题目内容

17.If you don't have a college degree,you're at greater risk of developing memory problems or even Alzheimer's (老年痴呆).Education plays a key role in lifelong memory performance and risk for mental disorder,and it's well documented that those with a college degree possess a cognitive(认知的) advantage over those less educated in middle and old age.
Now,a large national study from Brandeis University published in the American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry shows that those with less schooling can significantly make up for poorer education by frequently engaging in mental exercises such as word games,puzzles,reading,and lectures.
"The lifelong benefits of higher education for memory in later life are quite impressive,but we do not clearly understand how and why these effects last so long,"said lead author Margie Lachman,a psychologist.She suggested that higher education may encourage lifelong interest in cognitive efforts,while those with less education may not engage as frequently in mental exercises that help keep the memory agile (敏捷地).
But education early in adulthood does not appear to be the only route to maintain your memory.The study found that intellectual activities undertaken regularly made a difference."Among individuals with low education,those who are engaged in reading,writing,attending lectures,doing word games or puzzles once a week or more had memory scores similar to people with more education,"said Lachman.
The study,called Midlife in the United States,assessed 3,343men and women between the ages of 32and 84with an average age of 56years.Almost 40percent of the participants had at least a 4-year college degree.The researchers evaluated how the participants performed in two cognitive areas,verbal (言语的)memory and executive function---brain processes involved in planning,abstract thinking and cognitive flexibility.Participants were given a series of tests,including tests of verbal fluency,word recall,and backward counting.
As expected,those with higher education said they engaged in cognitive activities more often and also did better on the memory tests,but some with lower education also did well,explained Lachman.
"The findings are promising because they suggest there may be ways to level the playing field for those with lower educational achievement,and protect those at greatest risk for memory declines,"said Lachman."Although we can not rule out the possibility that those who have better memories are the ones who take on more activities,the evidence is consistent with cognitive plasticity (可塑性),and suggests some degree of personal control over cognitive functioning in adulthood by adopting an intellectually active lifestyle."

72.What is the text mainly about?C
A.Higher education has a better cognitive advantage.
B.Better memories result from college degree.
C.Cognitive activity does good to one's mind.
D.Poor education has more risk of memory declines.
73.According to the result of Margie Lachman's study,we can conclude thatD.
A.education is responsible for the lifelong memory performance and risk for mental disorder
B.education early in adulthood can be the only route to maintain your memory
C.those with higher education did better on the memory tests than those with lower education
D.an intellectually active lifestyle does help to maintain your memory
74.What do we know about the study called Midlife?B
A.Participants each were given a battery to test their memory.
B.The average age of the participants are 56years old.
C.Participants had to perform in one of the two cognitive areas.
D.One in four of the participants had a 4-year college degree.
75.Why are the findings of the Lachman's study promising?A
A.The lower educated may have the same opportunities to keep up memory.
B.We may have ways to cure the people who have memory declines.
C.Adopting a different lifestyle can control cognitive functioning.
D.We can find out the possibility to have better memories.

分析 本文主要讲了患老年痴呆风险性的大小与人的受教育程度高低有关.

解答 CDBA
72.C 主旨大意题.本文主要讲了患老年痴呆风险性的大小与人的受教育程度高低有关,故C项符合题意.
73.D 推理判断题.从文章第四段第一句话But education early in adulthood does not appear to be the only route to maintain your memory.可知B项是错误的;从文章的第二、三段可知 C 项错误;A 项的education is responsible for the lifelong memory performance 是正确的,而 risk for mental disorder的说法是错误的.故选D项.
74.B 细节理解题.由文章倒数第三段第一句话The study,called Midlife in the United States,assessed 3,343men and women between the ages of 32and 84with an average age of 56years.可知参与者平均年龄56岁.
75.A 细节理解题.由文章最后一段第一句话"The findings are promising because they suggest there may be ways to level the playing field for those with lower educational achievement,and protect those at greatest risk for memory declines,"可知低受教育者在保持记忆方面有同等机会,故答案为A.

