Cars are an important part of life in the United States. Without a car most people feel that they are poor. And even if a person is poor , he doesn’t feel really poor when he has a car.
Henry Ford was the man who first started making cars in large numbers. He probably didn’t know how much the car was going to change American culture. The car made the United States a nation on wheels. And it helped make the United States what it is today.
There are three main reasons why the car became so popular in the United States. First of all, the country is a big one and Americans like to move around it. The car makes the travel the most comfortable and cheapest. With a car people can go to any place without spending a lot of money.
The second reason cars are popular is the fact that the United States never really developed a practical and cheap public travel system. Long distance trains have never been as common in the United States as they are in other parts of the world. Now there is a good system of air-service provided by planes. But it is too expensive to be used often.
The third reason is the most important one, though. The American spirit of independence is what really made cars popular. Americans don’t like waiting for a bus, or a train or even a plane. They don’t like to have to follow an exact timetable. A car gives them the freedom to plan their own time. And this is the freedom that Americans want most to have.
Less oil has caused a big problem for Americans. But the answer will not be a bigger system of public transportation. The real answer will have to be a new kind of car, one that does not use so much oil.
【小题1】We can learn from this passage that Americans ______.

A.spend a lot of money traveling by carB.travel a lot in their cars
C.seldom travel by planeD.use public traffic often
【小题2】Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.In the United States even the poor own cars.
B.In the United States all the poor have no cars.
C.When an American has a car, he will never be poor.
D.An American will feel poor unless he has a car.
【小题3】In the writer’s opinion, cars are popular in the United States mainly because ___.
A.Americans like to plan their own time
B.The United States does not have enough public transportation
C.Americans will not feel poor when they travel in their cars
D.Americans cannot move around without their own cars
【小题4】“A nation on wheels” in the second paragraph means that _______.
A.everyone in the United States owns a car
B.the United States produces most of the cars in the world
C.cars play an important part in American’ life
D.the United States depend on car industry for its development

Let children learn to judge their work.    71   If corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s.    72   They learn to do without being taught to walk, run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle, compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes.
But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes and correct them for himself.    73   we act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.
If it is a matter of right answer, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book.    74   Why should we teachers waste time on such routine work?   75   Let the children learn what all educated people must some day learn, how to measure their own understanding, and how to know what they know or do not know.

A.Children learn to do all the other things in the same way.
B.Let him correct his own papers.
C.Point out his mistakes.
D.We do it all for him.
E. We allow him to learn from other children.
F. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time.
G. Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer.


阅读下列应用文及相关信息,并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑 (若选择E,请涂AB; 若选择F,请涂CD。)。
首先,请阅读下列的应用文:
A. Chapter One. …you probably have an image in your mind of what the “perfect’ or “ideal” body looks like. Try not to press yourself to look that way. Each person is born with genes that control the shape of his / her body. Everyone is different. It’s important to be comfortable with the body you have.
B. Chapter Two.…You use energy for everything you do. That energy comes from the food you eat. Too much food or too little exercise causes your body to store the extra energy in fat cells. But, if you exercise regularly and eat a healthy diet, you’ll feel healthier and stronger not to mention look great.
C. Chapter Three. … Your body runs best on foods high in carbohydrates and low in fat and sugar. Eating a healthy diet will provide your body with everything it needs to run smoothly. Your body breaks down proteins into amino acids(氨基酸), so you don’t need to take in the amino acids separately.
D. Chapter Four. …Exercise does more than just burn calories. For instance, regular exercise makes your muscles strong and flexible, and increases the amount of muscle you have. It also makes your heart stronger and lowers your blood pressure; …
E. Chapter Five. …Always warm up and stretch for 5-10 minutes before you do strength or endurance exercises. Afterwards, take 10 minutes to cool down. Your heart should beat normally when you stop. Exercising with a group may help you to exercise regularly.
F. Chapter Six. …Supplementation of a mixture of essential amino acids will increase protein synthesis (蛋白质综合体). While supplementing with either carbohydrate or amino acids may limit muscle damage and stimulate protein synthesis, there is increasing evidence that the combination can have an addictive effect.
以下是与上述章节相关的读者,请匹配读者和他/她需要了解的相关信息的所在章节。
【小题1】Charity. He always breathes heavily and his heart beats irregularly when he finishes his exercise. He wonders whether there is something wrong with his body or whether he is not suited for physical exercises.
【小题2】 Wander. She likes eating meat a lot every day as she thinks that meat can provide people with energy. Besides, she does sports on weekends. However, she is not energetic enough to face the pressure.
【小题3】Helly. She has tried many ways of keeping fit, but she still gets fat because of stress from work. She doesn’t look well.
【小题4】Tammy. He is a Grade One college student majoring in gymnastics. He must write a passage about what a healthy body is.
【小题5】Pandy. He is a coach, working in a gym. He will start a new course next month on how to lose weight. For the first few lessons, he is going to talk about why people have to exercise.

There is a common belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever considered spelling unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, quite different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority (优先) it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is how to encourage a child to express himself freely in writing without holding him back with spelling.

     If spelling becomes the only point of his teacher's interest, clearly a bright child will be likely to "play safe". He will write only words within his spelling range. That's why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.

     I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: "This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling mistakes." It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupils' technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad thing for the teacher who had omitted (略过)to read the composition, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the mistakes, but if his priority had centered on the child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more hope to seek improvement.

1.Teachers differ in their opinions about   _______ .

A. the difficulties in teaching spelling

B. the necessity of teaching spelling

C. the importance of the basic writing skills

D. the role of spelling in general language development

2.The expression "play safe" probably means ______.

A. to write carefully

B. to avoid using words one is not sure of

C. to use dictionaries frequently

D. to do as teachers say

3.Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that______.

A. students will be able to express their ideas more freely.

B. teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes.

C. students will have more trust in writing.

D. students will learn to spell words correctly.

4.The main idea of the passage is _______.

A. the importance of developing writing skills

B. the importance of spelling

C. the correct way of marking composition

D. the relationship between spelling and the content of a composition

 

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