题目内容

How is it that siblings (兄弟姐妹) can turn out so differently? One answer is that in fact each sibling grows up in a different family. The firstborn is, for a while, an only child, and therefore has a completely different experience of the parents than those born later. The next child is, for a while, the youngest, until the situation is changed by a new arrival. The mother and father themselves are changing and growing up too. One sibling might live in a stable and close family in the first few years; another might be raised in a family crisis, with a disappointed mother or an angry father.
Sibling competition was identified as an important shaping force as early as in 1918. But more recently, researchers have found many ways in which brothers and sisters are a lasting force in each others’ lives. Dr. Annette Henderson says firstborn children pick up vocabulary more quickly than their siblings. The reason for this might be that the later children aren’t getting the same one-on-one time with parents. But that doesn’t mean that the younger children have problems with language development. Later-borns don’t enjoy that much talking time with parents, but instead they harvest lessons from bigger brothers and sisters, learning entire phrases and getting an understanding of social concepts such as the difference between “I” and “me”. 
A Cambridge University study of 140 children found that siblings created a rich world of play that helped them grow socially. Love-hate relationships were common among the children. Even those siblings who fought the most had just as much positive communication as the other sibling pairs.
One way children seek more attention from parents is by making themselves different from their siblings, particularly if they are close in age. Researchers have found that the first two children in a family are typically more different from each other than the second and third. Girls with brothers show their differences to a maximum degree by being more feminine than girls with sisters. A 2003 research paper studied adolescents from 185 families over two years, finding that those who changed to make themselves different from their siblings were successful in increasing the amount of warmth they gained from their parents.
【小题1】The underlined part “in a different family” (in Para. 1) means “_______”.

A.in a different family environment
B.in a different family tradition
C.in different family crises
D.in different families
【小题2】In terms of language development, later-borns ________.
A.get their parents’ individual guidance
B.learn a lot from their elder siblings
C.experience a lot of difficulties
D.pick up words more quickly
【小题3】What was found about fights among siblings?
A.Siblings hated fighting and loved playing.
B.Siblings in some families fought frequently.
C.Sibling fights led to bad sibling relationships.
D.Siblings learned to get on together from fights.
【小题4】The word “feminine” (in Para. 4) means “_______”.
A.having qualities of parents
B.having qualities of women
C.having defensive qualities
D.having extraordinary qualities


【小题1】A
【小题2】B
【小题3】D
【小题4】B

解析

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Certain people make you feel comfortable when they are around. You spend an hour with them and feel as if you’ve known them half your life. These people have something in common. And once you know what it is, we can try to do it ourselves.

   How is it done? Here are several skills that good talkers have. If you follow the skills, they will help you to put people at their ease, and make friends with them quickly.

   First of all, good talkers have asked questions. Almost anyone, no matter how shy he is, will answer a question. One well-known businesswoman says, “At business lunches, I always ask people what they did that morning. It’s a common question, but it will get things going.” From there you can move on to other matters ----sometimes to really personal questions. And how he answers will let you know how far you can go.

   Second, once good talkers have asked questions, they listen for the answers. This point seems clear, but it isn’t. Your question should have a point and help to tell what sort of person you are talking to. And to find out, you really have to listen carefully and attentively.

   Real listening at least means some things. First it means not to change the subject of conversation. If someone sticks to one topic, you can take it as a fact that he is really interested in it. Real listening also means not just listening to words, but to the tone (语调)of voice. If the voice sounds dull, then it’s time for you to change the subject.

   Finally, good talkers know well how to deal with the occasion of parting. If you’re saying goodbye, you may give him a firm shakehand and say, “I’ve really enjoyed meeting you.” If you want to see that person again, don’t keep it a secret. Let people know what you feel, and they may walk away feeling as if they’ve known you half their lives.

1.You’ll like to stay with some people____.

A. who have something in common with you

B. when you get into real trouble

C. with whom you feel it easy to get along well

D. from whom you can get necessary and timely help

2.After asking somebody a question, you should____.

A. make it clear what is fit to ask next

B. wait quietly for his answers

C. go on to ask more questions

D. change the subject to another one

3.If you want to see that person again,____ when parting.

A. let him know what you feel

B. giving them a firm shakehand

C. asking proper questions and being a good listener

D. keeping talking to others to them in the conversation

 

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