题目内容

Although Paris is often considered the city of romance, close to a million adults who call it home are single. Many single people say that France’s capital is one of the most difficult places to meet people. The complaints(抱怨) of this lonely group have inspired a new phenomenon known as “supermarket dating.” At Galerie Lafayette Gourmet, singles can shop for more than just the items on their grocery list. They can look for someone who has blue eyes, brown hair, and is 1.8 meters tall, or whatever may be on their romantic shopping list.

At this Paris location, single people of all ages can schedule their shopping for Thursday nights between 6:30 and 9:00 p.m. When they walk through the door, they pick up a purple basket to advise that they are looking for love. They try to arrive early because the baskets disappear quickly, and then they have to wait in line for their turn to wander the store aisles(过道) .

With purple baskets in hand, shoppers can consider their romantic options while they pick out their groceries. When they are ready to pay, they can go to the checkout line for singles who want to chat.

Most of the people who look for love in the supermarket are skeptical of Internet dating. They know that it is easy to embellish(美化) one’s appearance or to lie about one’s age over the Internet. The supermarket, on the other hand, is considered a safe and casual environment in which to meet a potential match. In addition, what one finds in another’s grocery basket can say a thing or two about that person’s character or intentions. Buying pet food can be a man’s way of showing a potential match that he has a sensitive side. Women who fill their baskets with low-fat food show their healthy style of living. These days it’s possible to find much more than food at a grocery store.

1.What do many single people in Pairs complain about?

A. The difficulty in meeting people.

B. The idea of supermarket dating.

C. The items on their grocery list.

D. The inconvenience in shopping.

2.Which of the following can be inferred but is not clearly stated in the second paragraph?

A. The dating supermarket is located in Paris.

B. The dating supermarket is open only on Thursday evenings.

C. People looking for love must get a basket of a particular colour

D. The dating supermarket has very good business.

3.According to the writer, a possible way to win a woman’s heart is to _______.

A. pick up a purple basket

B. Buy low-fat food

C. embellish your appearance

D. buy pet food

4.Why do the people prefer the supermarket dating to Internet dating?

A. The supermarket dating is more convenient.

B. The supermarket dating is more casual.

C. The supermarket dating can be trusted more.

D. The supermarket dating is less expensive.

 

1.A

2.D

3.D

4.C

【解析】

试题分析:巴黎的单身汉抱怨在巴黎遇到人是很困难的,由此导致约会超市的生意很好,人们可以在超市购买一些商品,同时物色自己心仪的对象,比起网上约会人们更喜欢超市约会,因为超市约会更值得信任。

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考点:考查社会现象类短文

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Can software bring dead tongues back to life? Probably yes.

A computer algorithm(计算程序)works almost as well as a trained linguist(语言学家) in reconstructing how dead "protolanguages" would have sounded, says a new study.

"Our computer system is doing a basic job right now," says Alex Bouchard-C?té, an assistant professor in the department of statistics at the University of British Columbia and lead author of the paper describing the algorithm. But the program does a good enough job that it may be able to give linguists a head start, the statistician added.

For centuries, scholars have reconstructed languages by hand: looking at the same word in two or more languages and making educated guesses about what that word's "ancestor" may have sounded like. For example, the Spanish word for man ("hombre") and the French word for man ("homme") developed from the Latin word "homo." The way linguists compare words from descendant(后代)languages to reconstruct the parent language is called, appropriately, the comparative method.

The early 19th-century linguist Franz Bopp was the first to compare Greek, Latin and Sanskrit using this method. Jacob Grimm, one of the Brothers Grimm of fairy tale fame, used the comparative method to show how Germanic languages developed from a common ancestor.

The difference between that and Bouchard-C?té's program, the statistician says, "is we do it on a larger scale." As a proof of concept, Bouchard-C?té fed words from 637 Austronesian languages (spoken in Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia and more) into the new algorithm, and the system came up with a list of what the ancestor words of all those languages would have sounded like. In more than 85 percent of cases, the automated reconstruction came within one character of the ancestor word commonly accepted as true by linguists.

The algorithm won't replace trained human linguists, but could speed up language analysis.

Using a computer to do large-scale reconstruction offers another advantage. Bouchard-C?té says, “With big data sets, you can really start finding regularities … You might find that certain sounds are more likely to change than others."

So Bouchard-C?té's team tested the "functional load hypothesis(假设)," which says that sounds that are more important for two clearly different words are less likely to change over time. A formal test of this hypothesis in 1967 looked at four languages; Bouchard-C?té's algorithm looked at 637.

"The revealed pattern would not be obvious if we had not been able to reconstruct large numbers of protolanguages," Bouchard-C?té and his coauthors write in the new study.

In addition to simply helping linguists understand how people spoke in the past, studying ancient languages can perhaps answer historical questions. For example, Bouchard-C?té says, "Say people are interested in finding out when Europe was settled. If you can figure out if the language of the settling population had a word for wheel, then you can get some idea of the order in which things occurred, because you would have some records that show you when the wheel was invented.”

1.The underline word “protolanguages” in the first paragraph probably refers to __________.

A. the languages that couldn’t be reconstructed by hand

B. parent languages that existed in the past

C. languages developed from a common ancestor

D. languages used to explain things that occurred in the past

2.We can learn from the fourth and fifth paragraphs that the reconstruction of “protolanguage” by scholars __________.

A. is commonly accepted as false

B. dates back to the 19th century

C. focuses on European languages

D. is conducted using the comparative method

3.According to Bouchard-C?té, reconstructing the dead "protolanguages" might _______.

A. arouse people’s interest in when Europe was settled

B. allow us to find answers to some historical questions

C. enable us to picture the way linguists communicated

D. help figure out how the wheel was invented

4.The author probably wants to prove the computer algorithm program led by Bouchard-C?té ___________.

A. will bring every dead language back to life

B. can take the place of linguists in language analysis

C. is of great help to promote language analysis with big data sets

D. can merely reconstruct Asian-Pacific “protolanguages”

 

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