph?

A.The greatest victory for a man is to conquer everything except himself.

B.One’s moral freedom is based on the control of himself.

C.To control oneself is the most difficult in one’s life.

D.If a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful.

2.What is the correct interpretation of “Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad ” in paragraph 2 ?

A.If the gods want to kill you, they make you crazy first.

B.If you always lose your temper, you will soon be finished.

C.If you cannot control yourself, you will become crazy.

D.If you are mad, you will be punished by the gods.

3. If a man lacks self-control, he lacks all of the following EXCEPT _______.

A.the very backbone and nerve of character

B.the patience and power to control himself

C.strong feelings

D.self-confidence

4.The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to _______.

A.explain that self-control is the key to success

B.teach people how to control everything in order to make a great success

C.distinguish all kinds of self-control and suggest ways for keeping it

D.advise people not to lose temper so as to make and keep more friends

5.The passage is mainly developed by _____.

A.analyzing causes

B.making comparisons

C.examining differences

D.listing quotations

 

This is a time of year when we think about giving and receiving presents. Can you find a little extra to give? On this page we suggest a few organizations you might like to help.

Littleton Children’s Home

We DON’T want your money, but children’s toys, books and clothes IN GOOD CONDITION would be very welcome.

Also, we are looking for friendly families who would take our children into their homes for a few hours or days as guests. You have so much ─will you share it?

Phone Sister Thomas on 55671

Children’s Hospice

We look after a small number of very sick children. This important work needs skill and love. We cannot continue without gifts or money to pay for more nursing staff. We also need storybooks and toys suitable for quiet games.

Please contact the Secretary, Little Children’s Hospice, Newby Road.

Street Food

In the winter weather, it’s no fun being homeless. It’s even worse if you’re hungry. We give hot food to at least fifty people every night. It’s hard work, but necessary. Can you come and help? If not, can you offer a little money? We use a very old kitchen, and we need some new saucepans(平底锅). Money for new ones would be most welcome indeed.

Contact Street Food, c/o Mary’s House, Elming Way. Littleton Phone 27713

Littleton Youth Club

Have you got an unwanted chair? ─a record-player?─a pot of paint ? Because we can use them!

We want to get to work on our meeting room!

Please phone 66231 and we’ll be happy to collect anything you can give us.

Thank you!

The Night Shelter

We offer a warm bed for the night to anyone who has nowhere to go. We rent the former Commercial Hotel on Green Street. Although it is not expensive, we never seem to have quite enough money. Can you let us have a few pounds? Any amount, however small, will be such a help.

Send it to us at 15, Green St, Littleton. Please make check payable to Night Shelter.

1. What kind of people are these organizations designed for?

A.Homeless and sick children

B.Less fortunate members of our society

C.Hungry people who have no beds to sleep in

D.Friendly members of our society to help others

2.If you like children and you could offer a happy family to a homeless child, you may contact _____.

A.Street Food

B.The Night Shelter

C.Littleton Children’s Home

D.Children’s Hospice

3. What can be concluded from the passage?

A.There are too many social problems in this society.

B.People are very poor during the time of giving.

C.To offer help is just an excuse for these organizations to collect money.

D.There are many organizations trying to solve social problems.

 

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