Question

Babies understand what their mothers say, even when they speak a language their children have never heard before, scientists claim.
The researchers found that one-year-olds reacted in exactly same way to their mothers’ voices regardless of whether they were speaking English or Greek, showing what mothers have long known – that babies pick up on tone of voice rather than the words themselves.
The researchers, from Cardiff University’s School of Psychology, observed babies as they watched their mothers perform actions with toys using the English words “whoops” and “there”. The scientists studied reactions from one-year-old babies to their mums’ voices even when they were speaking both English and Greek, and keeping the same tone of voice. The academics found that babies reproduced the same reactions regardless of whether they knew the language.  
Study leader Dr Merideth Gattis of Cardiff University’s School of Psychology says, “What this work showed was that children could have access to understanding simply through tone of voice. We did ‘whoops’ and ‘there’ in two languages and got exactly the same results.” The research, published in the journal Cognitive Development, was conducted on 84 babies aged between 14 and 18 months, over the course of a year, with none of the babies having any previous exposure to Greek.
Dr Gattis says that children respond to tone clues in their parents’ voices from an early age.
She says, “Tone of voice is a really useful signal of what someone is thinking. We never have direct access to other people’s minds, except the signals in language that they give out.” She says the study shows that it is less important what parents say than how they say it.
Dr Gattis adds, “A child may ask if you like his / her drawing, for example. You might say yes, but if you don’t sound enthusiastic, the meaning may not get across.” Before children begin to speak, parents should use exaggerated tone when speaking to them.
【小题1】According to the text, what have mothers long-known?

A．Babies have a better understanding of English.

B．Babies pick up on tone of voice.

C．Babies like their mothers’ performances.

D．Babies like drawing from an early age.

【小题2】Which of the following is TRUE, according to the study?

A．Tone of voice is the most useful sign of what someone is thinking.

B．After children begin to speak, tone becomes unimportant.

C．The babies acted the same way regardless of the language.

D．The research was conducted on 48 babies.

【小题3】According to the text, Dr. Gattis believes that _________.

A．we have no access to other people’s minds

B．babies can’t understand what “yes” means

C．parents should always sound enthusiastic

D．how a parent speaks is more important than what he or she says

【小题4】What’s the text mainly about?

A．The content of the journal Cognitive Development.

B．The famous works of Dr. Gattis.

C．Babies understanding their mothers through tone.

D．Babies having the potential to learn language well.

【小题5】The text can be classified as _________.

A．a report

B．an advertisement

C．a handbook

D．a guide

Answer 1

【小题1】B
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】C
【小题5】A

解析试题分析：本文属于研究报告，讲述的是不管孩子讲述的什么语言，孩子都可以通过父母讲话的语调来理解父母的意思。
【小题1】B 细节题。根据文章第二段2,3行showing what mothers have long known – that babies pick up on tone of voice rather than the words themselves.可知B项内容正确。
【小题2】C 细节题。根据文章第二段1,2行The researchers found that one-year-olds reacted in exactly same way to their mothers’ voices regardless of whether they were speaking English or Greek,可知无论是何种语言，孩子都可以理解母亲。故C正确。
【小题3】D 推理题。根据文章第四段2,3行“What this work showed was that children could have access to understanding simply through tone of voice.可知孩子理解父母亲是根据父母说话的音调。所以D项父母亲如何说话要比说的内容更重要。故D正确。
【小题4】C 主旨大意题。根据文章3,4段可知本文中的这次研究主要讲述的是孩子可以通过母亲讲话的音调来理解母亲的意思。故C正确。
【小题5】A 推理题。本文属于科学研的报告，不是广告，手册和导游书。故A正确。
考点：考察科普类短文阅读
点评：本文讲述的是不管孩子讲述的什么语言，孩子都可以通过父母讲话的语调来理解父母的意思。本文以细节题的考查为主，细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。