题目内容
Over the last 70 years, researchers have been studying happy and unhappy people and finally found out ten factors that make a difference. Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes. However, of all the factors, wealth and age are the top two.
Money can buy a degree of happiness. But once you can afford to feed, clothe and house yourself, each extra dollar makes less and less difference.
Researchers find that, on average, wealthier people are happier. But the link between money and happiness is complex. In the past half-century, average income has sharply increased in developed countries, yet happiness levels have remained almost the same. Once your basic needs are met, money only seems to increase happiness if you have more than your friends, neighbors and colleagues.
“Dollars buy status, and status makes people feel better,” conclude some experts, which helps explain why people who can seek status in other ways-scientists or actors, for example-may happily accept relatively poorly-paid jobs.
In a research, Professor Alex Michalos found that the people whose desire-not just for money, but for friends, family, job, health-rose furthest beyond what they already had, tended to be less happy than those who felt a smaller gap(差距). Indeed, the size of the gap predicted happiness about five times better than income alone. “The gap measures just blow away the only measures of income.” Says Michalos.
Another factor that has to do with happiness is age. Old age may not be so bad. “Given all the problems of aging, how could the elderly be more satisfied?” asks Professor Laura Carstensen.
In one survey, Carstensen interviewed 184 people between the ages of 18 and 94, and asked them to fill out an emotions questionnaire. She found that old people reported positive emotions just as often as young people, but negative emotions much less often.
Why are old people happier? Some scientists suggest older people may expect life to be harder and learn to live with it, or they’re more realistic about their goals, only setting ones that they know they can achieve. But Carstensen thinks that with time running out, older people have learned to focus on things that make them happy and let go of those that don’t.
“People realize not only what they have, but also that what they have cannot last forever,” she says. “A goodbye kiss to a husband or wife at the age of 85, for example, may bring far more complex emotional responses than a similar kiss to a boy or girl friend at the age of 20.”
【小题1】According to the passage, the feeling of happiness __________.
A.has little to do with wealth | B.increases gradually with age |
C.is determined partly by genes | D.is measured by desires |
A.make them feel much better | B.improve their social position |
C.provide chances to make friends | D.satisfy their professional interests |
A.optimistic | B.successful | C.practical | D.emotional |
A.the gap between reality and desire is bigger |
B.they have a stronger desire for friendship |
C.their income is below their expectation |
D.the hope for good health is greater |
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】A
解析试题分析:本文是一篇说明文,说明了研究人员一直研究幸福和不幸福的人,发现十个起作用因素,我们的幸福感主要由基因决定,但是起主要作用的是财富和年龄
【小题1】细节题,由第一段第三行Our feelings of well-being at any moment are determined to a certain degree by genes可以知道答案,故选C。
【小题2】推理题。由第四段第二行which helps explain why people who can seek status in other ways-scientists or actors可以推出答案,所以选B。
【小题3】细节题,由倒数第三段第三行She found that old people reported positive emotions just as often as young people,可以知道答案,所以选C
【小题4】推理题,由第五段倒数第二行the size of the gap predicted happiness about five times better than income alone.可以推出答案,所以选A
考点:本篇是一篇说明文
点评:做细节题的关键是找出原文的根据,认真核查题支和原文的异同,常犯错误有:绝对化语言,范围扩大或缩小,以偏概全,张冠李戴等。推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。
Somali pirates(海盗) robbed three Thai fishing ships with 77 sailors on board nearly l, 200 Miles off the Somali coast, the farthest-off-shore attack to date, an officer said Tuesday.
Pirates have gone farther south and east in answer to increased patrols(巡逻)by warships off the Somali shore. The robbing of the three ships Sunday was about 600 miles outside the normal operation area for the international force, said a spokesman.
The spokesman said the attack so far out at sea was a clear sign that the international patrols against pirates were having a “marked effect on pirate activity in the area”.
“Once they start attacking that far out, you’re not even really talking about the Somali basin or areas of water that have any connection with Somalia,” said an officer, Roger Middleton. “Once you’re that far out, it's just the Indian Ocean, and it means you’re looking at trade going from the Gulf to Asia, from Asia to South Africa. ”
“This is the farthest robbing to date. They are now operating near the Maldives and India,” said another officer.
The three ships--the MV Prantalay 11, 12, and l 4—had 77 members on board in total. All of them are Thai, the spokesman said. Before the Sunday robbing, pirates held l l ships and 228 sailors.
Pirates have increased attacks over the past year in hopes. of catching more dollar payments. Because of increased patrols and defenses on board ships, the success rate(率)has gone down, though the number of successful attacks has stayed the same year over year.
1.The pirate attack reported in the text happened __________.
A.far out in the Indian Ocean |
B.in the normal patrol area |
C.near the Somali, coast |
D.in the south of Africa |
2.According to the text, which can best describe the situation of the pirate problems?
A.More goods on board are lost. |
B.Pirate attacks happen in a larger area now. |
C.The number of attacks has stayed the same these years. |
D.Pirate attacks are as serious as before along the Somali coast. |
3.Which is true about the warship patrols according to the text?
A.The patrols are of little effect. |
B.The patrols are more difficult. |
C.More patrols are quite necessary even in Asia. |
D.The patrols only drive the pirates to other areas. |
4.How many sailors were held by the pirates up to the time of the report?
A.228. |
B.77. |
C.383. |
D.305. |