Only two countries in the advanced world provide no guarantee for paid leave from work to care for a newborn child.Last spring one of the two,Australia,gave up the bad distinction by setting up paid family leave starting in 2011.I wasn’t surprised when this didn’t make the news here in the United States—we’re now the only wealthy country without such a policy.

The United States does have one explicit family policy,the Family and Medical Leave Act,passed in 1993.It entitles workers to as much as 12 weeks’ unpaid leave for care of a newborn or dealing with a family medical problem.Despite the modesty of the benefit,the Chamber of Commerce and other business groups fought it bitterly,describing it as “government-run personnel management” and a “dangerous precedent(先例).” In fact,every step of the way,as (usually) Democratic leaders have tried to introduce work-family balance measures into the law,business groups have been strongly opposed.

As Yale law professor Anne Alstott argues,justifying parental support depends on defining(定义)the family as a social good that,in some sense,society must pay for.Parents are burdened in many ways in their lives: there is “no exit” when it comes to children.Society expects—and needs—parents to provide their children with continuity of care.And society expects—and needs—parents to persist in their roles for 18 years,or longer if needed.

1.What do we learn about paid family leave according to Paragraph 1?

A.It came as a surprise when Australia adopted the policy.

B.Setting up this policy made Australia less influential.

C.It has now become a hot topic in the United States.

D.No such policy is applied in the United States.

2.What makes it hard to take work-family balance measures in the States?

A.The incompetence of the Democrats.

B.The opposition from business circles.

C.The lack of a precedent in American history.

D.The existing Family and Medical Leave Act.

3.What is Professor Anne Alstott’s argument for parental support?

A.Children need continuous care.

B.Good parenting benefits society.

C.The cost of raising children has been growing.

D.The U.S.should keep up with other developed countries.

4.Why is the author against classifying parenting as a personal choice?

A.Parenting is regarded as a moral duty.

B.Parenting relies largely on social support.

C.Parenting produces huge moral benefits.

D.Parenting is basically a social responsibility.

It is rather challenging to make a choice on universities for school under educates, as they have to take into account the factors like majors, tuition, location and the climate,etc.

61. Annie is a top student of senior 3. She loves art and is gifted in art. She wants to learn art in a forging country which has pleasant weather.

62. Betty has just entered a university, but she wants to quit school and go abroad to learn fashion design because she is crazy about fashion and wants to become a great designer. She has to choose a college with low fee because her family is not rich.

63. Eva is an English major student in a university. She loves fashion and wants to learn fashion design in a fashion center that is filled with fashion elements.

64. Alex is college student majoring in computer science. He found animation design would be profitable industry, so he decided to learn animation design in a country where the climate is mild, not cold in winter and not hot in summer.

65. Philip is an English major college student. British art fascinates him very much so he decided to feel the rich art atmosphere and learn art in Britain.

A.University of Auckland

Programmes

Theology, Science, Art, Business, Education, Music…

Fee

¥60,000-80,000 a year

Length of schooling

3 year

Admission criterion(标准)

1 year preparation for students of senior 3 or graduates with an average mark of 80; regular college course for students who finish the first year in universities.

Location(位置)and climate

Auckland, the biggest city in New Zealand; comfortable climate; warm summers and mild and wet winters

B. Istituto Maranon

Programmes

Fashion Business, Fashion Buying, Brand of Management and Fashion Promotion, Interior Design, Product Design and Graphic Design…

Fee

¥90,000-120,000 a year

Length of schooling

3 years

Admission criterion

No language proficiency test required; able to speak English or Italian; at least 12 years schooling

Location and climate

Milan, a global fashion centre in Italy; summers are extremely hot and humid; winters are chilly

C. Amusement Media College, Japan

Programmes

Animation(卡通), caricature, digital game design

Fee

¥90,000-120,000 a year

Length of schooling

2 years

Admission criterion

12 years schooling or above

Location and climate

Tokyo, Japan which is a country with the most advanced animation techniques, four distinct seasons; mild spring and fall, hot summer, and winter with a few snowfalls

