题目内容
When we donate（捐献）blood, a small amount is usually taken in advance for at least ABO and Rh systems typing. If you are O+, the O is your ABO type and the + is your Rh type. It is possible to be A, B, AB, or O as well as Rh + or Rh-.
The ABO system was discovered by Karl Landsteiner in the early 1900s. He was awarded the Nobel Prize for his achievements. There are four basic types of blood in the ABO system: A, B, AB and O. Everybody is born with one of these four types of blood. We get blood type, just like hair color and height from parents. Because of the substances （物质） contained in each type, the four groups must be transfused carefully. If two different blood types are mixed together, it may put a person into an extremely dangerous situation. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B． In an emergency, type O blood can be given because it is most likely to be accepted by all blood types，so it is often called the universal donor. However，there is still a risk. For the opposite reason，AB is sometimes called the universal receiver. However，because there can be so many reactions in transfusions，patients usually receive only salt until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible in the blood bank of the hospital.
There is a relationship between your blood type and your nationality. Among the Europeans, about 45 percent have type O while 42 percent have type A． The rarest is type AB． Other races have different percentage. For example, some American Indian groups have nearly 100 percent type out of 100 donors in the world…
| 84 donors are Rh+ | 16 donors are Rh- |
| 38 are O+ | 7 are O- |
| 34 are A+ | 6 are A- |
| 9 are B+ | 2 are B- |
| 3 are AB+ | 1 is AB- |
1．Which of the following shown the correct relationships in blood transfusions?
A． B． C． D．
2．The underlined word “transfuse” most probably means __________.
A．to put the blood into a container
B．to move the blood from one place to another
C．to put the blood of one person into the body of another
D．to give power to another person
3．The writer suggests that the third most common blood type among the Europeans is _________.
A．B B．A C．AB D．O
4．The text mainly tells us ___________.
A．about the basic types of human blood
B．what kind of blood is the most common
C．about Karl Landsteiner who won the Nobel Prize
D．the relationship between blood type and nationality
DCAA
I remember a day when I was a little kid. I was making a sandwich in the kitchen when I noticed the date on one of the wine bottles.
“ Dad, dad!” I cried. “This wine is too old to drink.”
“ Son, hold on,” he said.
“ No, you can’t drink this tonight! This bottle of wine was made 10 years ago.”
“ Wait, let me tell you…”
“ Would you like me to throw it away fro you?” I asked.
“ Son, wait a second,” he said. “Son, some wines get better over time. The longer you wait to drink it, the better it will be. Although this may seem strange, it is true.”
When I was young, I didn’t have any understanding of what this meant, but now, this would have been very helpful to remember as I went through my teenage years.
In our society, we forget this simple rule: The longer you want for certain things, the better they will be. But we want the best job as quickly as possible; we want to graduate from college in as few years as possible; we even speed through our homework just to chat with friends. When we do this, we lose something of great importance.
We all want to get to the next step so quickly that perhaps we don’t get ready enough to get there. This has a negative effect on our society. When trying to go to the right college, we will do anything to get in and when we rush through our class-work, we may not study enough for the test, and end up failing. We need to be ready for whatever comes, ready for the unexpected. Wine gets better over time, so do the things in our paths of life.
【小题1】Why did the author tell his father not to drink the bottle of wine?
| A．Because it smelt terrible. |
| B．Because it had been kept for years. |
| C．Because it was mixed with something else. |
| D．Because his father drank too much that night. |
| A．made the author puzzled when he was a little child. |
| B．was too simple a rule to be meaningful to the author. |
| C．threw the author into deep thought then. |
| D．was an excuse to drink the wine. |
| A．do it better |
| B．save much time |
| C．graduate from college more quickly |
| D．miss something useful to us in life |
| A．Well begun is half done. |
| B．More haste, less speed. |
| C．Failure is the mother of success. |
| D．Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. |
A friend of mine, in response to a conversation we were having about the injustices of life, asked me the question, “Who said life was going to be fair, or that it was even meant to be fair?” Her question was a good one. It reminded me of something I was taught as a youngster: life isn’t fair. It’s a disappointment, but it’s absolutely true. One of the mistakes many of us make is that we feel sorry for ourselves, or for others, thinking that life should be fair, or that someday it will be. It’s not and it won’t be.
