题目内容

A new study found that inner-city kids living in neighborhoods with more green space gained about 13% less weight over a two-year period than kids living among more concrete and fewer trees. Such findings tell a powerful story. The obesity epidemic(肥胖症的流行)began in the 1980s, and many people think it results from increased portion（食物） sizes and inactivity , but that can't be everything. Big Macs and TVs have been with us for a long time. "Most experts agree that the changes were related to something in the environment," says Thomas Glass of the Hopkins School of Public Health. That something could be a shrinking of the green.

The new research, published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine, isn't the first to associate greenery with better health, but it does get us closer to identifying what works and why. At its most straightforward, a green neighborhood simply means more places for kids to play — which is important since time spent outdoors is one of the strongest links to children's activity levels.

Glass warns that most studies don't necessarily prove a link between greenness and health, but they're helping spur action. In September the U.S. government approved the No Child Left Inside Act to encourage public initiatives (积极性)aimed at exposing kids to the outdoors.

Finding green space is, of course, not always easy, and you may have to work a bit to get your family a little grass and trees. If you live in a suburb or a city with good parks, take advantage of what's there. Your children in particular will love it — and their bodies will thank you.

1.According to the passage, what might cause children’s inactivity?

A. Less concrete and more trees

B. Increased portion sizes

C. A green neighborhood

D. A shrinking of the green

2.According to the passage, which of the following statements is wrong?

A. Big Macs and TVs have something to do with obesity.

B. If a 100-pound man lives in green space for 2 years, he will lose 13 pounds.

C. Kids should be exposed more to outdoors.

D. Kids gain less weight living in a suburb or a city with good parks.

3.What does the underlined word “spur” in the fourth paragraph mean?

A. improve B. take

C. encourage D. stop

4.What might be the best title of the passage?

A. The obesity epidemic B. Slimmer in the grass

C. Causes of obesity D. Prevention of obesity

 

1.D

2.B

3.C

4.B

【解析】

试题分析：文章大意：人们通常认为肥胖症的流行是由于食物尺寸的增加和不活动等因素引起的。然而研究发现绿色的生活空间增加能够使人变得更加的苗条。

1.细节理解题。根据第二段At its most straightforward, a green neighborhood simply means more places for kids to play — which is important since time spent outdoors is one of the strongest links to children's activity levels.可知绿色的萎缩引起了孩子的不活跃。故D正确。

2.2】推理判断题。根据文章中可知，A、C、D三个选择项与文章事实相符合，B选择项文章没有依据。故B正确。

3.词义猜测题。根据文章倒数第二段Glass warns that most studies don't necessarily prove a link between greenness and health, but they're helping spur action.可推测出spur为“鼓励”之意。故C正确。

4.主旨大意题。根据文章大意：人们通常认为肥胖症的流行是由于食物尺寸的增加和不活动等因素引起的。然而研究发现绿色的生活空间增加能够使人变得更加的苗条。故B正确。

考点：考查环境类短文阅读

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Phantom vibrations-the phenomenon where you think your phone is vibrating but it's not-have been around since the mobile age. Today, they’re so common that researchers have devoted studies to them．

For Valerie Kusler, who works on a cattle farm, the feeling is complicated by the cows“The cows’moo is very muffled, it kinda sounds like…errrr,”she says.“So that's very similar to what my phone sounds like when it vibrates on my desk or in my purse.”

Other people may not confuse cows for their phones, but research shows phantom vibration symptom is a near-universal experience for people with smartphones.

Nearly 90 percent of college undergraduates in a 2012 study said they felt phantom vibrations. The number was just as high for a survey of hospital workers, who reported feeling phantom vibrations on either a weekly or monthly basis．

“Something in your brain is being triggered（触发）that's different than what was triggered just a few short years ago,” says Dr Larry Rosen, a research psychologist who studies how technology affects our minds.

“If you'd asked me 10 years ago, or maybe even five years ago if I- felt an itch beneath where my pocket of my jeans was, and asked me what I would do, I'd reach down and scratch it because it was probably a little itch caused by the neurons firing（神经元刺激），”he says. Now, of course, the itch triggers him to reach for his phone. Rosen says it's an example of how our devices are changing how our brains process information．

“we’re seeing a lot of what looks like obsessive behavior. People who are constantly picking up their phone look like they have an obsession. They don't look much different from someone who's constantly washing their hands. I’m not saying that it is an obsession, but I’m saying that it could turn into one, very easily," Rosen says.