点评 做阅读时经常犯错的主要原因是,仅凭读过文章后残留在脑海中的一丝印象来勾选答案,这样便很容易掉入出题人故意设布下的题目陷阱.所谓阅读理解,对于题目的理解一定要忠实于原文,因此,每一道题都应该与原文作全面的对比与核查,再得出答案.也就是说,阅读理解的每一道题目,在原文都应该有明确的出处,我们把这一出处叫做原文相关句,(1)排除与原文相关句主题不一致的选项(2)排除与原文相关句态度相反的选项  (3)排除用于过于极端或负面的选项(4)注意结合文章主旨和主题去排除.

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相关题目
7.Woo!Daddy and Mummy,Listen!Many of us are using Twitter and Facebook to thumb rides,and not just to school.It's awkward to be refused when you call a friend and ask for a ride.But with Twitter,you just look for other people heading the same way.
It may sound surprising and risky--so many teens stay within their own social circles to find rides,and don't branch out beyond friends when asking on Twitter just like me,but to some young people,especially those taking longer trips,stranger danger is less of a concern.
"I think the digital connection of young people is really key,because younger generations grew up sharing things on line,sharing files,photos,music,etc,so they've been very used to sharing,"said Juliet Schor,a sociology professor at Boston College.
The sharing economy got big during the economic depression,allowing people to access more goods,services using technology and even to share costs.And that technology,for me,is what the car was for my mom,a gateway to more freedom,like what my friend Earl says,"The symbol of freedom isn't the car any more because there's technology out there connecting you to a car."
According to the researchers at the University of Michigan,30years ago,eight in ten American 18-year-olds had a driver's license compared to six in ten today.So it's not that surprising that on my 16th birthday I wasn't rushing to get a license but an iPhone.
"Driving,for young people,does mean they have to disconnect from their technology,and that's a negative.So if they could sit in the passage side and still be connected,that's going to be a plus."Schor continued..
To me,another plus is that ridesharing represents something,something much bigger than trying to save money.I see it as evidence that people still depend on each other.My generation shares their cars and apartments the way neighbors used to share cups of sugar.For the system to work,some of us still need our own cars.But until I get my own version of the silver Super Beetle,you can find me on Twitter.

32.The American teens like the author,prefer to possess an iPhone as a birthday gift becauseB.
A.it is most fashionable and cool          B.they are fond of being connected
C.they are bored with driving cars         D.it is much cheaper than a car
33.We can learn from the text thatD.
A.Twitter is a website for teens to make friends and achieve goals
B.driving cars for teens means a plus and connecting with technology
C.having a car and cost-sharing symbolize more freedom for the author's mother
D.ridesharing can be seen as a sign that people still count on each other
34.Professor Juliet would agree thatA.
A.being connected via technology comes first for young people
B.young people will sit waiting to be contacted by reading a passage
C.sharing economy is bound to be responsible for the depression
D.young people tend to share a car with strangers by means of Twitter
35.The best title for the passage is probablyD.
A.Twitter,an Awesome Website           B.Cars or iPhone.
C.Cool Teens on the Go                  D.Teens Use Twitter to Thumb Rides.
8.
A.What are SIGs?
B.What types of memberships are available?
C.Who can join IATEFL China?
D.What and where is IATEFL China?
E.What links does IATEFL China have?
F.What happens at the Annual Conference?
76.D
It is based in Tonghua City,Jilin Province of the People's Republic of China and is managed by the President of the association.Other office staff include the General Secretary,the International Affairs Administrator,the Membership Secretary,the Newsletter Distribution,and the General Assistant.
77.B
You can join as a full member and receive the association's newsletter six times per year,two free publications,free membership to one SIG (Special Interest Group),discounts on publications,reduced conference registration fees,and voting rights.
There are also special membership packages for institutional members and for members of IATEFL China's associates (basic members).
By the end of this year,members of IATEFL China can benefit from the special rights provided by the mother organization (IATEFL) at some rate.
78.F
This is the most important event in the association's calendar and takes place each year in August somewhere in China.It is attended by around 800 delegates each year and includes plenary sessions by eminent practitioners,a large number of workshops,talks and round table discussions given by able speakers,as ELT Exhibition and Pre-Conference Events organized by Special Interest Groups.
79.A
Members can join any number of the 10 Special Interest Groups (SIGs) including:FLT Teaching & Learning Policy; FLT Curriculum & Syllabus Study; Coherence Research on Primary-secondary School and Secondary-Tertiary Transition; Primary School Classroom Instruction Model; Secondary School Classroom Instruction Model; Modern IT in FLT; Applied Linquistics; FL Learning Strategies; FL Teacher Development and Training; FL Textbook,Materials and Teaching Aids Design.
80.E
IATEFL China has associate agreements with other teachers'associations throughout the world.Among other things,there are usual agreements to exchange newsletters and to provide a speaker to attend each other's conference at least once every year.More so,committee members from IATEFL China are willing to attend the conferences,meetings,etc.of related associations upon invitation.
5.以下是Knox大学所提供的一些课程:
A.German 202 B.Modern European History  C.Business management
*Intermediate language
  program
*5 nights(Tue一Sat)
*Class Time:
  7:30pm-9:30pm
*Covers both language and
  also provides introduction
  to German culture
+German 101 is required for
  admission
*Cost;  1,100
*non-academic introduction tO
  European history
*3 nights per week
  (Mon-Wed)
*Class Time:
  7:30pm-9:30pm
*Focuses on historic sites of
 Europe along with basic
 introduction to German and
 French languages
*Cost:900
*Business skills program
*5 nights per week
  (Tue一Sat)
*Class Time:
  8:30pm一11:30pm
*Learn all you need to know to
 run your own business
 Course ideal for a current
 business owner or someone
 thinking about starting their
 own business
*Cost:1,600
 D.Human Resources 101 E.Introductory Economics.F.Japanese
*Introduction to Human
  Resource management
*5 days/night a week
  (Tue一Sat)
*Class Time:
  9:30am一12:30pm OR
  6:30pm-9:30pm
*provides practical
  guidance to improve your
  ability to handle your
  employees;includes
  negotiation and conflict
  settlement
*covets the basics required for
  senior high school and first year
  university economics study
*Twice weekly(Mon&Thu)
*Class Time:
  8:30pm--9:30pm
*TeXt-books included in course
  fee.Recognized by all major
  national universities
*Cost:600
 
