题目内容


B
It is surprising that eating three meals a day ─ breakfast, lunch, and dinner ─ has been a custom only since 1890. Before this time, they only had two meals a day ─ breakfast and dinner.
In the 16th century, breakfast was only to break one's fast (随便吃一点). But 200 years later it had become a large meal , not just for family, but for numbers of guests as well. It was a social event, It began at 10 a.m. and lasted until l p.m.. Then breakfast began to be less popular. It became , instead, a lighter meal and was taken at a much earlier hour. By 1850 it had been pushed hack to 8 a.m.. and became a family meal.
Dinner, however, went the other way. In the 16th century it was eaten at 11 a.m.. Years later, it had moved to the early afternoon, then to 5 p. m.. By 1850 dinner time had reached 7 p.m. Lunch is a recent idea. It first appeared as a snack to fill the gap between breakfast and dinner.
59. English people did not have lunch _________.
A. before 1890    B. after 1890        C. after 16th century   D. by 1850
60. "Dinner, however, went the other way" means _________.
A. Dinner didn't go there with breakfast    B. Dinner took the same way with breakfast
C. Dinner is different from breakfast        D. Dinner is the same with breakfast
61. Lunch has been served since the end of the ________ century.
A. seventeenth    B. eighteenth        C. sixteenth           D. nineteenth
62. The selection is mostly concerned with _________.
A. what people eat for breakfast         B. what people eat for dinner
C. the history of supper                D. the history of breakfast
63. The selection leads the reader to believe that __________.
A. our custom of meals is based on English custom
B. before 1890 people also ate three meals a day
C. breakfast is the most important meal for us
D. the body can adjust to two or three meals a day      

小题1:A
小题2:C
小题3:D
小题4:D
小题5:D
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Five thousand years ago, people thought that illnesses were the result of evil living in human bodies. They also believed that gods and superior spirits were punishing people through diseases. The practice of magic and witchcraft (巫术) was popular among many tribes, and charms (符咒) and images of gods to drive away the evil spirits were often used.
People also started using herbal(草药的) medicine and by trial and error (反复试验,不断摸索) learned how to cure stomachaches and fevers. They had a witch doctor in the community. He would treat people with simple herbal medicine and magic. Early medicine was practiced the way north tribal Indians did hundreds of years ago and the way some tribes practice it today.
The ancient Chinese believed that the body was ruled by two forces, which they called “yin” and “yang”. The body would become ill if one force overcame the other and the balance between them was changed. Acupuncture (针刺疗法) was the way to bring back the balance between the two.
Also sand painting was an important part of Navaho medicine. The medicine man paints loosely upon the floor of an earth-covered house, where the ceremony takes place, or on a buckskin (鹿皮) or a piece of cloth, by letting the colored sands flow through his fingers with control and skill.
Ancient Mesopotamians believed that diseases come either from an evil spirit or a physical problem, such as worms. The doctor would decide from which source the illness has come from and send the patient either to a herbalist or to a witch doctor.
Egyptians had a very advanced medicine. They would sometimes rely on the god’s power to receive healing, but they also treated illnesses and operated on minor health problems like snake bites. They sucked the blood from the wound and bound the affected limb to stop the poison from spreading.
66. The practice of magic and witchcraft was popular in ancient times because ________ .
A. people could avoid being punished by gods and superior spirits by doing this.
B. people thought they could avoid getting diseases in this way.
C. people believed the evil spirits could be driven away in this way.
D. people often got diseases and this way was very effective.
67. How many places are mentioned where early medicine existed in the passage?
A. Three.     B. Four.      C. Five.      D. Six.
68. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that ________.
