The Enigma(谜)of Beauty

The search for beauty spans centuries and continents.Paintings of Egyptians dating back over 4,000 years show both men and women painting their nails and wearing makeup.In 18th-century France,wealthy noblemen wore large wigs (假发) of long,white hair to make themselves attractive.Today,people continue to devote a lot of time and money to their appearance.

There is at least one good reason for the desire to be attractive: beauty is power.Studies suggest that good-looking people make more money,get called on more often in class,and are regarded as friendlier.

But what exactly is beauty? It’s difficult to describe it clearly,and yet we know it when we see it.And our awareness of it may start at a very early age.In one set of studies,six-month-old babies were shown a series of photographs.The faces on the pictures had been rated for attractiveness by a group of college students.In the studies,the babies spent more time looking at the attractive faces than the unattractive ones.

The idea that even babies can judge appearance makes perfect sense to many researchers.In studies by psychologists,men consistently showed a preference for women with larger eyes,fuller lips,and a smaller nose and chin while women prefer men with large shoulders and a narrow waist.According to scientists,the mind unconsciously tells men and women that these traits―the full lips,clear skin,strong shoulders―equal health and genetic well-being.

Not everyone thinks the same way,however.“Our hardwiredness can be changed by all sorts of expectations—mostly cultural,” says C.Loring Brace,an anthropologist at the University of Michigan.What is considered attractive in one culture might not be in another.Look at most Western fashion magazines: the women on the pages are thin.But is this “perfect” body type for women worldwide? Scientists’ answer is no; what is considered beautiful is subjective and varies around the world.They found native peoples in southeast Peru preferred shapes regarded overweight in Western cultures.

For better or worse,beauty plays a role in our lives.But it is extremely difficult to describe exactly what makes one person attractive to another.Although there do seem to be certain physical traits considered universally appealing,it is also true that beauty does not always keep to a single,uniform standard.Beauty really is,as the saying goes,in the eye of the beholder.

1.People’s ideas about beauty _______.

A.have existed since ancient times

B.can be easily described

C.have little influence on a person’s success

D.are based upon strict criteria

2.In Paragraph 3,the babies in the study _______.

A.were rated for their appearance

B.were entered in a beauty contest

C.were shown photos of a group of college students

D.were able to tell attractive faces from unattractive ones

3.The underlined word “traits” in Paragraph 4 probably means _______.

A.qualities B.measurements C.judgments D.standards

4.We can learn from the passage that _______.

A.the ideas of beauty vary as people grow up

B.the search for beauty is rooted in lack of confidence

C.the standards for beauty are based on scientific researches

D.the understanding of beauty depends on cultural backgrounds

B

The eyes are one of the most expressive of body language.Keith,seventeen,from Montclair, New Jersey,learned the hard way about one the eyes can make.“I had a teacher who heavily on classroom discussion,”Keith says.“He seemed to have a strong to know just when I didn’t have the answer.I couldn’t how he could be so .Then it dawned on(逐渐被人明白)me. I didn’t know the answer,I would looking at him.When I did know what to say,I always stared straight back him. From that moment on,I myself to look him in the eye, I knew the aniswe or not.That trick has me a lot of trouble.”

Many people, some policemen,believe eye contact is a good of testing honesty.If someone can’t look at you directly in the eye,then he or she is not playing ,they insist. After many experiments, ,a number of exports have found out that good liars can make false eye contact.

Eye contact,though not a sure of dishonesty, is a clear way to show interest in another person. When a person looks at you and continues to do so,you know his attention is on you.When he turns his head away, his mind is probably .But there is .A shy person may have trouble making and keeping eye contact, no matter how interested he is in the other person.And certain nationalities,such as the British and Germans,are much oriented(适应)to eyeball-to-eyeball contact than,say,the French and the Arabs.

1.A.1etter B. notice C.message D.news

2.A.1ooked B.graded C.1ived D.took

3.A.ability B.body C.mind D.way

4.A.figure out B.speak out C.turn out D.put out

5.A.slow B.sharp C. boring D.cautious

6.A. The first time B.Last time C.Each time D.At times

7.A.hate B.enjoy C.1ike D.avoid

8.A.on B. at C.in D.of

9.A.allowed B. forbade C.taught D.persuaded

10.A.when B. whether C.if D.unless

11.A.saved B.given C.increased D.offered

12.A.except B.adding C.beside D.including

13.A.1esson B.way C.chance D.approach

14.A.honestly B.effectively C.efficiently D.constantly

15.A.furthermore B.moreover C.however D.otherwise

16.A.expression B.means C.sign D.trick

17.A.discovered B.1ain C.put D.fixed

18.A.anywhere B.nowhere C.elsewhere D.everywhere

19.A.exception B.expectation C.question D.adaptation

20.A.worse B.1ess C.too D.enough

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way, we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “______ my job. Family to Feed.”

At this store, a _____ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a ______ on how bad it must be to have to stand ______ in the cold wind.

In the store, I asked each of my kids to ______ something they thought our “friend” there would ______. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a _____. I thought about it. We were ______ on cash ourselves, but…well, sometimes _____ from our need instead of our abundance(充裕) is ______ what we need to do! All the kids ______ something they could do away with for the week.

When we handed him the bag of ______, he lit up and thanked us with ______ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for ______his family might need, he burst into tears.

This has been a wonderful ______ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can ______! Things would have played out so ______ if I had simply said, “No, we really don’t have ______ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in ______, it also gave my kids the ______ taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them.

1.A. Lost B. Changed C. Quit D. Finished

2.A. condition B. place C. sight D. show

3.A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call

4.A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily

5.A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick

6.A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover

7.A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card

8.A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose

9.A. giving B. saving C. spending D. begging

10.A. yet B. even C. still D. just

11.A. declared B. shared C. ignored D. expected

12.A . toys B. medicine C. food D. clothes

13.A. sleepy B. watery C. curious D. sharp

14.A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever

15.A. experience B. example C. message D. adventure

16.A. rely on B. respect C. learn from D. help

17.A. suddenly B. vividly C. differently D. perfectly

18.A. time B. power C. patience D. money

19.A. fear B. love C. need D. memory

20.A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. simple

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