A telephone is an instrument by which we can speak to people far away. The underlined word means . A. a tool B. an experiment C. an expression D. an instruction 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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275. A telephone is an instrument by which we can speak to people far away. The underlined word means ____.

A. a tool B. an experiment C. an expression D. an instruction

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完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A recent study shows that gossip（流言蜚语）is more powerful than truth. It suggests people believe what they hear through the grapevine(小道消息) 36 they have evidence to the contrary.

Researchers, 37 students using a computer game, also found gossip played an important role when people 38 decisions. “We show that gossip has a strong 39 , even when people have 40 to the original information as well as gossip about the same information. Thus, it is 41 that gossip has a strong controlling potential,” said Ralf Sommerfeld, who led the study.

In the study, the researchers 42 the students money and allowed them to give it to others in a series of rounds. The students also wrote 43 about how others played the game that everyone could review. Students tended to give 44 money to people described as “scrooges (吝啬鬼)” and more to those described as “ 45 players”. “People only believed the gossip, not the past decisions,” Sommerfeld said in a telephone interview.

The researchers then took the game a step 46 and showed the students the actual decisions people had made. But they also supplied false gossip that contradicted that 47 . In these cases, the students 48 their decisions to award money on the gossip, 49 the hard evidence.

“If you know what the people did, you should care, but they still 50 what others said,” Sommerfeld said. Researchers have 51 used similar games to study how people cooperate and the 52 of gossip in groups. Scientists define gossip 53 social information spread about a person who is not 54 . In evolutionary terms, gossip can be an important tool for people to 55 information about others' reputations or find the way through social networks at work and in their everyday lives.

A. in case B. for fear that C. as if D. even if

A. testing B. checking C. examining D. experimenting

A. drew B. made C. reached D. concluded

A. impression B. difference C. influence D. function

. A. access B. entrance C. charge D. communication

A. curious B. serious C. obvious D. worth

A. impressed B. asked C. showed D. gave

A. articles B. notes C. dairies D. letters

A. less B. more C. fewer D. much

A. general B. mean C. generous D. outgoing

A. away B. forward C. ahead D. further

A. existence B. evidence C. confidence D. dependence

A. based B. put C. focused D. passed

A. more than B. less than C. rather than D. other than

A. referred to B. listened to C. turned to D. stuck to

A. soon B. presently C. far D. long

A. strength B. energy C. effect D. force

A. as B. for C. to D. by

A. absent B. present C. gone D. missing

A. achieve B. earn C. acquire D. win

King's College Summer School

More information is as follows:

Application (申请) date

l Students in New York should send their applications before July 18, 2012.

l Students of other cities should send their applications before July 16, 2012

l Foreign students should send their applications before July 10, 2012

Coursesl English Language

Spoken English: 22 hours

Reading and Writing: 10 hours

l American History: 16 hours

l American Culture: 16 hours

Stepsl A letter of self-introduction

l A letter of recommendation(推荐)

﹡ The letters should be written in English with all the necessary information.

Costl Daily lessons: $200

l Sports and activities: $100

l Travels: $200

l Hotel service: $400

﹡You may choose to live with your friends or relatives in the same city.

Please write to:

Thompson, Sanders

1026 King' s Street

New York, NY 10016, USA

E-mail: KC-Summer-School@ yahoo, com

1.You can most probably read the text in ________.

A．a newspaper	B．a travel guide
C．a textbook	D．a telephone book

2.Which of the following is true about King' s College Summer School?

A．Only top students can take part in the program.

B．King' s College Summer School is run every other year.

C．Visits to museums and culture centers are part of the program.

D．Only the teachers of King' s College give courses.

3.If you are to live with your relatives in New York, you will have to pay the school __

A．$200

B．$400

C．$500

D．$900

4.What information can you get from the text?

A．The program will last two months.

B．You can write to Thompson only in English.

C．As a Chinese student, you can send your application on July 14, 2012

D．You can get in touch with the school by e-mail or by telephone.

King’s College Summer School

King’s College Summer School is an annual(每年的) training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their English. Courses are given by the teachers of King’s College and other colleges in New York. Trips to museums and culture centers are also organized. This year’s summer school will be from July 25 to August 15.

More information is as follows:

Application (申请) date

·Students in New York should send their applications before July 18, 2008.

·Students of other cities should send their applications before July 16, 2008.

·Foreign students should send their applications before July 10, 2008.

Courses

·English Language

Spoken English: 22 hours

Reading and Writing: 10 hours

·American History: 16 hours

·American Culture: 16 hours

Steps

·A letter of self-introduction

·A letter of recommendation(推荐)

﹡ The letters should be written in English with all the necessary information.

Cost

·Daily lessons: $200

·Sports and activities: $100

·Travels: $200

·Hotel service: $400

﹡You may choose to live with your friends or relatives in the same city.

Please write to:

Thompson, Sanders

1026 King’ s Street

New York, NY 10016, USA

E-mail: KC-Summer-School@ yahoo, com

1.You can most probably read the text in ________.

