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Napoleon, as a character in Tolstoy¡¯s War and Peace, is more than once described as having ¡°fat little hands.¡¯¡¯ Nor does he ¡°sit well or firmly on the horse.¡¯¡¯ He is said to be ¡°undersized.¡¯¡¯ with¡°short legs¡¯¡¯ and a ¡°round stomach¡±. The issue here is not the accuracy of Tolstoy¡¯s description ¡ª it seems not that far off from historical accounts but his choice of facts£ºOther things that could be said of the man are not said. We are meant to understand the difference of a warring commander in the body of a fat little Frenchman. Tolstoy¡¯s Napoleon could be any man wandering in the streets and putting a little of powdered tobacco up his nose ¡ª and that is the point.
It is a way the novelist uses to show the moral nature of a character. And it turns out that, as Tolstoy has it, Napoleon is a crazy man. In a scene in Book Three of War and Peace, the wars having reached the critical year of 1812, Napoleon receives a representative from the Tsar(ɳ»Ê), who has come with peace terms. Napoleon is very angry£ºDoesn¡¯t he have more army? He, not the Tsar, is the one to make the terms. He will destroy all of Europe if his army is stopped. ¡°That is what you will have gained by engaging me in the war!¡± he shouts. And then, Tolstoy writes, Napoleon ¡°walked silently several times up and down the room, his fat shoulders moving quickly.¡¯¡¯
Still later, after reviewing his army amid cheering crowds, Napoleon invites the shaken Russian to dinner. ¡°He raised his hand to the Russian¡¯s ¡ face,¡± Tolstoy writes, and ¡°taking him by the ear pulled it gently ¡.¡± To have one¡¯s ear pulled by the Emperor was considered the greatest honor and mark of favor at the French court. ¡°Well, well, why don¡¯t you say anything?¡¯¡¯ said he, as if it was ridiculous in his presence to respect any one but himself, Napoleon.
Tolstoy did his research, but the composition is his own.
51. Tolstoy¡¯s description of Napoleon in War and Peace is ____ _______ ____.
A. far from the historical facts B. based on the Russian history
C. based on his selection of facts D. not related to historical details
52. Napoleon was angry when receiving the Russian representative because _________.
A. he thought he should be the one to make the peace terms
B. the Tsar's peace terms were hard to accept
C. the Russians stopped his military movement
D. he didn¡¯t have any more army to fight with
53. What did Napoleon expect the Russian representative to do?
A. To walk out of the room in anger. B. To show agreement with him.
C. To say something about the Tsar. D. To express his admiration.
54. Tolstoy intended to present Napoleon as a man who is _____ ______ ____.
A. ill-mannered in dealing with foreign guests
B. fond of showing off his iron will
C. determined in destroying all of Europe
D. crazy for power and respect
55. What does the last sentence of the passage imply?
A. A writer doesn¡¯t have to be faithful to his findings.
B. A writer may write about a hero in his own way.
C. A writer may not be responsible for what he writes.
D. A writer has hardly any freedom to show his feelings.
C
A
D
D
A
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Jodie Foster was born on Nobember 19,1962,in Los Angeles, Carlif., US. She is an American film actress who began her career as a mature(³ÉÊìµÄ) child actress.
Jodie began her performing career as a very young child in television, appearing first in commercials(ÉÌÒµ¹ã¸æ). She starred in her own short-lived series, Paper Moon (1974), based on the 1973 film of the same name. She appeared in a number of Disney films, beginning with Napoleon and Samantha (1972).
Director Martin Scorsese cast Jodie in a bit part in Alice Doesn¡¯t live Here Anymore (1974) before giving her the role of Iris in Taxi Driver (1976). Her mature performance in Taxi Driver earned her an Academy Award nomination(ÌáÃû) as best supporting actress. Her later films as child actress were less impressive, but her performances were always admired. Jodie graduated from Yale University in 1985.
