题目内容

People often view the “last” moments of an event positively simply because they signal the end of an experience, say experts.
University of Michigan researchers found that even if an experience is painful or negative, but ends on a good note, people will consider it to be positive.
“Endings are powerful,” said Ed O’Brien, a graduate student in the Department of Psychology at the University of Michigan.
O’Brien and colleague Phoebe Ellsworth, the Frank Murphy Distinguished Professor of Law and Psychology, conducted a chocolate tasting experiment with 52 college students to test the theory.
Volunteers could taste five different Hershey’s Kisses chocolates—milk, dark, cream, caramel and almond – but did not know in advance how many pieces they would eat or the type. Participants rated how much they enjoyed the chocolate and described each flavor so that the researchers could record the order in which the randomly (随机的) selected treats were eaten.
Volunteers were assigned to the “next” or the “last ” condition by chance.
In the “next” condition, the experimenter said “Here is your next chocolate” before offering each chocolate, including the fifth.
For the “last” condition, the experimenter said “Here is your last chocolate” before offering  the fifth chocolate.
These participants rated the fifth chocolate more enjoyable than volunteers in the “next” condition.
As predicted, participants who knew they were eating the final chocolate of a taste test enjoyed it more.
In fact, when asked to pick their favorite chocolate, the majority of “last” participants chose the fifth – even though the flavor of the fifth was randomly chosen.
They also rated the overall experience as more enjoyable than volunteers who thought they were just eating one more chocolate in a series.
O’Brien says these findings may have far-reaching implications. For example, the last book or film in a series or the last speaker in a symposium (研讨会) may receive unwarranted praise.
The last job applicant, meanwhile, may look more qualified.
【小题1】Which of the following is TRUE about the experiment?

A.The majority of “last” participants chose the almond flavor as their favorite.
B.Some participants enjoyed the experiment more because the last flavor tasted better.
C.The result would be different if researchers had used another brand of chocolate.
D.Some participants didn’t know it was their last chocolate when offered the fifth one.
【小题2】What does the underlined word “unwarranted” in the second-to-last paragraph mean?
A.Fake. B.Unwanted. C.Unreasonable. D.Insincere.
【小题3】Which of the following is the best title for the article?
A.“Last” is the best.
B.Why “last” matters most.
C.It is the last step that is the hardest.
D.He who laughs last laughs best.


【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】A

解析试题分析:本文分析了为什么最后一个事物往往会给人留下最好的印象?文章具体讲述了一个与此相关的科学研究。
【小题1】D 推理题。根据文章第五段Volunteers were assigned to the “next” or the “last ” condition by chance. In the “next” condition, the experimenter said “Here is your next chocolate” before offering each chocolate, including the fifth. 可知参与者搞不清楚究竟那一颗巧克力是最后一颗,是由分发的人来确定的。故D项正确。
【小题2】C 推理题。根据本句For example, the last book or film in a series or the last speaker in a symposium (研讨会) may receive unwarranted praise.可知人们经常会认为最后的东西都是好的,使用最后一本书或者连续剧里的最后一集都会受到不知道是什么原因的赞扬。故该词表示C项含义。
【小题3】A 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段第一段People often view the “last” moments of an event positively simply because they signal the end of an experience, say experts.可知人们经常会认为最后的一个东西往往是最好的东西。接下来讨论的就是这个内容。故A正确。
考点:考察人生百态类短文阅读
点评:本文分析了为什么最后一个事物往往会给人留下最好的印象?推理题要求在理解原文表面文字信息的基础上,做出一定判断和推论,从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理题所涉及的内容可能是文中某一句话,也可是某几句话,但做题的指导思想都是以文字信息为依据,既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根据的推理,也不能根据表面文字信息做多步推理,要根据原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案。

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相关题目

New friends. Fresh lifestyle. Better career opportunities… Those are attractions of overseas study for young people in China. “Start early, finish strong,” some of them say.
More than 300 universities from 27 countries and regions were represented at last weekend’s international education exposition.