*introductory course to
 Japanese language
*5 nights a week.(Mon--Fri)
*Class Time:
7:30pm一10:30pm
*recognized by all national
 into Second year Japanese
 courses
*Cost:1,700
 
以下是拟选择课程的一些学生,请匹配学生与他们相适应的课程.

   46.Jason Smith--graduated from high school last year and is now working as a Sales assistant in a supermarket.Wants to get promoted but he needs to have better skills at managing people to achieve this.Works from 1:30 pm to 9:30 pm Monday to Friday.D
   47.Julie Bender--is planning to travel to Europe next year and is interested in finding out more about some of the places she is planning to visit or learning a European language.Prefers to study after she finishes work at 6 pm rather than or weekends.B
   48.Hymen Nerdstrom-a senior high school student who needs a course that will help improve at least one of his weakest subjects,modem history and economics.Finishes school each  weekday at 5 pm.Every Tuesday and Thursday evening has football practice until 7 pm.E
   49.Ron Woods--works in a music shop Monday to Friday from 9 am to 4 pm.Is interested in taking a course that will give him the skill to successfully run business of his own.Also plays in a band every Sunday night  which he must attend.C
   50.Jill Seaweed-left school without graduating 5 years ago,but is now interested in continuing her education,Is interested in history and languages and wants a course that will not only help her learn more about either topic but will also help her to get accepted into university.F.
12.
A.The comparison between renewable energy and nuclear energy
B.The benefits and risks of using nuclear energy
C.The reason for keeping nuclear power
D.The panic caused by the leak of radiation
E.The main energy source and its problems
F.An ideal energy and the proportion it accounts for
76.D
One of the consequences of the terrible earthquake and tsunami in Japan on 11March was,of course,a leak of radiation at the Fukushima nuclear power station on the country's east coast.Soon afterwards,all the people living within twenty kilometres of the plant were told to leave because of the danger from the radiation.
77.B
The pros and cons of nuclear power always come up in debates about how the world should produce the energy it needs.Those who think the risks are too great can obviously use Chernobyl-and now Fukushima-in their argument,while also pointing out that nuclear waste stays radioactive for hundreds of years,and asking what might happen if terrorists ever chose to attack a nuclear power plant.Those who support nuclear power point out that a very small amount of nuclear fuel can create a huge amount of energy,and that unlike the burning of fossil fuels such as oil,coal and natural gas,nuclear power stations don't contribute to global warming by pushing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.
78.E
Most of the world's energy currently comes from fossil fuels,but this can't go on forever.As well as the problem of global warming there is the simple fact that the Earth has a limited amount of these resources.They will eventually run out-although there is a lot of disagreement about when that might be.
79.F
Apart from nuclear power,which currently provides less than 10% of the world's energy,the other alternative is energy from renewable sources.These include hydropower,biofuels (made mostly from crops),wind power and solar power,and together they currently provide around 15% of the world's energy.Some scientists think renewable energy is the great hope for the future-not only because it won't run out but also because it is less risky than nuclear power and produces far fewer greenhouse gases than burning fossil fuels.
80.C
Other scientists,however,believe we will never produce enough renewable energy to fill the gap when fossil fuels begin to run out.That is why,even while watching the very worrying events in Japan,they argue that nuclear power will always have to be part of the solution to the world's energy problems.
2.A.enhanced   B.obvious   C.feedback   D.primarily   E.head    F.increasingly  G.shared    H.consistent   I.capacity   J.impact   K.interact

