With large and small keyboards everywhere, neither children nor adults need to write much of anything by hand. That’s a big problem. Study after study suggests that handwriting is important for brain development — helping kids get fine motor skills and learn to express and create ideas. Yet the time devoted to teaching penmanship in most schools has shrunk to just one hour a week. Is it time to give up handwriting? Have a look at the link between the brain and penmanship, and you may get the answer.
A test among students in grades 2, 4 and 6 found that they not only wrote faster by hand than by keyboard, but also created more ideas when composing essays with handwriting. And other research shows that the finger movements required to write by hand activate brain areas involved with thought, language, and short-term memory.
A recent Indiana University study had one group of children practice writing letters by hand while a second group just looked at those letters. Then, both groups of kids entered a functional MRI (核磁共振)that scanned their brains as the researchers showed them the same letters. Researchers found that the brain activity in the first group was far more advanced and “adult-like”.
Handwriting also affects other people’s way they think of adults and children. Several studies have shown that the same average essay will score much higher if written with good penmanship and much lower if written out in poor handwriting. These studies have also found that people judge the quality of a person’s ideas based on his or her handwriting. And the consequences are real: On standardized tests with handwritten sections, like the SAT, all essay that is considered hard to recognize gets a big zero.
Studies show that this isn’t only an English-language phenomenon. Chinese and Japanese youths are suffering from “character amnesia”. They can’t remember how to write characters, thanks to computers and text messaging. Some experts fear that Chinese writing and reading are so closely linked in the brain that China’s reading ability as a nation could suffer.
【小题1】.
What does the Indiana University study imply?

A.Children should practice writing letters
B.Handwriting can increase brain activity
C.It’s good for children to enter a functional MRI.
D.Letters should often be shown to children
【小题2】.
What does the 4th paragraph mainly talk about?
A.Handwriting affects both adults and children.
B.Handwriting helps a person write better essays.
C.SAT should be done with good handwriting.
D.Good handwriting makes a person seem smarter.
【小题3】.
Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Essays written with keyboards will get lower scores.
B.The quality of your ideas depends on your handwriting.
C.Chinese and Japanese youths don’t know how to write.
D.Less handwriting may affect China’s reading ability.
【小题4】.
The passage tries to tell us that __________________.
A.keyboards are more popular than handwriting
B.we shouldn’t judge people by their handwriting
C.handwriting is of great importance
D.it’s time to give up using keyboards

(二)   66  Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.
The ridge (隆起) structure on a person's fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one, which bears a reproduction of the original pattern.  67   Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.
Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer's ink. They can by be recorded easily.  68  Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. 69  . When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye.   70  Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.

A.Special techniques are used to "develop" them.
B.A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all part of the finger.
C.It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed.
D.With special methods, identification can be achieved successfully within a short time.
E. A latent print is the chance reproduction of the friction ridges deposited on the surface of an item.
F. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.
G. Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable.

   1.  Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.

 The ridge (隆起) structure on a person's fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by a new one, which bears a reproduction of the original pattern.    2.  Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.

 Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer’s ink. They can be recorded easily.     3.   Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain.      4.   . When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye.   5.    Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.

A. Special techniques are used to “develop” them.

B. A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all parts of the finger.

C. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed.

D. With special methods, identification can be achieved successfully within a short time.

E. A latent print is the chance reproduction of the friction ridges deposited on the surface of an item.

F. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.

G. Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable.

 

My name is Ralph and I am 42 years old. I work in a factory that I enjoy very much. On May 27, 1999, I was working on an automatic machine. While working my hand was pulled into the machine and my middle finger on my right hand was ripped off. I had surgery to replace what was left of the finger and now I have a finger that is almost as long as my index finger.

Over the years I have been very blessed for a full and healthy life. Most of all, blessed for having my wife. We have grown together and grown in our faith. Life is going to go on with or without my finger. I was not going to let this take over my life and I pushed to go back to work and got light duty.

This was where my lesson began. When I returned to work, I started getting comments and some teasing from people asking me if it was worth losing my finger over a pack of cigarettes. Someone started a rumor that I had dropped a pack of cigarettes and reached down to pick them up and that is how I lost my finger. This is not true. This rumor hurt more than losing my finger in that machine. Everyone was called in to a meeting to resolve this matter and get the story straight. I had to share my lesson.

We can ruin a person’s life by just a few bad words. There is an old saying that I will never forget: “Words and water are easily poured, but impossible to recover.” So please remember to watch what you say.

1.According to the author, his index finger on his right hand is almost as long as ________.

A. his middle finger on his right hand

B. his middle finger on his left hand

C. his thumb on his right hand

D. his thumb on his left hand

2.From the second paragraph, we know that the author ________.

A. was not happy with a short finger

B. had a good relationship with his wife

C. didn’t want to work any more in the factory

D. wanted to find an important job

3.The rumour about the author is that he lost his finger ________.

A. when he was picking up a pack of cigarettes that had fallen into the machine

B. because he was not careful and smoked when running the machine

C. because he was too sleepy to operate the machine properly 

D. when he was reaching down to fix something wrong in the machine

4.Which of the following can match the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?

A. Nothing is really beautiful but truth.

B. Bad words are meaningless.

C. Lies having short legs can do harm.

D. Words cut deeper than swords.

 

__1.___  Scientists and experts have proved the uniqueness of finger-prints and discovered that no exactly similar pattern is passed on from parents to children, though nobody knows why this is the case.

The ridge (隆起) structure on a person's fingers does not change with growth and is not affected by surface injuries. Burns, cuts and other damage to the outer part of the skin will be replaced in time by new one, which bears a reproduction of the original pattern.2.   Some criminals make use of this fact to remove their own finger-prints but this is a dangerous and rare step to take.

Finger-prints can be made very easily with printer's ink. They can be recorded easily.

___3.___ Because of the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-prints have often been used as a method of solving criminal case. A suspected man may deny a charge but this may be in vain. ___4.___ .

When a suspect leaves finger-prints behind at the scene of a crime, they are difficult to detect with the naked eye.  ___5.___ . Some of the marks found are incomplete but identification is possible if a print of a quarter of an inch square can be obtained.

A.Special techniques are used to "develop" them.

B.A fingerprint is an impression of the friction ridges of all part of the finger.

C.It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be destroyed.

D.With special methods, identification can be achieved successfully within a short time.

E. A latent(隐约的)print is the chance reproduction of the friction ridges deposited on the surface of an item.

F. His finger-prints can prove who he is even if his appearance has been changed by age or accident.

G. Every human being has a unique arrangement of the skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable.

 

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