题目内容
Fun is, in fact, a word heard far more frequently in families today than in the past, when "duty'' and "responsibility" were often the words used.
Parents today are more youthful in appearance and attitudes. Their clothes and hair-styles are more casual, helping to bridge the divide. Those who are athletically inclined also enjoy Rollerblading, snowboarding, and rock-climbing with their children.
For the past three years, Kathy and Phil Dalby have spent at least one evening a week at a climbing gym with their three children. "It's great to be able to work together," Mrs Dalby says. "We discuss various climbs and where the hard parts are. Sometimes that leads to other Conversations. We're definitely closer."
A popular movement of parent effectiveness training in the 1970s has helped to reshape generational roles. The philosophy encourages children to describe their feelings about various situations. As a result, says Robert Billingham, a family-studies professor at Indiana University, "Parents and children began talking to each other in ways they had not before."
On the plus side, he adds, these conversations made parents realize that children may have important thoughts or feelings that adults need to be aware of.
But Professor Billingham also sees a downside: Many parents started making decisions based on what their child wanted. "The power shifted to children. Parents said, 'I have to focus on making my child happy', as opposed to 'I have to act as a parent most appropriately'."
Other changes are occurring as the ranks of working mothers grow. Time-short parents encourage children's independence, making them more responsible for themselves. "They'll say, 'We trust you to make the right decisions' (whether they're ready to assume the responsibility or not) ,"says Billingham.
The self-esteem movement of the past quarter-century has also affected the family dynamics (原动力). Some parents worry that if they tell their child no, it will hurt the child's self-esteem.
1.What's the trend in parent-child relationship mentioned in the passage?
A．Parents are chasing after fashion and ignoring the feelings of their children.
B．More parents and children are sharing the same enthusiasm for a certain sport.
C．Parents are taking more responsibility and setting more limits for their children.
D．The generation gap is narrowing and parents are respecting their children's thoughts more.
2.Which of the following has NOT contributed to the change in the parent-child relationship?
A．Younger parents. B．Parent effectiveness training.
C．More working mothers. D．The self-esteem movement.
3.What's Billingham's attitude towards parents who make children more responsible for themselves?
A．He supports them. B．He admires them.
C．He disagrees with them. D．He thinks they're unreasonable.
4.What will probably be discussed following the last paragraph?
A．The effect of more working mothers on children' s education.
B．The benefits of the new relationship between parents and children.
C．The importance of self-esteem and ways to develop children's self-esteem.
D．The risks of setting no rules and some suggestions on how to have a balanced attitude.
5.What's the best title for the text?
A．Parents and Children as Friends. B．Parents and Professors as Debaters.
C．Growing Mutual Understanding. D．Disappearing Responsibility.
1.D
2.A
3.C
4.D
5.A
【解析】
试题分析：本文主要介绍了现代父母亲越来越重视与孩子的交流，未来这种代沟将会逐渐缩小，同时文章从三个方面进行阐述说明引起这种变化的原因。
1.推断题。从第2段可知，现在的父母亲在外表和态度方面都很年青化、开明化。这样有助于在父母和孩子之间搭建起沟通的桥梁。可知父母与孩子之间关系的趋势是代沟会变得缩小，并更尊重他们的孩子。故选D
2.细节题。从文中第四段第一句；第七段第一句；第八段第一句可知，只有A没有对父母和孩子关系改变方面作贡献。故选A
3.推断题。从第七段可知，父母亲鼓励孩子们独立，为自己的行为负责。从whether they're ready to assume the responsibility or not .可知Billingham认为他们并不知道孩子是否准备来承担责任。故对这些父母亲，他的态度是不同意他们的。故选C
4.推断题。最后与段讲到一些父母亲担心如果他们对孩子说不，会打击孩子的自尊心，所以接下来应该讲如何来有一个比较平衡的态度来处理如何对待孩子自尊心问题，结合选项D更符合。
5.主旨题。文中主要讲了如今父母亲与孩子之间的有了更好的关系，并且父母亲正积极来处理好这种关系，所以结合选项，应提到父母亲与孩子们之间的关系这一主题，故选A
考点：说明文
点评：本文有一定难度。在答题过程中要注重理解文章作者的真实意图，在回答第一题这样的题目时需要学生结合作者所举得例子来进行全面的判断。对于此类型题目，如果一时文章中心把握不住时，可以通过查看题目，通过题目的选项也可以帮助我们来答题。
The right to pursue happiness is issued to us all with our birth, but no one seems quite sure what it is.