Our world is changing,and the business world is on an evolutionary path that is virtually unstoppable.Knowledge base management is a very good example of such developments.With time the need to bring the customers closer has become even more
(41)B,and this has further resulted in companies taking measures to respond better to their customers.
When discussing trends in knowledge management systems,it is almost impossible to ignore the (42)J that cloud computing has had on it.The application of cloud computing has not only (43)A efficiency,but has further improved productivity.Through cloud computing,virtual offices are being operated almost everywhere around the globe.All it takes is the click of a button!As for companies,it is vital for them to hire professionals from all over the world.
For businesses that rely greatly on customer satisfaction and approvals,(44)C on their services is very important.Customers in particular are able to (45)K with the staff on the other end,and provide their feedback as to the quality of services that they have received.The role of most knowledge managers is to ensure that information is kept current,accurate and (46)H.Significant developments in the database management systems have made it easier to achieve this goal,and there can only be so much to look forward to as we (47)E into the future.
At the moment,(48)G information that passes through these systems can be run through different forms.There was a time when such information was (49)D document-
based.Today however,reports and other relevant information can be presented to the seeker through different media.
The most efficient knowledge base management systems in the market at the moment are built with the (50)I to handle all kinds of information.One of the other things that we cannot forget to mention is the mobile functionality of these programs.They are compatible(兼容的)with users across all platforms,and this makes them even more convenient than before.
9.首先请阅读下列William J.Bennett家庭教育系列读物的封面及基本信息:
 A. Bennett gives this thrilling account of the virtues of America and the many brave men and women who have made it the powerful nation it is today.The tale of human struggle and victory captures what is unique about America.
 B. Filled with stories of the heroes and virtues,this book presents stories and poems that show children what it means to be an American,so this book is a national popular one and the best seller of the year.
 C. The book intends to inspire children to find heroes in their lives,such as Jackie Robinson,Abraham Lincoln and this book also includes tales about everyday people,such as a young boy who goes in search of an angel to watch over him,only to find that he has one---his mother.
 D.  This collection of stories will help children develop their most important quality,character and includes stories from the Bible,and from sources as diverse as well-known fairy tales,the philosophy of Plato,the poetry of Robert Frost and Aesop's fables.
 E. This book is a treasury of timeless stories which teach young people the importance of showing virtues in one's daily life.It is a perfect gift for graduation or other special occasions.Well-known works from Aesop,Dickens and Shakespeare are presented to teach virtues.
 F.  This inspiring book offers examples of good and bad,right and wrong in great works from literature and in stories from history.Organized by stages along life journey,these stories serve as reference on moral compass,guiding the readers through challenges in their life.
以下是购书者对这些书籍的简要评论.请将简要评论与封面及基本信息匹配起来.
46.This great book by Bennett guides the kids to find heroes in their lives through a collection of stories.Also it just tells us stories about common people as heroes,which is very instructive.So it is very popular among the kids.C
47.Drawn from familiar western history as well as a wide selection of tales from Asia,Africa,and Latin America,the stories are great,designed to inspire as well as instructive.This book is a good guide that will help family members meet the challenges of life at any age.F
48.Bennett will make you feel terrific about America.The big topic of politics and war reclaim the place they used to enjoy in the old histories.He never misses the chance to tell a good story.He has an eye for the strange and the surprising about America.A
49.This book is well-received for children in America,because it is full of stories and poems to tell our kids how to be a hero and what virtues they should have,which can be their moral compass to their life and that will mean a lot to be American kids.B
50.Bennett selected stories and poems to teach young people the importance of virtues in their daily life,which is really a perfect gift for graduation or other special occasions.This book belongs on every young person's bookshelf.E.
6.America is growing older.Fifty years ago,only 4out of every 100people in the United States were 65or older.Today,10out of every 100Americans are over 65.The aging of the population will affect (影响) American society in many ways-education,medicine,and business.Quietly,the graying of America has made us a very different society-one  in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior(行为)is suitable (合适)at various ages.A person's age no longer tells you anything about his/her social position,marriage or health.There's no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family.The social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school,get a job,or stop working isn't as strong as it used to be.It doesn't surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother,or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for the firs time.Public ideas are changing.Many people say,'I am much younger than my mother-or my father-was at my age.'No one says‘Act your age'anymore.We've stopped looking with surprise at older people who act in youthful ways.