While 9 out of 10 participants in the study of college students said the vibration feeling bothered them only a little or not at all, Rosen still recommends backing away from our phones every once in a while to keep our anxiety levels down.

“One of the things I’m really adamant about in spite of being very pro-technology, is just away from the technology for short periods," Rosen says．"And by short periods. I mean; maybe just 30 minutes or an hour.”

1.According to the article, phantom vibrations_____．

A. are mainly caused by neurons firing

B. affect people mostly working on farms

C. help our brains better process information

D. started troubling people in recent years

2.The underlined word "adamant" in the last paragraph probably means_____.

A. curious B. determined C. satisfied D. cautious

3.It can be concluded from Larry Rosen's research that_____.

A. phantom vibrations could probably result in obsessive behavior

B. the use of smart phones has completely changed the way our minds work

C. most people feel uncomfortable when they experience phantom vibrations

D. hospital workers are more likely to suffer from phantom vibrations than students

4.According to Larry Rosen, the most effective measure against phantom vibrations is to_____．

A. move to a quieter neighborhood

B. stop using smartphones in poor condition

C. take a break from using smartphones occasionally

D. keep a close watch on your anxiety levels

 

1. The voyage in space took Yang Liwei 600, 000 kilometers in1.o ______. It made him China’s first 2. a______ in space. He loved science and technology from a young age. Yang always had a strong3. d______ to learn how to fly. In 1983, he joined the army and became a pilot in 1987. In 1998, he 4.a______ to be a member of Project 921. Yang was described by his superiors as hard-working and always in control of himself. The people of China can be5.p______ of Yang Liwei.

2. Toby wrote a letter telling Aihua about his plan for his 6.a______ in Africa, on which he and his brother will visit so many exciting places and do lots of 7. e______ things.

First they will fly to a Northern African country, Morocco. Then they will travel by camel through the Sahara 8. D______. There they are to camp in tents and sleep on the ground in their sleeping bags. However, this trip might be 9.u______ since they will have to sit on camels for six days.

Then they will travel10.d______ River Nile, by starting at Lake Victoria. After that, they will move on to see wild animals in Kenya.

 

We human beings should be very careful with what we do with nature, _____power is beyond our understanding.

A. that B. which C. whose D. where

 

任务型阅读 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入最适当的单词。每个空格一个单词（满分10分）

The good news: Your son or daughter has graduated from college. The potentially bad news: Due to job losses, the pressure of student loan debt or some other factors, he/she has to return home, living with you.

A recent survey has found that almost one-in-five grown children (aged 18-34) now live with their parents. And of those children, about one-third say they used to live independently elsewhere before returning home. The phenomenon has become known as “The Boomerang Generation”(回巢族).

Don’t worry. From a positive angle, you may find you can actually do a lot to keep harmony in the household and make this tricky time manageable, even beneficial for all involved. When your child comes back, he/she can be a source of social support. He/She can help out economically. And you really get a chance to establish a different relationship—as adults.

It’s important to know how long this kind of situation will last. This can be discussed with your family members, but it’s essential that everyone understands the arrangement. It’s also important to set a goal for your graduated child to help him/her find a suitable job.

Everyone should keep the household rules. College kids are used to doing what they want. So let your child know your expectations for household chores, overnight guests, noise and so on. You can list something that you can never accept.

It is absolutely OK for parents to charge rent(房租). If a grown child is able to pay rent, he/she should be asked to pay some. This can also include electricity, water or other benefits he/she is enjoying. If you feel it uncomfortable to take money from your child, you can collect rent money and return it to him/ her when he/she leaves, to help him/her in his/her new home.

Avoid falling into traditional parent-child roles. This is difficult, but parents should not do traditional things such as lending your grown child money or doing his/her laundry or cleaning any more. Your child has grown up; he/she is no longer a teenager.

At last, parents should not get overly involved in your child’s lives and personal relationships. Parents need to respect your child’s growing independence. Creating a dictatorship (独裁) doesn’t help him/ her grow as a self-reliant individual.

A problem

Your child moves back home after graduation, 1. to live on his/her own.

2. why your child comes back home

·Job losses

·The pressure of student loan debt

·Other factors

Present situation

·Almost 3. percent grown children now live with their parents.