One of the nice things about surrendering(屈从) to the fact that life isn’t fair is that it keeps us from feeling sorry for ourselves by encouraging us to do the very best we can with what we have. We know it’s not “life’s job” to make everything perfect: it’s our own challenge. Surrendering to this fact also keeps us from feeling sorry for others because we are reminded that everyone is dealt a different hand; everyone has unique strengths and problems in the process of growing up, facing the reality and making decisions; and everyone has those times that they feel unfairly treated.
The fact that life isn’t fair doesn’t mean we shouldn’t do everything in our power to improve our own lives or the world as a whole. To the contrary, it suggests that we should. When we don’t recognize or admit that life isn’t fair, we tend to feel pity for others and for ourselves. Pity, of course, is a self-defeating emotion that does nothing for anyone, except to make everyone feel worse than they already do. When we do recognize that life isn’t fair, however, we feel compassion(热情)for others and for ourselves. And compassion is a heartfelt emotion that delivers loving-kindness to everyone it touches. The next time you find yourself thinking about the injustices of the world, try reminding yourself of this very basic fact. You may be surprised that it can make you out of self-pity and into helpful action.
【小题1】The writer thought of his friend’s question as a good one because .
| A．he also wanted to know who held such an opinion. |
| B．it made him recall something during his childhood. |
| C．many people thought life was fair |
| D．like his friend, he also thought life was unfair. |
| A．it’s nice to complain about life |
| B．it’s nice to accept the injustice of life |
| C．we should not feel sorry for everything |
| D．everyone should be treated fairly |
| A．positive | B．negative | C．self-pity | D．indifferent |
| A．A Helpful Action: Try to Feel Compassion |
| B．A bad Question: Why Life Isn’t Fair |
| C．Surrender to the Fact That Life Isn’t Fair |
| D．Do Our Best to Improve Ourselves |
When students and parents are asked to rate subjects according to their importance, the arts are unavoidably at the bottom of the list. Music is nice, people seem to say, but not important. Too often it is viewed as mere entertainment, but certainly not an education priority(优先). This view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is beneficial and important for all students.
Music tells us who we are because music is an expression of the beings who create it, it reflects their thinking and values as well as the social environment it comes from. Rock music represents a lifestyle just as surely as does a Schubert song. The jazz influence that George Gershwin and other musicians introduced into their music is obviously American because it came from American musical traditions. Music expresses our character and values. It gives us identity as a society.
Music provides a kind of perception (感知) that cannot be acquired any other way. Science can explain how the sun rises and sets. The arts explore the emotive (情感的) meaning of the same phenomenon. We need every possible way to discover and respond to our world for one simple but powerful reason: No one way can get it all.
The arts are forms of thought as powerful in what they communicate as mathematical and scientific symbols. They are ways we human beings “talk” to each other .They are the language of civilization through which we express our fears, our curiosities, our hungers, our discoveries, our hopes. The arts are ways we give form to our ideas and imagination so that they can be shared with others. When we do not give children access to an important way of expressing themselves such as music, we take away from them the meanings that music expresses.
Science and technology do not tell us what it means to be human. The arts do. Music is an important way we express human suffering, celebrations, the meaning and value of peace and love.
So music education is far more necessary than people seem to realize.
1.According to paragraph 1, students .
|
A．regard music as a way of entertainment |
|
B．disagree with their parents on education |
|
C．view music as an overlooked subject |
|
D．prefer the arts to science |
2.In Paragraph 2, the author uses jazz an example to .
|
A．compare it with rock music |
|
B．show music identifies a society |
|
C．introduce American musical traditions |
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D．prove music influences people’s lifestyles |
3.According to the passage, the arts and science .
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A．approach the world from different angles |
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B．explore different phenomena of the world |
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C．express people’s feeling in different ways |
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D．explain what it means to be human differently |
4.What is the main idea of the passage?
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A．Music education deserves more attention. |
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B．Music should be of top education priority. |
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C．Music is an effective communication tool. |
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D．Music education makes students more imaginative. |