题目内容
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。(满分２５分)
After my brother died in an accident , my mother was inconsolable(痛苦的，极其伤心的). I was only 4 years old at that time, but I still understood the seismic shift（地震的改变） in my mom’s attitude towards safety. Suddenly, everything around us was potentially dangerous.
I grew up with a lot of restrictions（限制）that were meant to protect me. I couldn’t walk home from school by myself even though everyone I knew already did. I couldn’t attend parties, or go to summer camp, because what if something happened to me. My life was divided into “things you should avoid” and “things you needed to do in order to have a good , long life”.
I became a natural worrier. I worried about things like getting cancert, losing my wallet, car accidents, and earthquakes-disasters big and small, real and imagined.
When I was 14, my mother died suddenly in a car accident. That loss, on top of my brother’s unnatural death, could have paralyzed(瘫痪) me. But at my mom’s funeral, I made a choice. I could either live out the rest of my life trying to be “safe” or I could be brave enough to live out a fulfilling, exciting and, yes, sometimes dangerous life.
I began constantly forcing myself to do the things that frighten or worry me. In fact, I’ve developed a rule for myself: If it scares（使….害怕） me, I have to do it at least once. I’ve done lots of things that my mom would have worried about: I’ve ridden a motorcycle, I’ve dived, I’ve tried rock-climbing, I’ve traveled a lot.
Courage（勇气，勇敢） isn’t a natural attribute (性格) of human beings. I believe that we have to practice being courageous; using courage is like developing a muscle. The more often I do things that scare me, the more I realize that I can do a lot more than I originally thought I could. I’ve also come to believe that fear can be good thing if we face it.
写作内容
1. 以约３０词概括以上短文的主要内容；
2. 然后以约１２０词写一篇短文谈谈你对培养勇气的看法，并包括如下要点：
1).勇气是否需要后天的培养；
2).以你自己成长的经历（真实的或虚拟的）举例说明。
写作要求:
可参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文句子。
The passage tells us that after her brother’s unnatural death, the author feared lots of things. But at her mother’s funeral, she decided to cultivate her courage by doing things that frightened her and she gradually became brave.
I can’t agree more with the author’s opinion that people are not born brave. Courage , like many other virtues, is cultivated rather than endowed with. If you are not born a courageous person, you still can become one if you try to be.
Once I was a shy girl in my class. I dared not put up my hand to answer any question. My mother became really worried about my extreme shyness. She asked all my teachers to tell me to stand up and answer questions no matter whether I put up my hand or not. She forced me to take part in the singing competition. She even set a rule for me that I must say hello first loudly when I came across any acquaintance. I was very painful at first. I blushed, I trembled, and I sweated. But I gradually got used to it. I spoke with a very low voice at first, but as time went by, I could speak louder and louder. Now I do not fear to speak in public at all.
So what the author believed is true, as far as my experience is concerned. Courage can be cultivated, if you try your best.
解析
阅读下面的短文，然后从A-F选项中，为每一小段选择合适的标题, 并把答案写在答案卷上。
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A. The most common problem is a “wandering” mind B. Selective listening is also a mental barrier C. Listening isn’t an easy skill to master D. Attitude can also influence good listening E. Noise and background music makes listening more difficult F. Listening is also related to the level of the listener’s knowledge |
1._____________
Listening is not as easy as someone thought. Even good listeners may recall only fifty percent of what they hear. Retention, the ability to remember and recall information, decreases about twenty to twenty-five percent after a few days. So no matter how well you listen in class, you’re always going to have to refresh your memory before a test! Unfortunately, many people have poor listening habits, and little listening training. To improve your listening skills, it’s important to understand what causes poor listening.
2.___________
If you find it difficult to concentrate solely on what a speaker is saying, there’s a good reason. The mind processes information much faster than a speaker can speak. The brain can process over 500 words per minute, while the average speaker talks at a rate of 124 to 250 words per minute. That means the mind can hear what’s being said and can think about something else at the same time.
3.____________
If you have a negative idea about the speaker or the topic, you’ll find it difficult to listen attentively. Hostile or captive audiences often have more difficultly listening than do favorable or voluntary ones.
4.____________
If a speaker speaks “above the heads” of an audience, people find it difficult to concentrate. Speakers who use unfamiliar words or who use incomplete explanations make it more difficult to listen. Speakers who “speak down” to audiences, failing to acknowledge what the audience already knows, also create mental blocks.
5.___________
When people listen selectively, they simply block out what they don’t want to hear. For instance, many people have habits that are dangerous to their health, like smoking. However, they often choose to block out what a speaker says about health risks. They may listen to a speech and think that the speaker’s message applies to other people, not them. In other words, they hear what they want to hear and ignore what they don’t want to hear.