A. people can cure lots of diseases by combining herbal medicine and magic.
B. herbal medicine is so effective that it can cure all kinds of diseases.
C. witch doctors treated people only with herbal medicine.
D. people tried lots of times to cure illnesses with herbal medicine.
69. Ancient Chinese people believed that ________.
A. diseases were the result of evil living in human bodies.
B. people would fall ill if the balance in human bodies was disturbed.
C. a medicine man could cure people’s diseases by sand painting.
D. diseases not only came from evil spirits but also were physical problems
70. The passage mainly tells us ________.
A. why ancient people became ill.
B. about the most advanced medicine in ancient times.
C. about the development of herbal medicine.
D. how ancient people cured their diseases.
完形填空 (共20小题;每小题1分,满分20分)
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Your parents have just told you the news­­—you’re moving to a new house. How in the world will you tell your friends?
First, CALM DOWN.  36   a while to ­­­catch your breath and let the news sink in before you call your friends. Make   37   you have the whole story before you start telling people.
38  friends who need to hear the news from you. Think about  39  you’d like to tell them, and when. A face-to-face talk may be the best way to let  40  frie-
nds know, but the phone may be fine for others.   41  after school or on a weekend is good. You don’t want to drop big news like this on your friends during the school day.
HOW SHOULD YOU START? Say something like, “I have some big news I want to share   42   you.” That will prepare your friend for what is going to come. Then say, “I’m    43  .” Tell him as many details as you know,  44   let him know how you feel about it.
Each friend will have a different   45  to the news, so BE PREPARED. Some girls may   46  crying. But some may get   47  , some may get silly, and some may give you the   48   that they don’t care.   49  happens, be sure to talk to your friends if the things they do and say   50  your feelings.
Ask friends not to tell anyone else   51  you say it’s OK. You could say, “Please don’t tell   52  until Monday.” That will give you a   53  to let close friends hear the news from you first.
Ask your parents for help if you need it. A(n)   54  may be able to help you
55   the right things to say and help you understand your friend’s reactions.
36.
A.
spend
B.
take
C.
pay
D.
cost
37.
A.
sure
B.
believe
C.
certain
D.
clear
38.
A.
Take care of
B.
Take notice of
C.
Make a list of
D.
Make use of
39.
A.
how
B.
why
C.
where
D.
who
40.
A.
kind
B.
close
C.
happy
D.
clever
41.
A.
Speaking
B.
Telling
C.
Showing
D.
Talking
42.
A.
for
B.
in
C.
out
D.
with
43.
A.
starting
B.
lifting
C.
moving
D.
running
44.
A.
and
B.
but
C.
while
D.
unless
45.
A.
answer
B.
reaction
C.
appearance
D.
look
46.
A.
break down
B.
give up
C.
burst out
D.
end up with
47.
A.
noisy
B.
calm
C.
peaceful
D.
quiet
48.
A.
feelings
B.
emotions
C.
mind
D.
impression
49.
A.
whichever
B.
whatever
C.
whenever
D.
wherever
50.
A.
control
B.
warm
C.
hurt
D.
change
51.
A.
until
B.
since
C.
after
D.
when
52.
A.
no one
B.
someone
C.
anyone
D.
everyone
53.
A.
risk
B.
moment
C.
time
D.
chance
54.
A.
parent
B.
adult
C.
elderly
D.
teenager
55.
A.
figure out
B.
give out
C.
sort out
D.
deal with

(C)
You would like to take good photographs of real-life situations but you have few ideas for pictures. I suggest that you look around you. The everyday world is full of scenes being played by an ever-changing group of actors. You probably passed a dozen picture situations without noticing on your way to work this morning.
The realistic approach to photograph has been perfected in the past by such masters as Henri Cartier-Bresson and Bill Brandt. But while you can learn a great deal from looking at the work of others, any success you can hope to achieve in this field has to come from developing an individual approach.
The main requirement for any photographer has little to do with technical matters. You must develop an awareness of the world around you and the people who live in it, and you should learn to notice when a situation may develop to a point where you will be able to take a gook picture. Those who have reached this happy state will be prepared when that moment comes, and will simply raise their camera quickly and shoot. Others who are not so aware will be struggling with camera cases and lens caps.