A holy man in India may think 
that happiness is in himself. It is in needing nothing from outside himself. If wanting nothing, he lacks nothing. We westerners, however, are taught that the more we have from outside ourselves, the happier we will be, and then we are made to want. We are even told it is our duty to want. Advertising, one of our major industries, exists not to satisfy these desires but to create them---and to create them faster than any man’s money in his pocket can satisfy them. Here, obviously someone is trying to buy the dream of happiness and spending millions upon millions every year in the attempt. Clearly the happiness-market is not running out of customers.
I doubt the holy man’s idea of happiness, and I doubt the dreams of the happiness-market, too. Whatever happiness may be, I believe, it is neither in having nothing nor in having more, but in changing --- in changing the world and mankind into pure states.
To change is to make efforts to deal with difficulties. As Yeats, a great Irish poet once put it, happiness we get for a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties.
It is easy to understand. We even demand difficulty for the fun in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. And a game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are man-made difficulties. When the player ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the roles. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to cast away all the rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules.
The same is true to happiness. The buyers and sellers at the happiness-market seem to have lost their sense of the pleasure of difficulty. Heaven knows what they are playing,
but it seems a dull game. And the Indian holy man seems dull to us, I suppose, because he seems to be refusing to play anything at all.
The western weakness may be in the dreams that happiness can be bought while eastern weakness may be in the idea that there is such a thing as perfect happiness in man himself. Both of them forget a basic fact: no difficulty, no happiness.
【小题1】Who shares the same idea of happiness with the author?
| A．The Indian holy man | B．The great Irish poet Yeats |
| C．Advertisers | D．The buyers and sellers at the happiness-market |
| A．It means a place in which people can buy things happily |
| B．It means a market which lacks happy customers |
| C．It means a pure state for the world and mankind |
| D．It means a market where people try to buy happiness with money. |
| A．The Indian holy man is much happier than westerner. |
| B．The westerners understand happiness better than the Indian holy man. |
| C．There is no fun without playing by the rules |
| D．Both the eastern weakness and western weakness are the same. |
Fun is, in fact, a word heard far more frequently in families today than in the past, when "duty'' and "responsibility" were often the words used.
Parents today are more youthful in appearance and attitudes. Their clothes and hair-styles are more casual, helping to bridge the divide. Those who are athletically inclined also enjoy Rollerblading, snowboarding, and rock-climbing with their children.
For the past three years, Kathy and Phil Dalby have spent at least one evening a week at a climbing gym with their three children. "It's great to be able to work together," Mrs Dalby says. "We discuss various climbs and where the hard parts are. Sometimes that leads to other Conversations. We're definitely closer."
A popular movement of parent effectiveness training in the 1970s has helped to reshape generational roles. The philosophy encourages children to describe their feelings about various situations. As a result, says Robert Billingham, a family-studies professor at Indiana University, "Parents and children began talking to each other in ways they had not before."
On the plus side, he adds, these conversations made parents realize that children may have important thoughts or feelings that adults need to be aware of.
But Professor Billingham also sees a downside: Many parents started making decisions based on what their child wanted. "The power shifted to children. Parents said, 'I have to focus on making my child happy', as opposed to 'I have to act as a parent most appropriately'."
Other changes are occurring as the ranks of working mothers grow. Time-short parents encourage children's independence, making them more responsible for themselves. "They'll say, 'We trust you to make the right decisions' (whether they're ready to assume the responsibility or not) ,"says Billingham.
The self-esteem movement of the past quarter-century has also affected the family dynamics (原动力). Some parents worry that if they tell their child no, it will hurt the child's self-esteem.
【小题1】What's the trend in parent-child relationship mentioned in the passage?
| A．Parents are chasing after fashion and ignoring the feelings of their children. |
| B．More parents and children are sharing the same enthusiasm for a certain sport. |
| C．Parents are taking more responsibility and setting more limits for their children. |
| D．The generation gap is narrowing and parents are respecting their children's thoughts more. |
| A．Younger parents. | B．Parent effectiveness training. |
| C．More working mothers. | D．The self-esteem movement. |
| A．He supports them. | B．He admires them. |
| C．He disagrees with them. | D．He thinks they're unreasonable. |
| A．The effect of more working mothers on children' s education. |
| B．The benefits of the new relationship between parents and children. |
| C．The importance of self-esteem and ways to develop children's self-esteem. |
| D．The risks of setting no rules and some suggestions on how to have a balanced attitude. |
| A．Parents and Children as Friends. | B．Parents and Professors as Debaters. |
| C．Growing Mutual Understanding. | D．Disappearing Responsibility. |