In 1948, three American scientists invented transistor, which is small electronic device to control an electric current． A． the; a B． a; a C． the; the D． a; the 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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In 1948, three American scientists invented ______ transistor, which is ______ small electronic device to control an electric current．

A． the; a B． a; a C． the; the D． a; the

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WHAT’S ON

STAGE

Russian dances: The famous “Little White Birth” Dance Troupe will travel from Russia to present performances in Beijing.

The troupe, founded in 1948, is famous for their combination of Russian folk dances and classical dancing art.

It has been invited by the Beijing Foreign Culture Exchange Co. in order to give four performances in Beijing.

Tickets are available through ticket hotlines and website such as www. paio. com. cn, www. Chinaticket. com and www. ticket. elong. com.

* Time: 7: 30 pm, January 18 - 21

* Place: Beizhan Theatre, 135, Xiwai Dajie,

Xicheng District

* Tel: 6606-4258

EXHIBITIONS

Kite show: All together 81 kites collected by the China National Art Museum is on show in the Yanhuang Art Museum.

Kong Xiangze, an expert on Chinese kites, published a book on kites, explaining the origins of the kite-making process. The exhibited kites are made in a traditional Chinese style.

* Time: 9 am-5 pm until February 11

* Place: 9 Huizhong Lu

* Tel: 6491-2902 CONCERTS

Folk music: A concert of classics of Chinese folk music will greet audiences on the first day of the Year of Snake at the Beijing Concert Hall.

The China Song and Dance Ensemble will perform dozens of traditional instrumental pieces, such as “Full of Joy”, “Colourful Cloud Chasing the Moon” and “Spring Festival Suite”.

* Time: 7: 30 pm, January 24

* Place: 1, Beixinhuajie, Xicheng District

* Tel: 6559-8285

EVENTS

Flower festival: The Beijing Botanical Garden is bringing people a blooming festival with the beautiful flowers in its tropical plants greenhouse.

The garden has introduced nearly 80 kinds of flowers abroad for the exhibition.

There is also an exhibition of potted narcissus (水仙) landscapes (盆景). More than 300 mini landscapes involving imported narcissus will be displayed, people can get a preview of the show by visiting www.beijingbd.com, the garden’s website.

* Time: 8:30 am-5 pm until January 28

* Place: Wofosi Lu near the Fragant Hills

* Tel: 8259-5547

1. Suppose you are too far away from Beijing or you can’t spare time to go there in person, which of the following shows can you enjoy all the same?

A. Russian dances. B. Kite show C. Folk music D. Flower festival

2.The phrase “get a preview of” used in the passage means ______.

A. watch in advance B. see more clearly

C. get good position of D. get a general idea of

3.f you and your classmates have a free evening to spend on the 19th of January, which is a useful number to call?

A. 6606-4258 B. 6491-2902 C. 6559-8285 D. 8259-5547

Barcodes (条形码) aren’t given much thought by the majority of consumers, but these codes were fairly recently applied in a working fashion in 1970.

A small food store owner decided one day that keeping records of the inventory (存货) of his stock and the associated prices were an extremely laborious process, and so, in 1948, he contacted the The Drexel Institute of Technology in a bid to work towards a solution. Bernard Sliver rose to the challenge and set out to study the problem, and began working on a solution involving an automatic way of keeping track of items that had been sold. Silver and a group of students from the institute realized their answer in the form of ultraviolet light (紫外线), ink and a scanner.

The system worked initially, but possessed some negatives. It was incredibly costly to carry out on a large scale and the system was also unstable. If the invention was to become commonplace (寻常的事) in grocery stores, these two problems had to be solved.

The patent (专利)for the bar code system was filed by Sliver and one of his students, Woodland. The patent was not granted immediately; in fact it took three years for the patent agency to grand their invention patent for the barcode, occurring on 7^th October, 1952.