Perhaps because of her screen image of early maturity, Foster was abler to make a relatively smooth transition to adult roles. In The Accused (1988), she gave a perfect performance as Sarah Tobias. In The Silence of the Lames (1991), she tracks a killer as FBI agent Clarice Starling. Both performances won her Academy Awards as best actress.
In 1990s, Jodie went into other areas of filmmaking. She directed her best film, Little Man Tate, in 1991,in which she also co-starred. In 1994, she co-produced Nell, for which she also received an Oscar nomination for best actress. In 1997, Foster starred in Contact. Her later films included Panic Room (2002), Inside Man (2006), and The Brave One (2007).
¡¾Ð¡Ìâ1¡¿Which of the following film won Jodie Foster Academy Awards as best actress?
a.Taxi Driver b.The Accused c.Nell d.The Silence of the Lambs
| A£®bcd | B£®ac | C£®bd | D£®abcd |
| A£®it was in a TV series that Jodie made her first TV appearance. |
| B£®some of Jodie¡¯s performances as a child actress were thought to be very bad. |
| C£®Jodie became famous at a young age because of her mature performance. |
| D£®Jodie played a very important role in Alice Doesn¡¯t Live Here Anymore. |
| A£®People | B£®Business | C£®Fashion | D£®Career |
Why does most of the world travel on the right side today? Theories differ, but there¡¯s no doubt that Napoleon was a major influence. The French had used the right since at least the late 18th century. Some say that before the French Revolution, noblemen drove their carriages on the left, forcing the peasants to the right. Regardless of the origin, Napoleon brought right-hand traffic to the nations he conquered, including Russia, Switzerland and Germany. Hitler, in turn, ordered right-hand traffic in Czechoslovakia and Austria in the 1930s. Nations that escaped right-hand control, like Great Britain, followed their left-hand tradition.
The U.S. has not always been a nation of right-hand rivers; earlier in its history, carriage and horse traffic traveled on the left, as it did in England. But by the late 1700s, people driving large wagons pulled by several pairs of horses began promoting a shift to the right. A driver would sit on the rear (ºóÃæµÄ) left horse in order to wave his whip with his right hand; to see opposite traffic clearly, they traveled on the right.
One of the final moves to firmly standardize traffic directions in the U.S. occurred in the 20th century, when Henry Ford decided to mass-produce his cars with controls on the left (one reason, stated in 1908; the convenience for passengers exiting directly onto the edge, especially¡ if there is a lady to be considered). Once these rules were set, many countries eventually adjusted to the right-hand standard, including Canada in the 1920s, Sweden in 1967 and Burma in 1970. The U.K. and former colonies such as Australia and India are among the western world¡¯s few remaining holdouts. Several Asian countries, including Japan, use the left as well ¡ª thought many places use both right-hand-drive and left-hand-drive cars.
¡¾Ð¡Ìâ1¡¿Why did people in Switzerland travel on the right?
| A£®They had used the right-hand since the 18th century. |
| B£®Rich people enjoyed driving their carriages on the right. |
| C£®Napoleon introduced the right-hand traffic to this country. |
| D£®Hitler ordered them to go to against their left-hand tradition. |
| A£®Austria | B£®England | C£®Japan | D£®Australia |
| A£®in order to change traffic directions in the U.S. |
| B£®so that passengers could get off conveniently |
| C£®because rules at that time weren¡¯t perfect |
| D£®though many countries were strongly against that |
| A£®Before the French Revolution, all the French people used the right. |
| B£®People in Britain and the U.S. travel on the same side nowadays. |
| C£®The Burmese began to travel on the right in 1970. |
| D£®All the Asian nations use the left at present. |
| A£®Who made the great contributions to the shift of traffic directions? |
| B£®How cars have become a popular means of transportation? |
| C£®How Henry Ford produced his cars with controls on the left? |
| D£®Why don¡¯t people all drive on the same side of the road? |