题目内容

Given Australia’s size and the fact that early settlements were far apart, Australian society is remarkably homogeneous (同种的). Its citizens are fundamentally prosperous and the way of life in the major cities and towns is much the same however many miles divide them. It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents. However, there is some difference in lifestyle between city dwellers and the country people. Almost 90 per cent of the population lives in the fast-paced cities along the coast and has little more than a passing familiarity with the desert. The major cities preserve pockets of colonial heritage, but the overall impression is modern, with new buildings reflecting the country’s youth. In contrast, the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative. For many years, Australia was said to have “ridden on the sheep’s back”, a reference to wool being the country’s main money earner. However, the wool industry is no longer dominant. Much of Australia’s relatively sound economy is now achieved from natural coal and wheat, and by being the largest diamond producer in the world. Newer industries such as tourism and wine making are also increasingly important. Australians are generally friendly and relaxed, with a self-deprecating sense of humor. On the whole, Australia is a society without hierarchies (等级制度), an attitude generally held to stem from its prisoner beginnings.
Yet, contrary to widespread belief, very few Australians have true prisoner origins. Within only one generation of the arrival of the First Fleet in 1788, Australia had become a nation of immigrants. Originally coming almost entirely from the British Isles, today one in three Australians comes from elsewhere. Australia’s liberal postwar immigration policies led to an influx of survivors from war-torn Europe, most notably Greeks, Italians, Poles and Germans.
The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia. Today Australia is a ‘blend of nations’ and although some racism exists, it has generally been a successful experiment and the country is justifiably proud to have one of the most harmonious multicultural communities in the world.
【小题1】What does the writer mean by saying “It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents.” in the first paragraph?

A.Australians speak Standard English with no local accents whatsoever.
B.You have to practice a lot to learn to understand the different accents.
C.The Australian regional accents are very difficult to understand indeed.
D.There is not much difference between the accents in different areas of Australia.
【小题2】Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Most Australians have ancestors who were prisoners.
B.The Australian economy is dependent on sheep exports.
C.The majority of people living in Australia come from Europe.
D.The pace of life is different in the city and in the country.
【小题3】The underlined pronoun ‘it’ in the final paragraph refers to “_______”.
A.CommunityB.racismC.blend of NationsD.Southeast Asia
【小题4】We can infer from the passage that _____.
A.there are no signs of Australia’s colonial past in its modern cities
B.Australia’s recent immigration policy encourages immigrants from Southeast Asia
C.immigrants from Southeast Asia have brought racial problems
D.“riding on sheep’s back” resulted in slow development in rural communities


【小题1】D
【小题2】D
【小题3】C
【小题4】B

解析试题分析:本文介绍了澳大利亚的信息,澳大利亚人的生活节奏,城乡的差别,以及澳大利亚的移民政策等等。
【小题1】D 推理题。根据the way of life in the major cities and towns is much the same however many miles divide them. It takes a sharp ear to identify regional accents.说明虽然澳大利亚的地方较大,但是很多发音都是一样的。要想听出口音的区别要很敏感的耳朵的,故D正确。
【小题2】D 细节题。根据文章7,8,9三行The major cities preserve pockets of colonial heritage, but the overall impression is modern, with new buildings reflecting the country’s youth. In contrast, the rural communities tend to be slow-moving and conservative.说明澳大利亚的城市和乡村的生活差别很大,故D正确。
【小题3】C 推理题。根据Today Australia is a ‘blend of nations’ and although some racism exists, it has generally been a successful experiment and the country is justifiably proud to have one of the most harmonious multicultural communities in the world.说明这里的it就是指前句的blend of nations。故C正确。
【小题4】B 推理题。根据文章倒数4,5行The emphasis has shifted in recent years and today the majority of new immigrants are from Southeast Asia.说明现在很多的移民都来自东南亚,那么澳大利亚政府鼓励来自东南亚的移民。故B正确。
考点:考查文化类短文阅读
点评:本文介绍了澳大利亚的有关信息,考查推理题很多,测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。

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相关题目

A long time ago, there was a seed and because he was only a seed, nobody noticed him.Thus, feeling inferior (低等的), the seed gave no importance to his existence (存在).

       Then one day, a wind picked him up and threw him on an open field under the sun.Later, he was given rain.

       Years later he saw a traveler sitting by his side.“Thank God for this.I really need some rest,” he heard the traveler say.

       “What are you talking about?” the seed quickly asked.He thought the man was making fun of him.No one ever spoke to him like that.

       “Who just spoke?” the shocked man asked.

       “It is me.A seed.”

       `“A seed?” The man looked at the big tree.“Are you joking? You are not a seed.You are a big tree!”