Despite the patent being issued, the system was still not welcomed by the majority of store owners. It was not until 1966 that the system began moving its way into more and more grocery stores. This system was soon criticised, as there was no central mechanism for controlling uniformly coded items. In 1970, Logicorn developed the Universal Grocery Products Identification code (UGOIC), soon shortened to Universal Identification Number (UPC). It was Marsh’s superstore, in Troy, which was the very first store to install this complex barcode reading system, and its popularity has soared (升温) ever since, and is obviously now commonplace in all types of stores worldwide.

1.What is stressed in the second paragraph?

A．The heavy work of store owners.

B．The function of ultraviolet light, ink and a scanner.

C．The origination of barcodes

D．Bernard Silver’s education background.

2.Which of the following was NOT a drawback of Silver’s system?

A．It was expensive to be applied on a large scale.

B．It was a laborious process.

C．The system was not stable.

D．It lacked a central mechanism.

3.What is the purpose of the text?

A．To tell people that failure is the mother of success.

B．To praise scientists’ efforts in making people’s lives easier.

C．To describe shop owners’ opinions of barcodes.

D．To provide information about the development of barcodes.

As summer approaches, a lot of people will be in search of a great book to read while they are relaxing on the beach or by the pool. Here we have made a list of four e-books that we think are great summer reads.

Stark by Ben Elton--- If you have read a lot of books then you may know that Ben Elton is one of the funniest writers around the world. This book is one of his best pieces of work to date and it will certainly leave you in hysterics(狂笑). You may find yourself laughing out loud constantly when reading this book.

1984 by George Orwell---there is a big chance that some of you may have read this book ,but even if you have, it’s still well worth reading again. This is a great holiday book and it will shock you constantly due to the accuracy of the book. The book was actually written in 1948 and was written about what the author (George Orwell) fell the world would be like in 1984,and he was pretty spot-on .This book is thrilling and will probably leave you a little scared at the end of it.

The Road---This book is a fantastic read and will leave you hanging on edge all the way through it. This book is quite dark, however, and it certainly had some shocking moments throughout. The book is set in a post-apocalyptic(浩劫后的) world where modern life has been destroyed and in which there is no wildlife and a lot of humans have actually turned to cannibalism(同类相食).This book is fantastic if you enjoy a thrilling read that will leave you on the edge of your seat every few seconds. This certainly isn't a book for the faint of heart.

The Theory of Everything by Stephen Hawking---If you haven’t read this book yet then you really must .If you’re looking for a non-fiction and highly informative book for your summer then this is the book for you. This book was written by Professor Stephen Hawking and is extremely famous.

1.What is the text mainly about?

A．An introduction to four e-books that are great summer reads.

B．Advice on how to choose great e—books for summer reads.

C．The contents of four e-books that are famous around the world

D．People’s opinion on reading e-books on the beach.

2.Which of the following is TRUE?

A．Ben Elton is the funniest writer all over the world.

B．If you’ve read 1984, there’s no need to read it again.

C．The Road presents a world in which there are no humans.

D．The Theory of Everything is full of information that is helpful to readers.

3.We can learn from the passage that____________

A．George Orwell wrote what the world in 1948 was like in his book

B．Readers will surely be scared after reading 1984.

C．The Theory of Everything is a work of popular fiction.

D．Readers who are fond of comedies may like to read Stark

4.If Mark likes reading thrilling and exciting stories, which of the following should he choose?

A．Stark

B．1984

C．The Road

D．The theory of Everything

5.In which section of a magazine would you most probably read the text?

A．Literature

B．Travel

C．Lifestyle

D．Nature.

London has already hosted the Olympics twice before and the 2012 Olympics will make it the first city in history to have held three Olympic games．

The first London Olympics in 1908

These games were going to be held in Rome but, because of a volcano, Rome wasn't ready．London agreed to stage the games and the White City Olympic Stadium was built in just 10 months．What was new at these Olympics was the opening ceremony where athletes paraded（列队行进） with their teams behind their national flags．Only 22 countries took part and the profits were just over ￡21,000!

The second London Olympics

Because of the Second World War, the 1944 Olympics were cancelled．Four years later the war was over and London was able to hold the Games in 1948．Things were very different in London during these Olympic Games and many years of war had left the UK poor and hungry．People called them the "Austerity Games"．But there were still some great sports and some exciting events!

