题目内容

10．"All right then-Just one more piece…"Words every girl has said when faced with That ail-too delicious cheesecake．Of course，many of us know we may eat the whole thing in the end．
     It isn't just girls．Most of us find it hard to hold back．However，scientists now say that willpower （意志力） is the key to success and a happy life．
     Scientists in different countries have been studying the effects of willpower on people's lives for a long time．The results are alike，according to an article on February 7 in the Guardian．
     In one experiment，scientists told young children that．they could either have a marsh-mallow （圆形软糖）now，or two marshmallows in 15 minutes．Waiting obviously needed more willpower．Scientists then tracked the children as they grew up．They wanted to see if certain children always had stronger willpower．They also wanted to see how having stronger willpower affected their lives．
     Years later，scientists found that the children who had waited for two marshmallows were all healthier，happier and richer adults．In contrast，the children who had shown weaker willpower at that young age were more likely to be in low-paid jobs，to be overweight，to have drug or alcohol problems，to divorce or to commit crimes．
     But there is hope，Roy F Baumeister，an American social psychology professor told the Guardian．Baumeister says we can train our willpower just like we train our muscles．Even a little practice can strengthen our overall self-control as long as we do it regularly and frequently．
     You could start by making yourself stand up straight，speaking in complete sentences，or using a computer mouse with the other hand．Scientists have found that people who manage to change little habits often perform much．better in lab willpower tests．
     Like muscles，willpower can"get tired"．You should avoid trying to do too many things at the same time，or when you don't have enough energy for example when you are ill．If you already feel tired，you can try to recharge （恢复） your willpower with a good night's sleep and by eating well．
57•Thee example of a girl eating cheesecake is used toA．
     A•introduce the issue of willpower     
     B．show how easily people give in to their desires
     C．prove most girls lack willpower．
     D•indicate the connection between willpower an success
58．What can we infer from the experiment？B
     A•The scientists did not expect the results to turn out as they did．
     B•The children who chose to wait were likely to succeed in their future careers and lives．
     C•It indicated that willpower is the most important factor for success．
     D•The children who only accepted one marshmallow at that start had stronger willpower．
 59．Why can we say that willpower is like our muscles？D
     a．You shouldn't overuse it．．
     b．Rest and good food are good for it．
     c•Setting goals is good for it．
     d•It needs regular exercise．
     A．abc            B．acd               C．bcd             D．abd         
60．What is the article mainly about？C
     A•What the effect of willpower is．
     B•How willpower and muscles are similar．
     C•The significance of willpower and how we can strengthen it．
     D•How willpower is linked to success．

分析 本文是一篇调查报告．科学家通过调查发现，意志力是成功和幸福生活的关键，而缺乏意志力的人往往从事低收入的工作，可能会有肥胖、吸毒、酗酒、自杀等问题．不过不要绝望．鲍迈斯特说我们可以训练我们的意志力就像我们训练我们的肌肉．我们要经常地、从一点点地做起．

解答 57．A．归纳理解题．本文是介绍意志力的重要性，文章第一段以小女孩为例是为了引出文章的话题，即第二段的最后一句"scientists now say that willpower （意志力） is the key to success and a happy life．"故选A．
58．B．推理判断题．根据第五段Years later，scientists found that the children who had waited for two marshmallows were all healthier，happier and richer adults．描述，可知那些会等待的孩子生活更成功些．故选B．
59．D．由文章最后一段的Like muscles，willpower can"get tired"．可知a是对的；文章的最后一句"you can try to recharge （恢复） your willpower with a good night's sleep and by eating well"可知b是对的；由倒数第三段的"．Even a little practice can strengthen our overall self-control as long as we do it regularly and frequently．"可知d是对的；文章没有提及定目标，所以排除c，故选D．
60．C．主旨大意题．文章1至5段介绍了意志力对成功的重要性；第六段到最后告诉我们可以像锻炼肌肉一样锻炼意志力．故选C．

点评 调查报告或者研究报告类的阅读理解目的在于与读者分享新的发现，其发现往往出现在第一段，而文章的结尾处往往有论点或发现的概括，或研究的弊端、或研究的后续方向，所以读这类文章的时候要特别关注首段和尾段．解题的过程中强调整体把握的基础上依据原文细节推敲推断．

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