       “Really?”

       “Yes! Why else do you think people come here?”

       “What do they come here for?”

       “To feel your shade (树荫)! Don’t tell me you didn’t know you had grown over time.”

       A moment passed before the traveler’s words brought him pride.

       The seed thought and smiled for the first time in his life.The years of torture (折磨) by the sun and the rain finally helped him grow up.

       “Oh! That means I’m not a little seed anymore! I was actually born to make people feel comfortable.Wow! That’s great!”

The seed didn’t realize the importance of his existence because ______.

       A.nobody looked after him B.he was thrown into the open air

       C.he was such a small seed  D.he didn’t believe in himself

The traveler sat by the seed’s side to ______.

       A.escape from the rain

       B.thank God for offering him a tree

       C.have a rest and enjoy the shade

       D.talk with the big tree

The author’s purpose of writing the passage is to ______.

       A.tell us that we should help each other

       B.praise the seed for his strength

       C.teach us not to laugh at others

       D.tell us never to lose hope

Where does the passage most probably come from?

       A.A history book.            B.A science book.

       C.A storybook.             D.A novel.

11.Every boy and every girl ___ a new book.

   A. are given         B. is given         C. has given          D. have given

12.Each of us ___ a dictionary of this kind.  

We each ___ a dictionary of this kind.

   A. has; have         B. have ; have        C. has; has          D. have ; has

13. “All ___ present and all ___ going on well,” our monitor said.

   A. is; are           B. are ; are           C. are; is            D. is; is

14. The young ___ happy to give their seats to the old.    

A. is              B. are                C. has             D. have

15. Over sixty percent of the city ____ destroyed in the war. 

Thirty-five percent of the doctors ____ women.   

A. was; was         B. was; were          C. were; were       D. were; was

16.The shoes ___ mine.     This pair of shoes ___ my brother’s.

   A. are; is             B. is; is             C. are; are             D. is; are

17.Large quantities of cotton ___ shipped all over the world already.

  A large quantity of bamboo ___ used for pipes to carry water.

   A. has been; are        B. has been; is       C. have been; is      D. have been; are

18.Setting fire to the public buildings ___ highly dangerous and forbidden by law.

   A. are                B. is             C. has                D. were

19. The only means to achieve success ___ to appeal to arms.   

A. is              B. are              C. were                D. have

20. Whisky and soda ___ always his favourite drink.

A. are             B. is               C. be                  D. were

  If we bought only things we needed, there would be enough for everybody. What do we need? What you need depends on how old you are and your way of life. Rearrange the list of things you can buy and put the things you think we most need at the top of the list.

   Coat             Designer jeans          Water       CD player

  Dental check up   Restaurant meal     Telephone   Jewelry

  Food          Shampoo             MP3 player  Beer

  Toothpaste        Bar of chocolate        Cushion covers

     If we don’t need to buy so much, we don’t need to work so much. We can take part-time jobs or reduce our working day from eight hours to six hours. Some people are leaving very well paid jobs to live a healthier life in the countryside or a more exciting life abroad. Parents can spend more time with their children and the unemployed are given more opportunities to work.

   If we start to respect saving the earth more than spending money, we will become ‘conservers’ (保护者). When we are conservers, we try to choose environmentally friendly products that last a long time. We may find growing our own vegetables or making our own clothes more rewarding than buying them.

   Next time you go shopping, think about what you really need to buy. Don’t deprive (剥夺) yourself of things you like, but decide what you should buy before you go out, so that you won’t be influenced by advertisements or promotions. If it is more expensive to buy goods that don’t have much packaging and things that are more durable (耐用的), buy less. If you can choose to work less, decide which things you would like to make, do or grow yourself. Even though you have less money, your life will become richer.

                                                 by Julie Bray

From the passage, we can see the author suggests us consumers ______.

  A. find out more about a product instead of buying blindly

  B. consider what we really need before going shopping

  C. avoid regret at not buying enough

  D. find a real bargain

. The writer will agree with you if you buy products that are ______.

  A. beautifully packaged       B. extremely cheap

  C. usable for a long time         D. fashionable now

According to the passage, if we don’t need to buy so much, the benefits  

  will include ______.

  a. we will have more time enjoying life

  b. the employment rate will increase

  c. we will get better paid jobs

  d. we as consumers will have more choices of what to buy

  A. abc    B. abd       C. ab      D. ad

This passage is mainly written to _____.

  A. persuade people to buy less and buy environmentally friendly products

  B. put forward some questions so that you can become a smart buyer

  C. introduce some good ways to make a wiser choice when shopping

  D. criticize the consumer society in which people buy too much

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