59 countries took part, more than at any other Olympics before and the USA won the most medals with 84．For the first time, cameras filmed the games and broadcast them on television so that people could watch them in their own homes．

The third London Olympics in 2012

The Games this year are going to be bigger, better and more exciting than ever before． There will be more than 10,000 athletes from 204 countries taking part!

London wants to make sure that the benefits of the Olympics don't just last for a few weeks in summer but go on much longer．The buildings have been designed and constructed so that they can be used for different things when the Games are over．

1.The text is mainly about _____．

A．London will host the Olympics again

B．London's Olympic history

C．London's Olympics will last much longer

D．London is ready for the Olympics

2.London hosted the Olympics in 1908 instead of Rome because _____．

A．London could build a stadium in 10 months

B．only 22 countries took part

C．there was a volcano eruption in Rome

D．London could make more profits than Rome

3.The second London Olympic Games were called the "Austerity Games" because _____．

A．the UK were poor and hungry then

B．there were some great sports

C．the previous Olympic Games was jcancelled

D．about 59 countries took part

4.The underlined word "them" refers to _____．

A．the 59 countries B．the 84 gold medals

C．all the athletes D．the games

5.According to the text, we know that _____．

A．the benefits of the Olympics used to last for months afterwards

B．the 2nd London Olympics attracted more countries than any other Olympics

C．the buildings for the 3rd London Olympics have more functions for future use

D．the 2nd London Olympics were cancelled because of the Second World War

A newly-published study has shown that loneliness can spread from one person to another, like a disease.

Researchers used information from the Framingham Study, which began in 1948. The Framingham Study gathers information about physical and mental health, personal behavior and diet. At first, the study involved about 5,000 people in the American state of Massachusetts. Now, more than 12,000 individuals are taking part.

Information from the Framingham Study showed earlier that happiness can spread from person to person. So can behaviors like littering and the ability to stop smoking.

University of Chicago psychologist John Cacioppo led the recent study. He and other researchers attempted to show how often people felt lonely. They found that the feeling of loneliness spread through social groups.

Having a social connection with a lonely person increased the chances that another individual would feel lonely. In fact, a friend of a lonely person was 52% more likely to develop feelings of loneliness. A friend of that person was 25% more likely. The researchers say this shows that a person could indirectly be affected by someone’s loneliness.

The effect was strongest among friends. Neighbors were the second most affected group. The effect was weaker on husbands and wives, and brothers and sisters. The researchers also found that loneliness spread more easily among women than men.

The New York Times newspaper reports that, on average, people experience feelings of loneliness about 48 days a year. It also found that every additional friend can decrease loneliness by about five percent, or two and a half fewer lonely days.

Loneliness has been linked to health problems like depression and sleeping difficulties. The researchers believe that knowing the causes of loneliness could help in reducing it.

The study suggests that people can take steps to stop the spread of loneliness. They can do this by helping individuals they know who may be experiencing loneliness. The result can be helpful to the whole social group.

1. What is true about the Framingham Study?

A. It was only conducted in 1948. B. It involves more than 12,000 participants.

C. It was led by John Cacioppo D. It showed that any behavior could spread.

2. From the passage, we can learn that .

A. the habit of littering doesn’t spread

B. a lonely person won’t have friends

C. everyone may be affected by others’ loneliness

D. lonely people don’t know the cause of their loneliness

3. Which statement about the spread of loneliness is true?

A. The spreading effect was the second strongest among friends.

B. No spreading effect was found on husbands and wives.

C. Women are more likely to be affected than men.

D. Brothers are more easily affected than neighbors.

4. If you make 10 more friends in a year, the days of your feeling loneliness will be reduced by .

A. 48 days B. 25 days C. 20 days D. 15 days

5.What is the main idea of the passage?

A. Actions should be taken to help lonely people. B. People feel lonely for many reasons.

C. Ways to fight against loneliness. D. Lonely people can affect others.

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