题目内容

As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows, there is far more to a family meal than food. Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out just how much more.

Lewis and his co-workers carried out their study by videotaping(录像) the families while they ate ordinary meals in their own homes. They found that parents with small families talk actively with each other and their children. But as the number of children gets larger, conversation gives way to the parents’ efforts to control the loud noise they make. That can have an important effect on the children. “In general the more question-asking the parents do, the higher the children’s IQ scores,” Lewis says. “And the more children there are, the less question-asking there is.”

The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings(兄弟姐妹). Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child, who has the most to talk about, and the youngest, who needs the most attention. “Middle children are invisible,” says Lewis. “When you see someone get up from the table and walk around during dinner, chances are that it’s the middle child.” There is, however, one thing that stops all conversation and prevents anyone from having attention: “When the TV is on,” Lewis says, “dinner is a non-event.”

1.Parents with large families ask fewer questions at dinner because ______.

A.they are busy serving food to their children

B.they are busy keeping order at the dinner table

C.they have to pay more attention to younger children

D.they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family

2.By saying “Middle children are invisible” in paragraph 3, Lewis means that middle children ______.

A.have to help their parents to serve dinner

B.get the least attention from the family

C.are often kept away from the dinner table

D.find it hard to keep up with other children

3.Lewis’ research provides an answer to the question ______.

A.why TV is important in family life

B.why parents should keep good order

C.why children in small families seem to be quieter

D.why middle children seem to have more difficulties in life

4.Which of the following statements would the writer agree to?

A.It is important to have the right food for children.

B.It is a good idea to have the TV on during dinner.

C.Parents should talk to each of their children frequently.

D.Elder children should help the younger ones at dinner.

5.The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to ______.

A.show the relationship between parents and children.

B.teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table.

C.report on the findings of a study.

D.give information about family problems.

 

【答案】

1.C

2.B

3.B

4.D

5.C

【解析】

试题分析:本文是一篇说明文,说明了本文Lewis对于普通的家庭进行了一次调查,结果发现孩子少的家庭,在吃饭时,孩子与父母的交流很积极,但是在孩子多的大家庭,父母主要去维持秩序不让孩子吵闹,在有三四个孩子的家里,最大和最小的孩子容易得到家长的关心,中间的孩子很少得到关心

1.细节题,由最后一段倒数第五行and the youngest, who needs the most attention可以知道答案,故选C。

2.推理题,由最后一句one thing that stops all conversation and prevents anyone from having attention: “When the TV is on,” Lewis says, “dinner is a non-event.可以推出答案,所以选B。

3.细节题,由第一段第一句As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows,可以知道答案,所以选B

4.推理题,由本文的主要意思可以推出答案,所以选D

5.推理题,由第一段最后一句Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out just how much more可以推出答案,所以选C

考点:本篇是一篇说明文

点评:做细节题的关键是找出原文的根据,认真核查题支和原文的异同,常犯错误有:绝对化语言,范围扩大或缩小,以偏概全,张冠李戴等。推断题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力,要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑关系,对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断;或根据作者所阐述的观点理论,对文章未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文,完整了解信息,准确把握作者观点。

 

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Life is difficult.

 It is a great truth because once we truly understand and accept it, then life is no longer difficult.

Most do not fully see this truth. Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy. It seems to them that difficulties represent(代表) a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families, their class, or even their nation.

What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one. Problems, depending on their nature, cause in us sadness or loneliness or regret or anger or fear. These are uncomfortable feelings, often as painful as any kind of physical pain. And since life causes an endless series of problems, life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy.

Yet, it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning.

Problems are the serious test that tells us success from failure. When we desire to encourage the growth of the human spirit, we encourage the human ability(能力) to solve problems, just as in school we set problems for our children to solve. It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn. As Benjamin Franklin said, “Those things that hurt, instruct.” It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems.

56. From the passage, it can be inferred that ______.

A. everybody has problems          

B. we become stronger by facing and solving the problems of life

C. life is difficult because our problems bring us pain

D. people like to complain about their problems

57.The writer probably used just one short sentence in the first paragraph to ______.