 

 
The US

       The US has always been oft the top destination list for Chinese students, with its high education standards and enough scholarships.
Good news: It's easier to get a US student visa nowadays.Last year, the refusal rate was only 20 to 30 percent, much lower than a few years before, according to US embassy.                                  
Concerns: There're a lot to prepare The TOFEL, GRE… It's longer time to apply to US universities than schools in the UK or Australia.
Useful link: www.Usemhassy.org.cn                 

The UK

 
 


Easier access to visas and international environment are the UK's great attractions for Chinese students.
Good news: There are many new scholarships this year, both from the government and universities, such as the Scotland International Scholarship.
Concerns: Money.Money.Money.It's expensive to study in the UK, with an average cost of 200, 000 to 300, 000 yuan a year.
Useful link; www.educationuk.org.en

 

 
Canada

       Canada's multicultural environment is good for students' studies and careers.
Good news: Students are allowed to take off-campus part-tim'e job's during their studies from last year.It'll help pay living expenses.
Students can get two-year work permits after graduation.
Concerns: Only a limited number of scholarships are available.
They rarely cover the full cost of a study program.
Useful link; www.studycanada.en

 

 
Australia

       Good climate, high quality education and favorable immigration policy—these make Australia one of the most popular choices among Chinese students.
Good news: A new E-visa policy ensures a quick application process (four weeks compared with 12 weeks before).                                
Concerns: Tuition fees have risen in past years.The total cost is about 200, 000 yuan to attend a university located in big cities like sydney or Melbourne.
Useful link; www.students, idp.corn
【小题1】If you want to have more chances of getting scholarship to study in a foreign country, you'd better choose_____.
A.CanadaB.the UKC.the USD.Australia
【小题2】Many young people go to study in the US because _____.
A.it is very difficult for them to get a student visa
B.it is easier for them to pass the TOFEL or GRE
C.they don't spend much time applying to US universities
D.they think they can receive good university education
【小题3】If you want to go on staying in the country after you finish studying there, you will choose ______.
A.Australia or the UKB.Canada or Australia
C.the US or the UKD.Canada or the UK
【小题4】In which of the following countries may money be the most concern while studying abroad?
A.The US &- the UK.B.The UK &- Canada.
C.The UK &- Australia.D.Canada &- the US.
【小题5】The passage is intended to give _____.
A.information for foreign study
B.advice on job seeking
C.suggestions on traveling abroad
D.tips on getting-visas

 

D

Chocolate which hepls you lose weight by actually burning calories as you eat it ? It sounds wonderful.

But unfortunately , for anyone who spent £ 37 on a 40-day supply of Slim Choc, the idea is nothing more than daydream.

The product was one of a lot of “miracle cures” marketed to Britons which had no evidence to back up their grandiose(夸大的) claims, according to the Office of Fair Trading.

The OFT said that such tricks affect 200,000 of us a year, at a cost £ 20 million . Some 78 per cent of the victims(受害人)are female, but a large number of men are also taken in by “cures”for hair loss.

OFT Director of Consumer Protection Mike Haley said,“Miracle health tricks target people who are eager to lose weight or find a cure. The products are often worthless and can even be dangerous with untested and possibly harmful ingredients(成分)。”

The OFT yesterday warned consumers about the adverts for Slim-Choc, which were contained in junk mail sent to thousands of homes acorss Britain.

     The company chaimed that eating the “slimming chocolate”could help users lose 20lbs in just 20 days, without exercising or cutting back on food.

The tricks claimed this was a “brand new revolutionary cure for the overweight”,and it was “the first and only cholcolate that burns off fat”. Thousands were persuaded to pay £ 37 for a 40-day supply.

Alice Tuff, of the Sense About Science charity, said :“The emotional and financial costs for the people who get drawn in can be huge and it is very important that we keep promoting public vigilance(警惕)in dealing with this serious problem.”

1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A.Chocolate And Health   B.Dangerous Chocolate

C.Too Good To Be True    D.Weight-loss Chocolate

2.Which of the following best states Mike’s idea?