A．a travel guide

B．a newspaper

C．a textbook

D．a telephone book

2.Which of the following is true about King’ s College Summer School?

A．Only top students can take part in the program.

B．Visits to museums and culture centers are part of the program.

C．King’ s College Summer School is run every other year.

D．Only the teachers of King’ s College give courses.

3.If you are to live with your relatives in New York, you will have to pay the school ________.

A．$500

B．$400

C．$200

D．$900

4.What information can you get from the text?

A．The program will last two months.

B．You can get in touch with the school by e-mail or by telephone

C．As a Chinese student, you can send your application on July 14, 2008.

D．You can write to Thompson only in English.

Advice to “sleep on it” could be well founded, scientists say. After a good night’s sleep a problem that couldn’t be solved the night before can often appear more manageable, although the evidence（证据）until now has been personal experience. But researchers at the University of Luebek in Germany have designed an experiment that shows a good night’s sleep can improve insight（洞察力）and problem-solving.

“If you have some newly-got memories in your brain, sleep acts on these memories and rebuild them, so that after sleep the insight into problem which you could not solve before increases,” said Dr Jan Born, a neuroscientist（神经病学专家）at the university. To test the theory, they taught volunteers two simple rules to help them turn some numbers into a new order．There was also a third，hidden rule，which could help them increase their speed in solving the problem．The researchers divided the volunteers into two groups：half were allowed to sleep after the training while the rest were forced to stay awake．Dr Jan Born and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out the third rule as the other group．“Sleep helped，”Born said in a telephone interview．“The important thing is that you have to have a memory representation in your brain of the problem you want to solve and then you sleep，so it can act on the problem．”But Born admitted that he and his team don’t know how rebuilding of memories occurs or what governs it．Pierre Maquet and Perrine Ruby of the University of Liege in Belgium said the experimental evidence supports the suggestions that sleep can help develop creative thinking．Although the role of sleep in human creativity will still be a mystery，the research gives people good reason to fully respect their periods of sleep，they added．

60．The underlined phrase“sleep on it”in Paragraph 1 probably means_________．

A．to delay deciding something until the next day

B．to get as much sleep as possible

C．to go on sleeping without being disturbed

D．to sleep till after the time you usually get up in the morning

61．Jan Born and his team carried out the experiment through________．

A．comparison B．interview C．survey D．imagination

62．It can be inferred from the passage that___________．

A．people should sleep so long as they have time

B．sleep is the only way to solve hard problems

C．people have various periods of sleep D．people know how sleep rebuilds memories

63．What would be the best title for the passage?

A．How Sleep Works． B．Sleep Helps Solve Problems．

C．No Evidence，But Well Founded． D．Born’s Discovery on Sleep．

How can you hear your friends’ voices when they are far away and you can’t make a long—distance call? Besides the web camera system with your computer, we have a new high-tech way to solve the problem and ease your pain of missing them.

The Japanese company Combiwith created a system—“talking picture”. It makes people in pictures speak!

The “talking picture” has a special pen. It is actually a pen-shaped scanner. It can scan information in special—made pictures. A connected player will then play the information out loud.

First, you need to take a picture and record what you want to say with the company. The company will then make special barcodes(条形码) onto your picture(you can’t see those codes). Those codes are your voice and your words. When you hold up the pen to scan your picture with barcodes, a player connected to the pen will start to play. It plays things you’ve recorded. That way the invention makes the “you” in the picture speak!

Do you want your friends and families talking out of pictures? Have them make pictures like that, and you can hear them whenever you want, only with the “talking picture” system. The system can play messages for up to 12 minutes.

“The pictures would be useful for those who hope to hear the voice of someone living far away,” said Mayumi Fuji, a spokeswoman for the company. “Grandparents, for example, longing to know about their grandchildren, would be happy to hear their voice when they see the picture,” Fuji said.

But it is troublesome to go to the company for taking a special picture first. And, it is much more expensive than using a telephone. The photo with barcodes costs between 17,040 and 17,990 yen(日元)(160 and 169 dollars). The larger picture you want, the more you pay.

Now, just raise a finger, lonely people can have their loved ones speak out of pictures. But, whether the “talking picture” is practical or not, let’s wait and see.

1.What does “talking pictures” mean according to this article?

A．The picture can play what’s been recorded as if the person in the picture “talks”.

B．You can have a talk with the person in the picture whenever you want to.

C．The picture can tell you wonderful stories to ease your pain.

D．The picture can tell what’s on your mind when you are looking at it.

2.If you want to make a talking picture, you need to ________.

A．take a picture and record what you want to say with the company

B．make special barcodes onto your picture

C．a pen—shaped scanner to go with the picture

D．All of the above

3.Which of the following is NOT true accordingly?

A．The talking picture system can play messages for 12 minutes at most.

B．It will cost you more to take a larger talking picture.

C．It might take a lot of trouble to make a talking picture.

D．You can make a talking picture by just raising a finger.

4.What is the attitude of the author?

A．Optimistic.

B．Uncertain.

C．Positive.

D．Pessimistic.

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