A. save space                B. persuade readers 

C. make readers laugh         D. get reader's attention

58. The main idea of paragraph 3 is that ______.

A. most people feel life is easy     

B. the writer feels life is easy

C. the writer likes to complain about his problems

D. most people complain about how hard their lives are

59. According to the passage, we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to ______.

A. encourage them to learn  

B. teach them to fear the pain of solving problems

C. help them learn to deal with pain

D. teach them how to respect for problems

A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce (确保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically these sleepyhead students aren’t used to the early hour.

“Maybe these kids are being asked to rise at the wrong time for their bodies,” says Mary Carskadon, a professor looking at problem of adolescent  (青春期的) sleep at Brown’s School of Medicine.

Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents. And, at a more basic level. she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns.

Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought.

Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at nigh and sleep later in the morning. But it’s not just a matter of choice –their bodies are going through a change of sleep patters.

All of this makes the transfer from middle school to high school—which may start one hour earlier in the morning  ---- all the more difficult , Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the “sleep late, rise late” pattern, adolescent are up against difficulties when it conics to trying to be up by 5 or 6 a.m. for a 7:30 a.m. first hell. A short sleep on a desktop may be their body’s way of saying. “I need a timeout.”

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A. it is really tough for parents to enforce bedtime

B. it is biologically difficult for students to rise early

C. students work so late at night that they can’t get up early

D. students are so lazy that they don’t like to go to school early

The underlined phrase “nod off” most probably means “ _______”.

A. turn around    B. agree with others  C. fall asleep  D. refuse to work

What might be a reason for the hard transfer from middle school to high school?

A. Adolescents depend more on their parents.

B. Adolescents have to choose their sleep patterns.

C. Adolescents sleep better than they did at childhood.

D. Adolescents need more sleep than they used to.

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C. Adolescent sleep difficulties.   D. Changes in adolescent sleep needs and patterns.


第二节:完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
Learning values and character at home is as important as any schoolwork. We all hope that the very values  36  are important to each of us are 37  along to our children. Often,  38 , that hope is challenged by a great many of pop culture messages, peer pressure (同伴压力), and overscheduled lives.
In the real world of jobs and career, people are 39  by two standards: Their professional skills and their  40  abilities.  41  grade school, high school, and college can teach skills and proficiency, it’s  42  parents to teach children the characters that make for 43  in the real world—a cooperative attitude,  44 , optimism and honesty. So take the work  45 . Send your kids into the world ready to  46  not only the tasks of life but its difficulties with character.
You really can’t start soon enough.  47 , children need personal integrity (个人操守) and morals as much as any adult.  48  the 5 to 10 most important messages you want your children to truly understand. Then think through  49  to teach these lessons. Talking to your kids should be only  50  of the plan. Letting them  51  honesty in action—through your own behaviour, by 52  films about great people together, or even by visiting a courtroom—is the  53  way to pass the message.
By identifying the specific  54  you would like to see in your children, you’re more likely to  55   those characters. So make a point of it.
36. A. which                B. that               C. who             D.  /
37. A. handed                 B. given                C. belonged         D. passed
38. A. therefore              B. however            C. thus            D. besides
39. A. chosen                     B. divided            C. selected        D. judged
40. A. personal               B. outstanding         C. collective         D. genetic
41. A. While                B. When               C. Until           D. Unless
42. A. for                       B. to                C. on to           D. up to 
43. A. work                      B. success             C. grow           D. maturity
44. A. depression            B. encouragement       C. creativity       D. desertion
45. A. quickly                    B. eventually           C. seriously      D. obviously
46. A. face                      B. achieve              C. make              D. handle
47. A. First of all           B. After all             C. In all               D. All in all
48. A. Work out            B. Go over             C. Write down     D. Get through
49. A. how                  B. what               C. where         D. why
50. A. root                B. base                C. all            D. part
51. A. witness              B. stare                  C. gaze         D. scan
52. A. reading                    B. scanning            C. watching     D. examining
53. A. easiest                     B. strongest            C. cruelest        D. simplest
54. A. problems            B. manners            C. wonders       D. characters
55. A. strengthen           B. forget              C. remind            D. tear