Film manufacturers must be delighted at the thought of the inexperienced photographer setting out in search of the right situation and the right moment. Many miles of costly material have passed through thousands of cameras as this endless search continues. But although a lot of this waste must be put down to inexperience, you’ll find that even the professionals have to use a lot of film when they are out shooting.
Not every shot(镜头;景) is going to be a winner. If you look at the work of even the best photographers, you’ll notice dozens of pictures have had to be taken only because they lead up to the successful shot of a situation that the photographer has obviously been observing through the lens. You may find that you have taken one or two pictures after the right moment has passed as well. There is seldom more than one shot which stands out. There is just one point where it all comes together, and you often have to waste film to catch that precious moment.
51. According to the passage, one can become a better real-life photographer by ________.
A. watching other photographers at work                  
B. learning about famous photographers
C. just taking a great many photographers          
D. developing skills and ideas for yourself
52. The writer thinks that a photographer is required to ________________________.
A. go out and search for unusual situations  
B. be highly skilled in camera techniques
C. be able to tell when a good situation might come
D. have a camera which is easy and quick to use
53. Most likely, to catch the tight moment, one must ________________________.
A. take pictures without too much preparation           
B. take a whole series of similar pictures
C. take great care to set up the situation                    
D. take one picture just at the right moment
54. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The waste of film in photography is essential to the production of good pictures.
B. Film manufacturers usually enjoy pictures by inexperienced photographers.
C. Only amateur photographers waste film in taking pictures.
D. The waste of film, which is the result of poor choice of subject, is expensive and unnecessary.
55. The passage is _________________________.
A. part of a book of camera instruction               B. an advertisement for film
C. a history of photography                               D. an introduction to photography

完形填空:阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
Good advice is like medicine for the soul. What kind of   36  have you recently received? Who do you go to get advice? Do you have a mentor(顾问)? A mentor is a   37  adviser.
Parents, teachers and friends are often great    38  . Sports figures, public officials, and nationally known figures can also be good   39   of mentors, but a person with whom you have a personal relationship will most likely be able to  40  you the best advice.
Mentors teach things that seem to be   41   sense. Proverbs are wise old sayings that are common in every language and   42   , and can sometimes be   43  for a non-native to understand. For example, all    44   glitters(闪烁)is not gold(some things are not as     45  as they appear ).
Advice columns(栏目) 46   newspapers and magazines are another way to  47   advice.  
Talk shows on radio and television are also very popular. Americans and Canadians love to      48   themselves. Many people are not   49   to ask for help or   50  about  a problem in order to receive advice. People generally will  51    their own experience to   52   their friends. Overcoming a difficult situation is  53  respected in North America. People love to offer motivational (激发性的)   54   and encouragement. One proverb, a friend in need is a friend indeed, shares the concept that a true friend will help you out when you are in    55   .
36. A. success          B. measure         C. position         D. advice
37. A. devoted            B. united             C. trusted             D. expected
38. A. interviewers      B. mentors           C. followers         D. competitors
39. A. examples           B. mentors           C. manners         D. services
40. A. consider         B. exchange       C. get               D. offer
41. A. present              B. attractive        C. common        D. especial
42. A. experience     B. difference       C. culture           D. behavior
43. A. simple            B. difficult          C. natural            D. brief
44. A. that              B. which        C. what             D. who
45. A. different        B. same          C. exciting          D. valuable
46. A. in               B. on          C. at             D. upon
47. A. reduce              B. add                 C. keep                D. get
48. A. enjoy                B. teacher           C. express           D. defeat
49. A. brave         B. afraid              C. honest            D. lucky
50. A. talk           B bring                C. care                D. look
51. A. remind              B. suggest            C. advise             D. share
52. A. lead to             B. set free            C. help out           D. look out
53. A. originally          B. highly             C. equally            D. closely
54. A. stories       B. sadness         C. movement       D. adventure
55. A. happiness      B. trouble           C. excitement     D. nature
Have you ever suddenly felt that someone you knew was in trouble—and was he? Have you ever dreamed something that came true later? Maybe you have ESP (超感觉知觉).
