Question

When an ant dies, other ants move the dead insect out. Sometimes, the dead ant get moved away very soon—within an hour of dying. This behavior is interesting to scientists, who wonder how ants know for sure—and so soon—that another ant is dead.

One scientist recently came up with a way to explain this ant behavior. Dong-Hwan Choe is a biologist. Choe found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, “I’m dead—take me away.”

But there’s a twist to Choe’s discovery. Choe says that the living ants—not just the dead ones—have this death chemical. In other words, while an ant crawls around, perhaps in a picnic or home, it’s telling other ants that it’s dead.

What keeps ants from dragging away the living ants？Choe found that Argentine ants have two additional chemicals on their bodies, and these tell nearby ants something like, “Wait—I’m not dead yet.” So Choe’s research turned up two sets of chemical signals in ants: one says, “I’m dead,” and the other set says, “I’m not dead yet.”

Other scientists have tried to figure out how ants know when another ant is dead. If an ant is knocked unconscious, for example, other ants leave it alone until it wakes up. That means ants know that unmoving ants can still be alive.

Choe suspects that when an Argentine ant dies, the chemical that says “Wait-I’m not dead yet” quickly goes away. Once that chemical is gone, only the one that says “I’m dead” is left. “It’s because the dead ant no longer smells like a living ant that it gets carried to the graveyard, not because its body releases(释放) new unique chemicals after death,” said Choe. When other ants detect the “dead” chemical without the “not dead yet” chemical, they drag away the body.

Understanding this behavior may help scientists figure out how to stop Argentine ants from invading new places and causing problems. Choe would like to find a way to use the newly discovered chemicals to spread ant killer to Argentine ant nests.

The ants’ removal behavior is important to the overall health of the nest. “Being able to quickly remove dead individuals and other possible sources of disease is extremely important to all animals living in societies, including us,” says Choe. “Think about all the effort and money that we invest daily in waste management.”

1.The underlined word “twist” in Paragraph 3 means             .

A．an unexpected change                   B．a clear mistake

C．an important key                        D．a shocking conclusion

2.Ants judge whether another one is dead or not depending on            .

A．the sense of taste                       B．the sense of smell

C．the sense of touch                      D．the sense of sight

3.The result of the research can be used to            .

A．kill troublesome pests

B．solve the problem of endangered species

C．prevent further expansion of the ants’ territory

D．keep the balance of nature

4.Why is it important to remove dead individuals?

A．Because it is easier to manage the living.

B．Because it can save money to deal with the waste.

C．Because it can provide more space for the living.

D．Because it can keep the living from suffering disease.

5.What might be the best title of the text?

A．Dead or living? It is easy to judge

B．Pulling away the dead ants is a difficult task

C．Ant nests have great undertaking capacity

D．Leaving it alone or taking it away? Ants feel puzzled

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.A

2.B

3.C

4.D

5.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文介绍的是对蚂蚁死了还是活着的判断，介绍了蚂蚁的、发出化学物质的气味来告诉人们具体的信息。

1.A 推理题。根据本句But there’s a twist to Choe’s discovery. Choe says that the living ants—not just the dead ones—have this death chemical.说明这里的twust是指和以前不一样，因为活的蚂蚁不仅仅那些死的蚂蚁都有这样的化学物质。故这里的twist是指没有预料到的改变，故A正确。

2.B 细节题。根据第二段2，3行Choe found that Argentine ants have a chemical on the outside of their bodies that signals to other ants, “I’m dead—take me away.说明蚂蚁的身上有这样的化学物质，发出了这样的气味，故B正确。

3.C 推理题。根据文章最后一段前3行Understanding this behavior may help scientists figure out how to stop Argentine ants from invading new places and causing problems. Choe would like to find a way to use the newly discovered chemicals to spread ant killer to Argentine ant nests.说明这样的研究结果会帮助人们阻止蚂蚁的扩张，故C正确。

4.D 细节题。根据文章倒数2,3行“Being able to quickly remove dead individuals and other possible sources of disease is extremely important to all animals living in societies,说明D正确。

5.A 主旨大意题。本文介绍的是对蚂蚁死了还是活着的判断，介绍了蚂蚁的、发出化学物质的气味来告诉人们具体的信息。故A正确。

考点：考查科普类短文阅读

点评：此类文章的最大的障碍是词汇以及考生对阅读内容的不熟悉，需要考生在阅读的时候有足够的耐心。要养成在上下文串联中猜测词义的能力，根据上下文中出现的同义词，近义词，反义词，以及词义的解释来理解生词。同时要抓住文章的中心，不要受其他信息的影响。要根据题目及选项以及文章的上下文串联合理的判断推理。