·The phenomenon has become known as “The Boomerang Generation”.

 

4. to parents

Establish a deadline

·Let everyone understand the arrangement.

·Set a job-hunting 5. for your child.

Clarify house rules

·Set 6. for household chores, overnight guests, noise and so on.

·List something your child should never do.

7.rent

·Ask your child to pay rent.

·You can collect rent money and 8. it toyour child when he/she leaves.

Avoid falling into old roles

 

·Don’t lend money to your child.

·Don’t do9. for him/her.

 

Respect your child’s 10. and independence.

 

All those second-hand goods are sold at ________ before.

A. twice as lower price as B. as twice low price than

C. twice as low a price as D. twice lower price than

 

I don’t like fish, so I ________ eat it unless I was extremely hungry.

A. needn’t B. shouldn’t

C. can’t D. wouldn’t

 

—— Sorry, Professor Smith. I didn’t finish the assignment yesterday.

—— Oh, you ________ have done it as yesterday was the deadline.

A. must B. mustn’t

C. should D. shouldn’t

 

When we worry about who might be spying on our private lives, we usually think about the Federal agents. But the private sector outdoes the government every time. It’s Linda Tripp, not the FBI, who is facing charges under Maryland’s laws against secret telephone taping. It’s our banks, not the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), that pass our private financial data to telemarketing firms.

Consumer activists are pressing Congress for better privacy laws without much result so far. The legislators lean toward letting business people track our financial habits virtually at will.

As an example of what’s going on, consider U.S. Bancorp, which was recently sued for deceptive practices by the state of Minnesota. According to the lawsuit, the bank supplied a telemarketer called Member Works with sensitive customer data such as names, phone numbers, bank-account and credit-card numbers, social security numbers, account balances and credit limits.

With these customer lists in hand, Member Works started dialing for dollars-selling dental plans, videogames, computer software and other products and services. Customers who accepted a “free trial offer” had 30 days to cancel. If the deadline passed, they were charged automatically through their bank or credit-card accounts. U.S. Bancorp collected a share of the revenues.

Customers were doubly deceived, the lawsuit claims. They didn’t know that the bank was giving account numbers to Member Works. And if customers asked, they were led to think the answer was no.

The state sued Member Works separately for deceptive selling. The company denies that it did anything wrong. For its part, U.S. Bancorp settled without admitting any mistakes. But it agreed to stop exposing its customers to nonfinancial products sold by outside firms. A few top banks decided to do the same. Many other banks will still do business with Member Works and similar firms.

And banks will still be mining data from your account in order to sell you financial products, including things of little value, such as credit insurance and credit-card protection plans.

You have almost no protection from businesses that use your personal accounts for profit. For example, no federal law shields “transaction and experience” information-mainly the details of your bank and credit-card accounts. Social Security numbers are for sale by private firms. They’ve generally agreed not to sell to the public. But to businesses, the numbers are an open book. Self-regulation doesn’t work. A firm might publish a privacy-protection policy, but who enforces it?

Take U.S. Bancorp again. Customers were told, in writing, that “all personal information you supply to us will be considered confidential.” Then it sold your data to Member Works. The bank even claims that it doesn’t “sell” your data at all. It merely “shares” it and reaps a profit. Now you know.

1.Contrary to popular belief, the author finds that spying on people’s privacy ________.

A. is practiced exclusively by the FBI

B. is more common in business circles

C. has been intensified with the help of the IRS

D. is mainly carried out by means of secret taping

2.We know from the passage that ________.

A. the state of Minnesota is considering drawing up laws to protect private information

B. most states are turning a blind eye to the deceptive practices of private businesses

C. legislators are acting to pass a law to provide better privacy protection

D. lawmakers tend to give a free hand to businesses to inquire into customers’ buying habits

3.When the “free trial” deadline is over, you’ll be charged without notice for a product or service if ________.

A. you happen to reveal your credit card number

B. you fail to cancel it within the specified period

C. you fail to apply for extension of the deadline

D. you find the product or service unsatisfactory

4.Businesses do not regard information concerning personal bank accounts as private because ________.

A. it is considered “transaction and experience” information is not protected by law

B. it has always been considered an open secret by the general public

C. its sale can be brought under control through self-regulation

D. its revelation will do no harm to consumers under the current protection policy

 

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