D. The University of Nottingham

Programmes

Arts, Engineering, Medicine and Health Sciences, Science, Social Sciences, Law, Education

Fee

¥80,000-160,000a year

Length of schooling

3 years

Admission

Finish senior high school with good performance or undergraduates in college

Location and climate

Nottingham, located in Britain, wet springs, hot summers, warm autumns and icy winters

E. University of Lyon

Programmes

Art, Engineering, Medicine and Health Sciences, Science, Business, Spanish, Fashion design

Fee

¥10,000-30,000 a year

Length of schooling

3 years

Admission criterion

Finish senior high school and obtain a letter of admission of a university

Location and climate

Lyon in France; the climate is mild and sunny

F. Ecole Superieure d Art et de Design

Programmes

Art, Animation Design, Furniture Design, Decoration and Design

Fee

¥100,000-120,000 a year

Length of schooling

2 years

Admission criterion

Between 18 and 25, single; more than 1 year learning experience in art college

Location and climate

Reims in France; temperature ranging from 5°C in December to

26°C in August

My kids and I were heading into the supermarket over the weekend. On the way ,we spotted a man holding a piece of paper that said, “ _____ my job. Family to Feed.”

At this store, a _____ like this is not normal. My 10-year-old noticed him and make a ______ on how bad it must be to have to stand _______ in the cold wind.

In the store, I asked each of my kids to _____ something they thought our “friend” there would ______. They got apples, a sandwich and a bottle of juice. Then my 17-year-old suggested giving him a _______. I thought about it. We were _____ on cash ourselves, but… well, sometimes _____ from our need instead of our abundance is _____ what we need to do! All the kids ______ something they could do away with for the week.

When we handed him the bag of ____, he lit up and thanked us with _____ eyes. When I handed him the gift card, saying he could use it for ______his family might need, he burst into tears.

This has been a wonderful _____ for our family. For days the kids have been looking for others we can _____! Things would have played out so ______ if I had simply said, “No, we really don’t have _____ to give more.” Stepping out not only helped a brother in _____, it also gave my kids the ______ taste of helping others. It’ll go a long way with them.

1.A. Lost B. Changed C. Quit D. Finished

2.A. condition B. place C. sight D. show

3.A. suggestion B. comment C. decision D. call

4.A. outside B. proudly C. by D. angrily

5.A. draw B. say C. arrange D. pick

6.A. order B. supply C. appreciate D. discover

7.A. dollar B. job C. hot meal D. gift card

8.A. easy B. low C. soft D. loose

9.A. giving B. saving C. spending D. begging

10.A. yet B. even C. still D. just

11.A. declared B. shared C. ignored D. expected

12.A . toys B. medicine C. food D. clothes

13.A. sleepy B. watery C. curious D. sharp

14.A. whoever B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever

15.A. experience B. example C. message D. adventure

16.A. rely on B. respect C. learn from D. help

17.A. suddenly B. vividly C. differently D. perfectly

18.A. time B. power C. patience D. money

19.A. fear B. love C. need D. memory

20.A. strong B. sweet C. strange D. Simple

C

People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions---and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.

Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.

“We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, while Easterners favor the eyes and ignore the mouth.”

According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used reliably to convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.

The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the facial movements of 13 Western people and 13 Eastern people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, or angry. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.

It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that while Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”

In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.

1.The discovery shows that Westerners______.

A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth

B. consider facial expressions universally reliable

C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways

D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expression

2.What were the people asked to do in the study?

A. To make a face at each other

B. To get their faces impressive

C. To classify some face pictures

D. To observe the researchers’ faces

3.What does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 6 refer to?

A. The participants in the study

B. The researchers of the study

C. The errors made in the study

D. The data collected from the study

4.In comparison with the Westerners, Easterners are likely to_____.

A. do translation more successfully

B. study the mouth frequently

C. examine the eyes more attentively

D. read facial expressions more correctly

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