  ESP stands for Extrasensory Perception. It may be called a sixth sense. It seems to let people know about events before they happen, or events that are happening some distance away.
  Here's an example. A woman was ironing clothes. Suddenly she screamed, "My father is dead! I saw him sitting in the chair!" Just then, a telegram came. The woman's father died of a heart attack. He died sitting in a chair.
  There are thousands of stories like this one on record. Scientists are studying them to find out what's behind these strange mental messages. Here's another example—one of hundreds of dreams that have come true.
  A man dreamed he was walking along a road when a horse and carriage came by. The driver said, "There's room for one more." The man felt the driver seemed dead, so he ran away. The next day, when the man was getting on a crowded bus, the bus driver said, "There's room for one more."
  Then the man saw that the driver's face was the same face he had seen in the dream. He wouldn't get on the bus. As the bus drove off, it crashed and burst into flames. Everyone was killed!
  Some people say stories like these are coincidences. Others, including some scientists, say that ESP is real. From studies of ESP, we may someday learn more about the human mind.
44.According to the passage, the author believes that the sixth sense is_________.
  A.in existence B.imaginative C.not real D.impossible
45.ESP lets people know___________.
  A.about events before they happen
  B.about events after they happen
  C.about events that are happening some distance away
  D.A and C
46.In the last paragraph the underlined word "coincidences" probably means ____.
  A.things that may not happen
  B.things that happen in a dream
  C.things that must happen
  D.things that happen by accident
47.This article is mainly about_________.
  A.the human dream        B.the sixth sense
  C.the human mind          D.a crowded bus

D
I know what you’re thinking: pizza(比萨饼)? For breakfast? But the truth is that you can have last night’s leftovers in the a.m. if you want to.
I know lots of women who skip breakfast(不吃早餐), and they have a ton of different excuses for doing it. Some say they don’t have time; others think they’re “saving” calories(卡路里);still others just don’t like breakfast food . 
But the bottom line is that eating in the morning is very important when you’re trying to lose weight. “Eating just about anything from 300 to 400 calories would be better than nothing at all,” says Katherine Brooking R.D., who developed the super-easy eating plan for this year’s “SELF CHALLENGE”. And even pizza can be healthy if it’s loaded with vegetables, and you stick to one small piece. 
Breakfast is one meal I never miss, and the same goes for most weight loss success stories. Research shows that eating breakfast keeps you from overeating later in the day. Researchers at the University of Southern California found that breakfast skippers have a bigger chance of gaining weight than those who regularly have a morning meal.
So eat something in the morning, anything. I know plenty of friends who end up having no breakfast altogether, and have just coffee or orange juice. I say, try heating up last night’s leftovers—it may sound crazy, but if it works for you, do it! I find if I tell myself, “You can always eat it tomorrow,” I put away the leftovers instead of eating more that night. Try it. You may save yourself some pre-bedtime calories. And watch your body gain the fat-burning effects.
68. The word “leftovers” in Paragraph 1 probably means_______. 
A. food remaining after a meal         B. things left undone
C. meals made of vegetables           D. pizza topped with fruit
69. What can we infer from the text?
A. Working women usually have breakfast in a hurry.
B. Many people have wrong ideas about breakfast. 
C. There are some easy ways of cooking a meal. 
D. Eating vegetables helps save energy. 
70. According to the last paragraph, it is important to________. 
A. eat something for breakfast           B. be careful about what you eat
C. heat up food before eating it          D. eat calorie-controlled food
71. The text is written mainly for those________. 
A. who go to work early        B. who want to lose weight
C. who stay up late            D. who eat before sleep

第三部分:阅读理解(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,扶每小题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Be sure to book a table if the restaurant you choose is all expensive or a popular one.You will feel embarrassed to show up without booking and having to wait for a table, leaving very bad impression on your friend,especially your girl friend.Also,be sure to check to see if you need to be properly dressed and tell your fi4end ahead of time what to wear.
