题目内容

More people are dying from hepatitis(肝炎) than AIDS and tuberculosis, warns World Health Organization. The World Health Organization(WHO) has urged for action to wipe out hepatitis as ongoing illness worsens.

In its first global report on the infection, it said the number of people dying from treatable forms of the disease, often caused by alcohol and drug abuse, is rising. Viral hepatitis is believed to have killed 1.34 million people in 2015, and amount similar to that of tuberculosis.

But while those are both falling, hepatitis deaths are on the rise—increasing by 22 per cent since the turn of the century.

However, most of the 325 million people infected are completely unaware they have the virus and some lack life-saving medicines. As a result, millions of people are at risk of a slow progression to chronic liver disease, cancer and even death, the WHO warned, Margaret Chan, director general of the WHO, said: “Viral hepatitis is now a major public health challenge that requires an urgent response.”

The two most common forms, which are responsible for 96 per cent of deaths from the disease, are hepatitis B(HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV)

HBV can be passed on through unprotected sex and bodily fluids(液体). It requires life-long treatment with a drug commonly used to battle HIV. New infections of this type of the disease are falling, thanks to a vaccine given to 84 per cent of newborns across the world. However, just nine per cent of sufferers know they are infected, meaning many go under the radar and miss out on treatment.

HCV, usually spread through blood-to-blood contact with an infected person, can be cured relatively swiftly, but many patients across the world are unable to afford the medication. Around 1.75 million people were newly infected with HCV in 2015, bringing the global total to 71 million, figures suggests. But four fifths of those infected with this type of the disease are unaware they are suffering, the WHO warned.

Experts looking at the cases have identified unsafe healthcare procedure and injection drug use as the top causes. Gottfried Hirnschall, director of WHO’s Department of HIV and the Global Hepatitis Programme, said the WHO was working with governments, drugmakers and diagnostics companies to improve access.

He added: More countries are making hepatitis services available for people in need—a diagnostic test cost less than $1 (78p) and the cure for hepatitis C can be below $ 200 (£156). But the data clearly highlight the urgency with which we must address the remaining gaps in testing and treatment.

Charles Gore, president of the World Hepatitis Alliance, said: “For the first time in the history of viral hepatitis, we have an understanding of the true impact of the disease.”

1.Who are likely to die from the treatable hepatitis?

A. Those taking medicines. B. Those suffering from cancer.

C. Those caring their illnesses. D. Those being heavy drinkers.

2.What can we learn about hepatitis B?

A. Patients need to take drugs for the rest of their lives.

B. People will not get the new infections due to a vaccine.

C. Patients can be cured effectively at a costly price.

D. People will get infected through blood accidentally.

3.According to the statistics in 2015, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Hepatitis C is responsible for 96 per cent of deaths.

B. Around 1.75 million people were newly infected with hepatitis.

C. Most of those infected with HCV are aware they are suffering.

D. Tuberculosis is believed to have killed more than 1 million people.

4.The main purpose of writing the passage is _____.

A. to call on the public to fight with hepatitis

B. to request the public to care about the hepatitis patients

C. to warn the public to learn of the danger of the disease

D. to persuade the public to take regular examinations yearly

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The weather is getting hotter and you’ll be getting thirstier playing basketball or riding home from school. A cold drink may be just the thing. But be careful what you pour down your throat. Something that looks cool may not be good for your health.

There are plenty of so-called energy drinks on the market. Most of them have an attractive colour and cool name. Their nutrition list also contains various things from vitamins to ginseng. Sounds great!

But after a careful check you may find that most energy drinks contain high levels of caffeine. These drinks are typically aimed at young people, students, busy people and sports players.

Makers sometimes say their drinks make you better at sports and can keep you awake. But be careful not to drink too much.

Caffeine raises your heartbeat. Because of this, the International Olympic Committee has limited their use. The amount of caffeine in most energy drinks is at least as high as in a strong cup of coffee or strong tea.

Research by Australian scientists has found that many teenagers are affected by caffeine. The results of their survey show that 27 percent of boys aged 8-12 take in more caffeine than their parents.

There are potential health risks linked to energy drinks. Just one can of energy drink can make you nervous, have difficulty sleeping and can even cause heart attacks.

Teenagers should be discouraged from consuming drinks with a lot of caffeine in them, an expert from the Australia Nutrition Foundation said.

1.Generally, people would like to ________.

A. take vitamins B. eat ginseng C. have a cold drink D. have a meal

2.The International Olympic Committee limit the use of caffeine because ________.

A. it makes you better at sports B. it can keep you awake

C. it can make you nervous D. it make your heart beat fast

3.The writer mentions the fact that “27 percent of boys aged 8-12 take in more caffeine than their parents” to show that ________.

A. caffeine has an effect on many teenagers

B. parents should take in more caffeine

C. the caffeine problem is not serious

D. the grownups take less caffeine than children

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