题目内容

Exposed soil isn’t part of nature’s master plan. Good examples where soil is naturally found with no plants growing in are beneath freshly removed trees, or where the ground has been burnt by a land fire. In these situations bare soil isn’t bare for long; within days seedlings (芽) begin to appear and cover the ground. In a few months’ time, the scar is hardly noticeable.

Unlike these natural examples, ploughed (耕犁) fields and freshly dug gardens are obvious examples created by man. But, left to nature, even these bare soils soon turn green with a large number of tiny seedlings. In fields, gardens and on grasslands, roadside and sports fields, along streets and on paths and pavements, we are constantly battling to stop weeds from growing. All we are doing is stop the recovering powers of nature.

Whenever soil is exposed, weeds act like a kind of medicine to reduce the potentially harmful rays of the sun, so the sooner plant growth covers the soil over again, the better.

Weeds also help to improve the fertility (肥沃) of the soil. Their roots get the soil together, improving its structure and creating a more stable environment in which soil life can grow fast. Those weeds with a deep root draw up plant nutrients from deeper in the ground, making them available to plants growing near the soil surface. Above ground, the stems (茎) of weeds help trap fallen leaves which break down into the soil, adding to the fertility of the soil.

As the soil becomes more fertile, different kinds of plants start to replace the “pioneering” weeds. Bushes move in to take the place by gradually shading them out, followed in turn by trees, which eventually push up through the bushes, finally shading them out too. Fallen leaves from the bushes and trees carry on the job of building soil fertility that was begun by those very first weeds that grew on the bare soil. Then, when one of these mature trees is removed in a storm, leaving a wound of bare soil in the earth, the whole process starts again.

1.When will soil be left bare?

A. A land fire has just happened. B. A young tree is planted in.

C. No one ploughs the land. D. No crops are planted in.

2.Which of the following prevents the bare soil from recovering?

A. Seedlings appearing in gardens.

B. Reducing harmful rays of the sun.

C. Removing weeds from pavements.

D. Replacing plants in sports fields.

3.What can weeds do for the soil?

A. They create soil life.

B. They help improve the soil.

C. They get nutrients from the sun.

D. They break down fallen leaves.

4.How can the soil remain fertile after trees move in?

A. By adding more weeds to the soil.

B. By taking out the weeds constantly.

C. By removing the previous bushes.

D. By making use of the fallen leaves.

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When you need to see a doctor, surely you will want to see a good one. But there is one important thing you may never have thought about: Has your doctor rested enough?

Doctors in our country often have to work 34 hours or longer without sleep. Most of them work 104 hours a week, and some even 150. (There are only 168 hours a week!) One report said that a doctor who works such long hours cannot think more clearly than a drunk driver. Another found that doctors who sleep 5.8 fewer hours than the week before might make 22% more serious mistakes. Surely no one wants to get in a car that is driven by a drunk driver. So, how safe would you feel when you are under the care of a tired doctor?

Sadly this problem has been around for a long time. There are no laws about it yet and hospital bosses don’t look like they care either. And that is why we doctors are asking you to join us on the street this Sunday. Fight together with us on the street so we can fight better for your life in the hospital.

Time: 1 p. m. July 15 Place: City Hospital Square

1.How long do doctors often have to work per week in the country?

A. 34 hours. B. 104 hours.

C. 150 hours. D. 168 hours.

2.What does the underlined word “Another” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A. A country. B. A doctor.

C. A report. D. A driver.

3.Why does the writer compare a tired doctor with a drunk driver?

A. To find out who can think more clearly.

B. To give an example of a common disease.

C. To show who can work longer without sleep.

D. To give the reader a clear idea of the danger.

4.What is the purpose of the text?

A. To warn doctors not to work too long.

B. To get support for the fight for doctors.

C. To tell people how to find a good doctor.

D. To call for a law against drunk driving.

In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day, 27 kids _________“The Thinking Laboratory.” That was the ___________ students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too _________.

Freddy was an average ___________, but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情). He would _________ the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s _________.

Before the school year___________,I gave the kids a special _____________, T-shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your_________ ” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词)may seem dull, most of the________ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.

Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide __________ on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his ________ from high school and remained the same ________ person I met forty years before. Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man ________in his truck. Another time, he ________a friend money to buy a house.

Just last year, I was __________ a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __________ the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and __________ it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a __________ from Freddy’s mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”

I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all__________something from Freddy.

