题目内容

Good dietary sources of calcium should ________leafy green vegetables, fish, yogurt, tofu and breakfast
cereals(谷类食物). 
[     ]
A. contain      
B. possess
C. share  
D. include
D
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　　Scurvy, a disease caused by a lack of Vitamin C was a serious problem in the past when fresh fruits and vegetables were not available during the winter in many parts of the world．It was especially common among sailors in the days when only nonperishable(不易腐烂的)foods could be stored aboard ship．The symptoms of the disease include gradual weakening, pale skin, muscle pain, loss of teeth, internal bleeding, fainting and then lung and kidney trouble．Eventually, the sailor “went to Davy Jones's locker”(naval slang for dying)．

　　More than half the crew of Vasco da Gama died from scurvy on his first trip(1497－1499)around the Cape of Good Hope．In 1747 the Scottish naval surgeon James Lind treated scurvy-ridden sailors with lemons and oranges and obtained dramatic cures．In 1795 the British navy began to distribute regular amount of lime juice during long sea voyages, a measure that was largely successful in preventing scurvy．

　　Scurvy was probably the first disease to be definitely associated with a dietary deficiency．Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing．These elements are called “vitamins”．Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A,B,C,D, and so on．Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins．

　　The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruits and green vegetables．It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, saying during extended periods of religious fasting(斋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins．

(1)

Which of the following sentence can express the main idea of the passage?

[　　]

A．

Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious disease．

B．

Fresh fruit and green vegetable contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body．

C．

Vitamins play an important role in people's health．

D．

A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us．

(2)

To avoid vitamin-lacking disease like scurvy, it's better for us ________．

[　　]

A．

not to eat much salted meat

B．

to have more fresh fruits and vegetables

C．

to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills

D．

to develop a good dietary habit

(3)

The information in the passage would most likely be of interest to a student of ________．

[　　]

A．

engineering

B．

nutrition

C．

psychology

D．

farming

(4)

Which of the following best describes the author's tone?

[　　]

A．

Argumentative

B．

Negative

C．

Curious

D．

Neutral

(5)

The underlined word “deficiency” probably means ________．

[　　]

A．

lack

B．

defence

C．

supply

D．

measure

       In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (坏血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men??s lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors?? diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors.

       Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility (敏感度) to colds and influenza.

The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (斋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.

51. Scurvy is a disease that is provoked by ____

     A. salted meat and biscuits              B. exhaustion

     C. want of some essential substances      D. lack of fresh vegetables and fruits

52. In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, “warded off” could probably be replaced by____.

     A. got rid of     B. killed     C. avoided     D. cleared away

53. To avoid such disease as scurvy, it??s better for us ____.

A. not to eat much salted meat

B. to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills

C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables

D. to develop a good dietary habit

54. Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough ____.

A. vitamin pills are of no avail

B. nutritious food might be unhealthy

C. vegetable leaves can be a good remedy

D. religious fasting may help out a lot

55. Which of the following sentences best expresses the central ideal of the passage?

A. Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases.

     B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body.

     C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people??s health.

     D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us.

In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (坏血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums, livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men´s lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors´ diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be warded off by the provision of fresh fruit for the sailors.
Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with deficiencies of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility (敏感度) to colds and influenza.
The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (斋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special provision to supply the missing vitamins.

  1. 1.

    Scurvy is a disease that is provoked by ____

    1. A.
      salted meat and biscuits             
    2. B.
      exhaustion
    3. C.
      want of some essential substances     
    4. D.
      lack of fresh vegetables and fruits
  2. 2.

    In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, “warded off” could probably be replaced by____.

    1. A.
      got rid of    
    2. B.
      killed    
    3. C.
      avoided    
    4. D.
      cleared away
  3. 3.

    To avoid such disease as scurvy, it´s better for us ____.

    1. A.
      not to eat much salted meat
    2. B.
      to supplement our diet with various vitamin pills
    3. C.
      to have more fresh fruit and vegetables
    4. D.
      to develop a good dietary habit
  4. 4.

    Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough ____.

    1. A.
      vitamin pills are of no avail
    2. B.
      nutritious food might be unhealthy
    3. C.
      vegetable leaves can be a good remedy
    4. D.
      religious fasting may help out a lot
  5. 5.

    Which of the following sentences best expresses the central ideal of the passage?

    1. A.
      Deficiencies of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases.
    2. B.
      Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body.
    3. C.
      Vitamins play a vitally important role in people´s health.
    4. D.
      A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us.

　　　In the early days of sea travel, seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits. Many of them died of scurvy (坏血病), a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums (牙龈), livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion. On one occasion, in 1535, an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill. The men’s lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat. Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors’ diet and Captain Cook, on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand, established the fact that scurvy could be prevented by the supply of fresh fruit for the sailors.

　　　Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing. These elements are called “vitamins”. Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them, A, B, C, D, and so on. Different diseases are associated with shortages of particular vitamins. Even a slight lack of Vitamin C, for example, the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables, is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility (敏感度) to colds and influenza.

　 The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet, including a variety of fruit and green vegetables. It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet, say during extended periods of religious fasting (斋戒), or when trying to lose weight, that it is necessary to make special supply to make up for the missing vitamins.

57. Scurvy is a disease that is caused by ____

　　　 A. salted meat and biscuits　　　　　　　　 　　 B. exhaustion

　　　 C. lack of some essential substances D. need of fresh vegetables and fruits

58. To avoid such disease as scurvy, it’s better for us ____.

　 A. not to eat much salted meat

　 B. to supply our diet with various vitamin pills

　 C. to have more fresh fruit and vegetables

　 D. to develop a good dietary habit

59. Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive 　 (广泛) enough, ____.

　 A. vitamin pills are of no use

　 B. nutritious food might be unhealthy

　 C. vegetable leaves can be a good treatment

　 D. religious fasting may help out a lot

60. Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea of the passage?

　 　 A. Shortages of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases.

　 　 B. Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for　　

　　 a healthy body.

　　　 C. Vitamins play a vitally important role in people’s health.

　　　 D. A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us.

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