Question

In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity, others say that competition is bad; that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people.
I have taught many children who held the belief that their self – worth relied on how well they performed at tennis and other skills. For them, playing well and winning are often life – and – death affairs. In their single – minded pursuit (追求) of success, the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten.
　However, while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed, others take an opposite attitude. In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition. Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society. Teaching these young people, I often observe in them a desire to fail. They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success. By not trying, they always have an excuse: “I may have lost, but it doesn’t matter because I really didn’t try.” What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost, that would mean a lot. Such a loss would be a measure of their worth. Clearly, this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves. Both are based on the mistaken belief that one’s self – respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others. Both are afraid of not being valued. Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve (缓解) can we discover a new meaning in competition.
【小题1】What does this passage mainly talk about?

A．Competition helps to set up self – respect.

B．Competition is harmful to personal quality development.

C．Opinions about competition are different among people.

D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition

【小题2】Why do some people favor competition according to the passage?

A．It improves personal abilities.	B．It builds up a sense of duty.
C．It pushes society forward.	D．It encourages individual efforts.

【小题3】The underlined phrase “the most vocal” in Paragraph 3 means ___________.

A．those who try their best to win

B．those who value competition most highly

C．those who rely on others most for success

D．those who are against competition most strongly.

【小题4】Which point of view may the author agree to?

A．Fear of failure should be removed in competition.

B．Competition should be encouraged.

C．Winning should be a life – and – death matter.

D．Every effort should be paid back.

Answer 1

【小题1】C
【小题2】C
【小题3】D
【小题4】A

解析试题分析：这篇文章讲的是人们对竞争的不同观点。
【小题1】主旨大意题。第一段第一句In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. 点明主旨。即C。
【小题2】细节题：第一段第二句从Some value it highly believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity 可知选C。
【小题3】细节题：从第三段的句子：In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players, they strongly blame competition.可知the most vocal是强烈反对竞争的人。选D。
【小题4】细节题：最后一段最后一句从Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve can we discover a new meaning in competition. 可推知害怕失败可以在竞争中消除。选C
考点：考查社会现象类短文
点评：本文考查细节题为主，细节题可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息?或是其变体。搜查信息在阅读中非常重要它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。做这类题一般采用寻读法?即先读题，然后带着问题快速阅读短文，找出与问题有关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行分析对比，找出答案。