As any homemaker who has tried to keep order at the dinner table knows, there is far more to a family meal than food. Sociologist Michael Lewis has been studying 50 families to find out just how much more.
Lewis and his co-workers carried out their study by videotaping(录像) the families while they ate ordinary meals in their own homes. They found that parents with small families talk actively with each other and their children. But as the number of children gets larger, conversation gives way to the parents’ efforts to control the loud noise they make. That can have an important effect on the children. “In general, the more question-asking the parents do, the higher the children’s IQ scores,” Lewis says. “And the more children there are, the less question-asking there is. ”
The study also provides an explanation for why middle children often seem to have a harder time in life than their siblings(兄弟姐妹). Lewis found that in families with three or four children, dinner conversation is likely to center on the oldest child, who has the most to talk about, and the youngest, who needs the most attention. “Middle children are invisible,” says Lewis. “When you see someone get up from the table and walk around during dinner, chances are it’s the middle child.” There is, however, one thing that stops all conversation and prevents anyone from having attention: “When the TV is on,” Lewis says, “dinner is a non-event.”
【小题1】The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to ______.

A.report on the findings of a study
B.teach parents ways to keep order at the dinner table
C.show the relationship between parents and children
D.give information about family problems
【小题2】Parents with large families ask fewer questions at dinner because ______.
A.they are busy serving food to their children
B.they have to pay more attention to younger children
C.they are busy keeping order at the dinner table
D.they are tired out having prepared food for the whole family
【小题3】By saying “Middle children are invisible” in paragraph 3, Lewis means that middle children ______.
A.have to help their parents to serve dinner
B.find it hard to keep up with other children
C.are often kept away from the dinner table
D.get the least attention from the family
【小题4】Which of the following statements would the writer agree to?
A.Parents should talk to each of their children frequently.
B.It is a good idea to have the TV on during dinner.
C.It is important to have the right food for children.
D.Elder children should help the younger ones at dinner.


C
Snoopy and Lou were robbers. Half a year ago, they decided to plan another bank robbery. It was to be their last one. Then they would give up this business and live a comfortable life. The job was so well done that the judge who sent them to prison for fifteen years each said it was the cleverest robbery of the century, and what a pity it was that their car had used up its petrol not far from the bank.
After they were in prison for a few weeks, Snoopy and Lou decided to escape. Soon they worked out a plan as good as any they had ever made. Even the smallest points were considered carefully. They planned as a team because they lived in the same room, and because the guards, who had a great deal of respect for the famous robbers, left them very much alone. They decided the quickest and safest way to escape was to squeeze themselves along a drain form their present workplace in the prison to a quiet country road on the other side of the prison wall.
The great day arrived, and the pair started along the drain. With great difficulty, they squeezed themselves along for what seemed ages. In half an hour , they could see daylight. When they got out, the men were so pleased with themselves at their success that they sloped each other on the back. It was only then that they realized they were not alone. They looked around, they found themselves facing thirty astonished policemen, who were carrying musical instruments of various sorts. The next morning, the same judge seemed very sorry as he told Snoopy and Lou that the plan of the prison drain system, which they had studied so carefully, was more than twenty years old, and that the quiet country road was no longer there. The drain now led directly to the parade ground where the police band had just finished practicing when the two robbers appeared before them.
64.What was Snoopy and Lou’s plan to escape from the prison?
A.They planned to run away while working
in the prison workplace.
B.They planned to climb over the prison wall, on the other side of which was a quiet country road.
C.They planned to crawl along the drain which led to a country road
D.They planned to get to the parade ground through the drain which was empty when the police band was not practicing.
65.Snoopy and Lou failed in their plan to escape because_________.
A.they did not play well before hand
B.they were not quick enough in their action
C.the policemen had been keeping a watchful eye on them
D.the map of the prison drain system they used was out of date
66.According to this article, which of the following statements is true?
A.When Snoopy and Lou went out of the drain, thirty policemen were waiting for them.
B.When Snoopy and Lou found themselves facing thirty policemen, they turned round and ran in the direction of the country road.
C.The policemen caught Snoopy and Lou by chance
D.The policemen were frightened more than surprised when the two robbers suddenly appeared before them
67.It seemed the judge________.
A.admired Snoopy and Lou for their cleverness
B.felt very proud to try the two famous robbers for their crime
C.was very angry at Snoopy and Lou’s breaking the law again and again
D.was sad at Snoopy and Lou’s breaking the law again

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