- Factories are not allowed to put their waste water into the river. - . It has been polluted so seriously. [ ]A. EntirelyB. FrequentlyC. Exactly D. Simply 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

— Factories are not allowed to put their waste water into the river.
— _____. It has been polluted so seriously.

[ ]

A. Entirely
B. Frequently
C. Exactly
D. Simply

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An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, ____ to be built here.

A. are B. were C. is D. will

I once had a house guest from Cuba. During his visit, I happened to throw an old broken blender (搅拌机) in the trash. The next day it was sitting on my counter – in working order. In his world, people simply cannot afford to replace an item which doesn't work properly. They take the time and figure out how to fix it. In Cuba, they are still driving cars from the 1960’s, mainly because they do not have a choice.

In contrast, the U.S. is a “throw-away society.” Statistics show that each American produces six pounds of trash per day. I believe a combination of factors has contributed to this phenomenon.

“Planned obsolescence(废弃)” is not a secret. It is a manufacturing (制造业) philosophy developed in the 1920’s and 1930’s, when mass production became popular. The goal is to make a product or part that will fail, or become less desirable over time or after a certain amount of use. This pressures the consumer to buy again.

Planned obsolescence does keep costs down. Instead of making an expensive product that will last a long time, businesses produce more affordable, disposable(一次性的) items. Some electronic items have become so inexpensive that it is cheaper to replace them than to repair them.

Busy people often value their time and convenience more than money. If a car starts to have mechanical problems, replacing it with a newer, more reliable model may be more appealing than tolerating it being in the garage for a week.

In addition, advertising trains consumers to want what is new and improved. It convinces them that the more they have, the happier they will be.

Unlike people in many developing countries, we live in a world of abundance. A study by Dr. Timothy Jones of the University of Arizona also found that in the U.S., 40-50 percent of all food ready for harvest is wasted. Abundance and waste soon became closely associated in the American way of life.

1.In Cuba, people usually fix a broken item instead of buying a new one because __________.

A. wasting is prohibited there B. they are poor

C. they are interested in fixing things D. they live a low-carbon life

2.According to the article, planned obsolescence ___________.

A. began before mass production became popular

B. is intended to encourage consumers to buy more things

C. results in higher prices of items

D. requires factories to produce high-quality products

3.Which of the following is NOT true about the “throw-away society” in the U.S.?

A. People prefer to buy a new blender rather than repair the broken one.

B. A large quantity of food has been wasted.

C. People believe that the more they have, the happier they will be.

D. People all hold the belief that money comes first.

4.What may be the writer’s attitude towards a throw-away society?

A. Supportive. B. Critical. C. Tolerant. D. Optimistic.

Shanghai is the largest city in China with well-developed business and industry, and also holds a leading place in China's arts, sciences and education. About eleven million people make their homes in Shanghai. This enormous city spreads out along the banks of the Huang Pu River, which flows into the mouth of the Yangtze River about fourteen miles north.

Shanghai began as a fishing village in the 11th century, but by the mid-18th century it was an important area for growing cotton. After 1842 when China lost the Opium War with Great Britain, the British realized that Shanghai was in an excellent location to serve as a seaport for the densely populated Yangtze River Plain. They forced the Chinese government to allow English traders to settle on the wastelands outside the

city walls. Later, French, American, and Japanese traders also came to Shanghai and were allowed to live in certain territorial zones without being under the Chinese laws. The foreigners built whole new sections of Shanghai, including homes, stores, factories, and office buildings. Thousands of Chinese poured into Shanghai in search of jobs, most of whom settled in the old part of the city. As a result of all the foreigners, Shanghai became greatly influenced by Western culture.

During the 1900s, opium sales along with the gambling brought in big profits. After the Anti-Japanese War in 1945, the Nationalist Chinese government took over the city. In 1949, Shanghai was liberated and administrated under the Communist Chinese government. Since the 1990s, Shanghai has developed quickly and has become a new international metropolis in China and will host the World Expo in 2010.

1. The British first wanted to settle Shanghai because .

A. they wanted to build stores and factories here

B. they thought the place was beautiful and fit for living

C. they realized that it was a very good location for a seaport

D. they wanted to take control of the Yangtze River Plain

2. Which of the following statements about Shanghai in the 1900s is True?

A. It was an important centre for growing cotton.

B. Shanghai was important only, because it was a big seaport city.

C. Opium and cotton sales brought in huge profits.

D. Foreign settlers in Shanghai were free from Chinese laws.

3. What's the main idea of the second paragraph?

A. Shanghai' development into an international city.

B. Certain territorial zones for foreigners in Shanghai.

C. Brief history of Shanghai from the 11th century to the early 20th.

D. The influence of western culture on Shanghai.

4. Which of the following can replace the word "metropolis"(bold in last para.)?

A. seaport city B. big city

C. capital city D. developing city

第II卷 (共35分)?

第四部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)?

第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)

I took part in a geography research study group in last term. Our 76 ________

topic was environmental pollution and protection. We took a variety 77 ________

of pictures showed the present pollution conditions of our city. To 78 ________

our surprised, there are still a lot of people doing silly things to our 79 ________

surroundings. Some people throw the rubbish anywhere they like, 80 ________

some cars give off harmful gases, and waste water is poured in 81 ________

rivers by some factories. Worse still, people sometimes had to make 82 ________

their ways through dusty winds as a result of pollution. Through 83 ________

our research, we come to know what everybody must pay attention 84 ________

to our environment and some measures should be taken to protect. 85 ________

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