A.The emotional and financial costs for victims can be great

B.Eating the “slimming chocolate” could help users lose weight.

C.We should deal with this weight-loss chocolate problem seriously.

D.Weight-loss chocolate may contain dangerous ingredients.

3.The company promises if you pay £ 37 for the product, you will         

A.turn to normal in 40 days,   B.loss weight without exercising

C.lose 40lbs in 20 days       D.lose weight anywhere anytime

4.The passage is written mainly for         

A.doctors   B.experts    C.consumers    D.advertisers

 

 

New friends. Fresh lifestyle. Better career opportunities… Those are attractions of overseas study for young people in China. “Start early, finish strong,” some of them say.

More than 300 universities from 27 countries and regions were represented at last weekend’s international education exposition.

 

 

The US

       The US has always been oft the top destination list for Chinese students, with its high education standards and enough scholarships.

Good news: It's easier to get a US student visa nowadays.Last year, the refusal rate was only 20 to 30 percent, much lower than a few years before, according to US embassy.                                  

Concerns: There're a lot to prepare The TOFEL, GRE… It's longer time to apply to US universities than schools in the UK or Australia.

Useful link: www.Usemhassy.org.cn                 

The UK

 

 

Easier access to visas and international environment are the UK's great attractions for Chinese students.

Good news: There are many new scholarships this year, both from the government and universities, such as the Scotland International Scholarship.

Concerns: Money.Money.Money.It's expensive to study in the UK, with an average cost of 200, 000 to 300, 000 yuan a year.

Useful link; www.educationuk.org.en

 

 

Canada

       Canada's multicultural environment is good for students' studies and careers.

Good news: Students are allowed to take off-campus part-tim'e job's during their studies from last year.It'll help pay living expenses.

Students can get two-year work permits after graduation.

Concerns: Only a limited number of scholarships are available.

They rarely cover the full cost of a study program.

Useful link; www.studycanada.en

 

 

Australia

       Good climate, high quality education and favorable immigration policy—these make Australia one of the most popular choices among Chinese students.

Good news: A new E-visa policy ensures a quick application process (four weeks compared with 12 weeks before).                                

Concerns: Tuition fees have risen in past years.The total cost is about 200, 000 yuan to attend a university located in big cities like sydney or Melbourne.

Useful link; www.students, idp.corn

1.If you want to have more chances of getting scholarship to study in a foreign country, you'd better choose_____.

A.Canada

B.the UK

C.the US

D.Australia

2.Many young people go to study in the US because _____.

A.it is very difficult for them to get a student visa

B.it is easier for them to pass the TOFEL or GRE

C.they don't spend much time applying to US universities

D.they think they can receive good university education

3.If you want to go on staying in the country after you finish studying there, you will choose ______.

A.Australia or the UK

B.Canada or Australia

C.the US or the UK

D.Canada or the UK

4.In which of the following countries may money be the most concern while studying abroad?

A.The US &- the UK.

B.The UK &- Canada.

C.The UK &- Australia.

D.Canada &- the US.

5.The passage is intended to give _____.

A.information for foreign study

B.advice on job seeking

C.suggestions on traveling abroad

D.tips on getting-visas

 

D

Chocolate which hepls you lose weight by actually burning calories as you eat it ? It sounds wonderful.

But unfortunately , for anyone who spent £ 37 on a 40-day supply of Slim Choc, the idea is nothing more than daydream.

The product was one of a lot of “miracle cures” marketed to Britons which had no evidence to back up their grandiose(夸大的) claims, according to the Office of Fair Trading.

The OFT said that such tricks affect 200,000 of us a year, at a cost £ 20 million . Some 78 per cent of the victims(受害人)are female, but a large number of men are also taken in by “cures”for hair loss.

OFT Director of Consumer Protection Mike Haley said,“Miracle health tricks target people who are eager to lose weight or find a cure. The products are often worthless and can even be dangerous with untested and possibly harmful ingredients(成分)。”

The OFT yesterday warned consumers about the adverts for Slim-Choc, which were contained in junk mail sent to thousands of homes acorss Britain.