51.It can be learnt from the text that the aging of the population in AmericaC.
A.has made people feel younger
B.has changed people's social position
C.has changed people's understanding of age
D.has slowed down the country's social development
52.The underlined word‘one'refers toA.
A.a society   B.America   C.a place   D.population
53.‘Act your age'means people shouldB.
A.be active when they are old
B.do the right thing at the right age
C.show respect for their parents young or old
D.take more physical exercise suitable to their age
54.If a 25-year-old man becomes general manager of a big firm,the writer of the text would most probably consider itA.
A.normal  B.wonderful   C.unbelievable   D.unreasonable.
7.Children's lives have changed greatly over the last 50 years.But do they have a happier childhood than you or I did?
It's difficult to look back on one's own childhood without some element of nostalgia(怀旧的).I have four brothers and sisters,and my memories are all about being with them.Playing board games on the living room floor,or spending days in the street with the other neighborhood children,racing up and down on our bikes,or exploring the nearby woods.My parents hardly appear in these memories,except as providers either of meals or of severe blame after some particularly risky adventure.
These days,in the UK at least,the nature of childhood has changed greatly.Firstly,families are smaller,and there are far more only children.It is common for both parents to work outside the home and there is the feeling that there just isn't time to bring up a large family,or that no one could possibly afford to have more than one child.As a result,today's boys and girls spend much of their time alone.Another major change is that youngsters today tend to spend a huge amount of their free time at home,inside.More than anything this is due to the fact that parents worry far more than they used to about real or imagined dangers,so they wouldn't dream of letting their children play outside by themselves.
Finally,the kind of toys children have and the way they play is totally different.Computer and video games have replaced the board games and more interesting activities of my childhood.The iron(令人啼笑皆非的事情) is that so many ways of playing games are called"interactive".The fact that you can play electronic games on your own further increases the sense of loneliness felt by many young people today.
Do these changes mean that children today have a less relaxing childhood than I had?I personally believe that they do,but perhaps every generation feels exactly the same.
60.What is the purpose of the direct question given in the first paragraph?A
A.To get people's attention and lead in the topic.
B.To gather people's opinions on childhood.
C.To show who the passage is written for.
D.To compare the childhood lives of two generations.
61.Which is a reason for the changes?B
A.Families are bigger today
B.It's too dangerous to play outside.
C.Children play more interactive games
D.Parents worried too much about their children.
62.What does the writer focus on in the fourth paragraph?B
A.Young people today shouldn't play electronic games.
B.Some games that young people play today aren't really good.
C.Computer and video games have replaced the board games.
D.Board games are much more interesting than computer games.
63.The writer's attitude towards the childhood changing isB.
A.approving        B.objective         C.unconcerned    D.optimistic.

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