1.A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran

2.A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan

3.A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull

4.A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker

5.A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh

6.A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake

7.A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended

8.A. lesson B. gift C. report D. message

9.A. friends B. Awards C. Masters D. Tasks

10.A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever

11.A. assessments B. comments C. instructions D. updates

12.A. graduation B. retirement C. separation D. resignation

13.A. daring B. modest C. caring D. smart

14.A. wait B. sleep C. study D. live

15.A. paid B. charged C. lent D. owed

16.A. observing B. preparing C. designing D. conducting

17.A. regretted B. avoided C. excused D. ignored

18.A. opened B. packed C. gave D. held

19.A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary

20.A. chose B. took C. expected D. borrowed

It seems that we are one step closer to finding alien life and maybe a future home for humanity. Scientists from NASA (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) have found a new solar system filled with planets that look like Earth and could even support life.

The group of seven planets, which orbits a star called Trappist-1, is 40 light years away from Earth in the constellation of Aquarius(水瓶座). And three of them are in the so-called “habitable (宜居的)zone” ----the area around a star where liquid water is most likely to be found. This is important because water is a necessary ingredient for life.

All of the planets were found using a method called “transit photometry.” This works by watching out for when a planet passes in front of its host start. This blocks out a small amount of light, allowing us to see the planet and learn about its size.

“This is an amazing planetary system---not only because we have found so many planets, but because they are all surprisingly similar in size to the Earth,” astronomer Michael Gillon from the University of Liege in Belgium told The Independent.

Trappist-1 is a “dwarf star (矮星)” which is colder and shines dimmer than our sun. If a person were on one of the seven planets, everything would look a lot darker than usual. The amount of light heading toward our eyes would be about 200 times less than we get from the sun, according to The Independent.

Because of that, Trappist-1, together with many other dwarf stars, was never on the list of places where scientists look for alien life. but Michael Gillon, lead researcher behind the discovery, decided to give dwarf stars a chance. He built a telescope in Chile to observe 60 of the closest dwarf stars, and it turned out that Trappist-1 was worthy of the effort.

The researchers hope that they can spend more time watching the newly found planets to learn more about them. Even though more research is needed before determining whether these planets could really support life, the discovery is still encouraging. It shows just how many Earth-size planets could be out there.

“The discovery gives us a hint that finding a second Earth is not just a matter of if, but when,” NASA scientist Thomas Zurbuchen told the Telegraph.

1.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the newly found planets?

A. It will take human beings about 40 years to travel to them

B. Some of them might have the proper conditions to support life

C. They are spread out in the habitable zone around Trappist-1

D. Underground ice has been found in some them

2.“Transit photometry” is a special method mainly used to ________.

A. tell apart different stars

B. test the brightness of stars

C. search for and measure planets

D. work out the distance between stars

3.We can infer from the article that _______.

A. scientists will soon find an Earth-like planet that can support human life

B. researchers know a little about the environment on the newly found planets

C. dwarf stars have long been a popular choice in the hunt for Earth-like planets

D. the size of a planet is the top concern when scientists search for a “second Earth”

4.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

A. Life in space soon?

B. Any aliens in space?

C. Trappist-1, a dark dwarf star

D. New record, seven new solar systems

One day, a poor young man went to Paris to visit one of his father’s friends and ______ that his father’s friend could help him find a simple job for living.

“Are you good at math?” his father’s friend asked him.

The young man shook his head.

“How are your history and geography?”

The young man shook his head again.

“How about your law?”

The young man ______ his head embarrassedly.

His father’s friend asked again and again, ______ the young man could only shake his head and told him he himself couldn’t find out any ______. “Then write down your address first.”

The young man wrote down his address and turned to leave, but he was stopped by his father’s friend. “Your name is written very ______, which is your advantage. You shouldn’t satisfy yourself with finding a job only for ______.”

Years later, the young man wrote the classical works that won the world fame. He was Alexandre Dumas, a famous French writer of 18th century. One of his greatest works ______ The Three Musketeers was popular ______ a great number of readers.

There are many ordinary persons in the world who ______ have many advantages, but they are neglected (忽视) because of their self-abasement (自卑). In fact, there is a gold mine (矿) in every ordinary life. If you’re willing to dig, you will dig out treasures to ______ yourself.

1.A. wondered B. expected C. thought

2.A. touched B. lowered C. raised

3.A. so B. or C. but

4.A. ideas B. chances C. advantages

5.A. badly B. carefully C. beautifully

6.A. fun B. house C. living

7.A. written B. called C. read

8.A. with B. for C. by

9.A. both B. all C. every

10.A. surprise B. intent C. believe

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