     The company chaimed that eating the “slimming chocolate”could help users lose 20lbs in just 20 days, without exercising or cutting back on food.

The tricks claimed this was a “brand new revolutionary cure for the overweight”,and it was “the first and only cholcolate that burns off fat”. Thousands were persuaded to pay £ 37 for a 40-day supply.

Alice Tuff, of the Sense About Science charity, said :“The emotional and financial costs for the people who get drawn in can be huge and it is very important that we keep promoting public vigilance(警惕)in dealing with this serious problem.”

1.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A.Chocolate And Health   B.Dangerous Chocolate

C.Too Good To Be True    D.Weight-loss Chocolate

2.Which of the following best states Mike’s idea?

A.The emotional and financial costs for victims can be great

B.Eating the “slimming chocolate” could help users lose weight.

C.We should deal with this weight-loss chocolate problem seriously.

D.Weight-loss chocolate may contain dangerous ingredients.

3.The company promises if you pay £ 37 for the product, you will         

A.turn to normal in 40 days,   B.loss weight without exercising

C.lose 40lbs in 20 days       D.lose weight anywhere anytime

4.The passage is written mainly for         

A.doctors   B.experts    C.consumers    D.advertisers

 

New friends. Fresh lifestyle. Better career opportunities… Those are attractions of overseas study for young people in China. “Start early, finish strong,” some of them say.

More than 300 universities from 27 countries and regions were represented at last weekend’s international education exposition.

 

 
The US

       The US has always been oft the top destination list for Chinese students, with its high education standards and enough scholarships.

       Good news: It's easier to get a US student visa nowadays.Last year, the refusal rate was only 20 to 30 percent, much lower than a few years before, according to US embassy.                                  

       Concerns: There're a lot to prepare The TOFEL, GRE… It's longer time to apply to US universities than schools in the UK or Australia.

       Useful link: www.Usemhassy.org.cn                 

 

 

 

 

 

The UK

 

 

 
 


       Easier access to visas and international environment are the UK's great attractions for Chinese students.

       Good news: There are many new scholarships this year, both from the government and universities, such as the Scotland International Scholarship.

       Concerns: Money.Money.Money.It's expensive to study in the UK, with an average cost of 200, 000 to 300, 000 yuan a year.

       Useful link; www.educationuk.org.en

 

 
Canada

       Canada's multicultural environment is good for students' studies and careers.

       Good news: Students are allowed to take off-campus part-tim'e job's during their studies from last year.It'll help pay living expenses.

       Students can get two-year work permits after graduation.

       Concerns: Only a limited number of scholarships are available.

       They rarely cover the full cost of a study program.

       Useful link; www.studycanada.en

 

 
Australia

       Good climate, high quality education and favorable immigration policy—these make Australia one of the most popular choices among Chinese students.

       Good news: A new E-visa policy ensures a quick application process (four weeks compared with 12 weeks before).                                 

       Concerns: Tuition fees have risen in past years.The total cost is about 200, 000 yuan to attend a university located in big cities like sydney or Melbourne.

       Useful link; www.students, idp.corn

1.If you want to have more chances of getting scholarship to study in a foreign country, you'd better choose_____.

       A.Canada             B.the UK          C.the US         D.Australia

2.Many young people go to study in the US because _____.

       A.it is very difficult for them to get a student visa

       B.it is easier for them to pass the TOFEL or GRE

       C.they don't spend much time applying to US universities

       D.they think they can receive good university education

3.If you want to go on staying in the country after you finish studying there, you will choose ______.

       A.Australia or the UK                  B.Canada or Australia

       C.the US or the UK                    D.Canada or the UK

4.In which of the following countries may money be the most concern while studying abroad?

       A.The US &- the UK.                B.The UK &- Canada.

       C.The UK &- Australia.               D.Canada &- the US.

5.The passage is intended to give _____.

       A.information for foreign study

       B.advice on job seeking

       C.suggestions on traveling abroad

       D.tips on getting-visas

 

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