When your food arrives,proper dining manners make you eat at a right pace so that you have time to talk.A good measure of how fast you should eat is to count 10 seconds between each mouthful and it’s bad manners if you eat too fast and then spend the rest of the time watching your friend eat.
Don’t make noise when having soup and chewing,or chew with your mouth open.
Your napkin(餐巾)should be placed on your lap at ail times.Don’t put it in any other place;It you have to get up,place it nearly on your seat.
When eating,put your fork straight in your mouth.Don’t place your fork in the side of your mouth as it increases the chances of dropping your food,which could be very embarrassing.If you get food stuck in your mouth,don’t pick it out with your fingers or fork at the table.Excuse yourself and go to the restroom and get it out with a toothpick.
When dining,keep your eyes on your friend at all times and try to smile between mouthfuls. Some-times,you should make an effort to show some interest and ask questions like,“How do you like the beef?”If she needs, you are the one who is supposed to flag down the waiter fly a gentle wave of the hand until someone notices you.
56.If you want to eat in a popular restaurant,the author of the passage suggests that     .
A.you book a table beforehand
B.you book a table beforehand and check to be properly dressed
C.you go with a friend
D.you just show up any time you want
57.Good eating manners do NOT include          
A.eating at a proper pace
B.making sounds to show how much you enjoy food
C.showing some interest to your friend when dining
D.placing a napkin on your lap
58.We can infer from the passage for sure that           
A.the writer of the passage favors those dinning manners.
B.the writer of the passage is not a Chinese
C.toothpick is available in the restroom
D.toothpick is not to be found on a dinner table
59.The passage is mainly about          
A.dining manners                        B.an expensive restaurant
C.what to dress                        D.what to eat

Listen carefully; we would like to tell you something that could save your precious time and money! Best of all, it is free! It’s “no”. What do you ask? We’ll say it again. “No”. Sweet and simple “no”.
Say “no” at your office and see how quickly that pile of work on your desk disappears. “Saying “no” to others means you are saying “yes” to yourself,” said Leslie Charles, a professional speaker from East Lansing, Michigan.
Susie Watson, a famous writer, said people who always say “yes” need to say “no” without guilt (内疚) or fear of punishment.  “I would rather have someone give me a loving ‘no’ than an obligated (强制的)‘yes’”, she said.
Susie Watson says she feels “no” obligation to give an explanation when she says “no” either socially or professionally. Does she feel guilty about it? “Not at all,” said Watson, who is director of advertising and public relations at Timex Corp in Middle-bury. “Most people are afraid of saying “no”. My advice is to say “yes” only if you don’t mean ‘no’.”
Watson said “no” is the most effective weapon against wasting time. “Every year there are more demands on your time. Other people are happy to use up your time,” Watson said. Time saving appears to be “no’s” greatest friend. “No” can be your new friend, a powerful tool to take back your life. “No” may even take you further in the business world than “yes”. “No” is power and strength. “No” now seems completely correct. “Saying ‘no’ isn’t easy. But finally it’s greatly liberating,” Charles said. But, he added, a “no” project needs to be worked on every day because it is hard to change long-term habit.
But, he also warns: “Don’t go to extremes.  Don’t find yourself saying “no” to everything. In return you should learn to hear “no”.”
1. The underlined part “saying ‘yes’ to yourself” in the second paragragh means ________.
A. you can have more time to play with others
B. you needn’t care about other’s feeling if you are happy
C. you are selfish and treat others rudely
D. you can deal with your business as you have planned
2. When you say “no” to others you should say it in a ________.
A. secret way     B. polite way         C. proud way        D. guilty way
3 In Watson’s opinion, people can save much time on condition that ________.
A. they say “no” at a suitable time        B. they say “no” as much as possible
C. they are afraid of saying “no”         D. they make others angry at them
4. If a person says “no” to everything, the result he or she receives may be that he or she ________.
A. enjoys a wonderful life              B. makes a lot of money
C. faces difficulty in life                D. forgets to say “yes” in the end

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