题目内容

During a state of deep relaxation, several physiological changes take place in the body: the body’s oxygen consumption is reduced; the heart beat decreases; muscle tension and sweating ease, and there is decreased sympathetic （交感的） nervous system activity．This restful state not only allows the body to repair and restore itself, but it has a calming effect on the consciousness．
How to achieve this state of relaxation, however, is a matter of opinion, and in some medical circles, a matter of controversy．A recent report by Dr．David Holmes of the University of Kansas in the journal “American psychologist” said that simply sitting in an armchair has just as many beneficial characteristics for the body as meditation （冥想） does．Researchers of other relaxation techniques disagree．These experts believe that more structured techniques, such as meditation, lead to a condition of deep relaxation．
The debate goes on, but one thing appears to be clear: the relaxation response can be reached by a number of methods, and the methods themselves are not as important as getting there．One day, one method may work best; on another day, an alternative method may be more appropriate．Once you are aware of all the methods, you can find the one that works best on you．
Some of the relaxation techniques are meditation, auto analysis and progressive muscle relaxation response．More than just sitting quietly in a chair, they have the added benefit of structure and discipline, and for these reasons appear to be more effective for most individuals．
【小题1】According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT true when a person is in a state of deep relaxation?

A．The body takes in less oxygen．
B．The heart beats less frequently．
C．Muscles become tense and the body sweats easily．
D．The consciousness becomes more or less calmed．
【小题2】People seem to agree that ____．
A．sitting in an armchair benefits a person as meditation does
B．structured relaxation techniques are more beneficial for a person
C．to achieve a state of deep relaxation is possible through various means
D．what people are all struggling for is a state of deep relaxation
【小题3】In the third paragraph, the phrase “getting there” means _____．
A．arriving at one’s destination
B．getting what one wants most
C．finding out a suitable relaxation technique
D．reaching a state of deep relaxation
【小题4】The author’s attitude toward relaxation discussed in the passage is best described as ______．
A．scepticalB．objectiveC．optimistic D．critical


【小题1】C
【小题1】C
【小题1】D
【小题1】B

解析【小题1】细节题：第一段的内容可知ABD都是对的，而muscle tension and sweating ease,可知肌肉紧张和流汗都会缓解。C不对。
【小题1】细节题：从第三段的句子：but one thing appears to be clear: the relaxation response can be reached by a number of methods可知放松是可以通过几种办法获得的。选C
【小题1】猜词题：这段讲的是用什么办法可以达到放松，可知选D
【小题1】作者介绍了几种可以放松的办法，没有自己给出观点，说明是客观的。选B

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In a few years, you might be able to speak Chinese, Korean, Japanese, French, and English

— and all at the same time. This sounds incredible, but Alex Waibel, a computer science professor at US's Carnegie Mellon University (CMU) and Germany's University of Karlsruhe, announced last week that it may soon be reality. He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier for people who speak different languages to understand each other.?

One application, called Lecture Translation, can easily translate a speech from one language into another. Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary. Users also have to be trained how to use the programme.?

Another prototype(雏形机) can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what language they speak. “It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the person next to you,” Waibel said.?

Prefer to read? So-called Translation Glasses transcribe(转录) the translations on a tiny liquid-crystal(液晶) display(LCD) screen.?

Then there’s the Muscle Translator. Electrodes capture the electrical signals from facial muscle movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words. The signals are then translated into speech. The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted in a person's face, according to researchers.?

During a demonstration held last Thursday in CMU's Pittsburgh campus, a Chinese student named Stan Jou had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks, neck and throat. Then he mouthed — without speaking aloud — a few words in Mandarin(普通话) to the audience. A few seconds later, the phrase was displayed on a computer screen and spoken out by the computer in English and Spanish: “Let me introduce our new prototype.”?

This particular gadget(器械),when fully developed, might allow anyone to speak in any number of languages or, as Waibel put it, “to switch your mouth to a foreign language”. “The idea behind the university's prototypes is to create ‘good enough’ bridges for cross-cultural exchanges that are becoming more common in the world,” Waibel said.?

With spontaneous(自发的) translators, foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on the radio, tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people, and leaders of different countries could have secret talks without any interpreters there.?

Which of the following statements is not TRUE?

A. A lecture translation can translate what you said into other languages easily.?

B. There is no Muscle Translator in the world now.?

C. Muscle Translators can translate what you think into speech if you just move your mouth.?

D. The spontaneous translators will help us a lot.

What kind of equipment is NOT mentioned in this passage?

A. Lecture Translation.                       

B. Muscle Translator.?

C. Multiple Translator.                       

D. Translation Prototype.

What’s the final destination of inventing the language translators??

A. To make cultural exchanges between different countries easier.?

B. To help students learn foreign languages more easily.?

C. To make people live in foreign countries more comfortably.?

D. To help people learn more foreign languages in the future.

What can be inferred from the seventh paragraph?

A. The translator is so good that it can translate any language into the very language you need.?

B. The translator is becoming more and more common in the world as a bridge.?

C. With the help of the translator, you only need to open your mouth when you want to say something without saying the exact words at all.?

D. The translator needs to be improved before being put into market.

Where can this passage probably be excerpted from?

A. A newspaper.                         

B. A magazine on science.?

C. A fairy tale.                                

D. A scientific fantasy book.

One day, Raul was miles away from the small ranch（牧场） house in a large valley.   36

seemed to be all right, yet he felt strange and somewhat uneasy. The wind had picked up, and angry, dark clouds   37  across the sky. He could smell the rain coming. And it did.  38  ,the lightning flashed through the clouds, nearly   39    Raul. The thunder（雷声） was so loud that he buried his  40   in his hands and rubbed his eyes. Then he heard it. Hoof beats（蹄声）.He   41  .There before him stood a tall, white   42  . An old man stared down at him from its back.

      “Wh-wh-who are y-y-you?” asked Raul. “My name is Gray Cloud,” the old man answered   43  .“Come with me.”

      Raul followed on his horse. A   44   feeling came over him. All    45    them the rain was pouring down,  46    not a drop fell on them. They seemed to be  47   back toward Raul’s home. Raul lost track of time. Then all at once he found  48  at the ranch gate. The old man turned his horse,  49  his hand, and smiled. Lightning flashed again. The old man and his horse were  50 .

Raul’s father ran out across the yard  to   51  him. “we have been  52  sick about you. Are you okay? Hurry. Let’s get in out of the  53  .”

   “Wait,” said Raul. “Have you ever heard of an old man called Gray Cloud?”

   “Can’t say I … wait. I  54  my great-grandfather used to tell storied about a man called Gray Cloud. He died a long time ago. They say he was  55  by lightning during a terrible thunderstorm. Why do you ask?”

36. A. Something 

B. Everything

C. Anything   

D. Nothing

37.A.dropped 

B. fell 

C. rolled 

D. covered

38.A.Suddenly 

B. Strongly 

C. Quickly 

D. Hardly

39.A.beating 

B. blinding 

C. burning 

D. touching

40.A.nose 

B. hair 

C. neck 

D. head

41.A.looked up 

B. woke up 

C. lay down 

D. sat down

42.A.tiger 

B. horse 

C. lion 

D. elephant

43.A.lazily 

B. angrily 

C. coldly 

D. slowly

44.A.natural 

B. common 

C. strange 

D. bad

45.A.around 

B. beside 

C. through 

D. above

46.A.yet 

B. for 

C. so 

D. or

47.A.walking 

B. leading 

C. heading 

D. returning

48.A.them 

B. themselves 

C. him 

D. himself

49.A.shook 

B. waved 

C. held 

D. took

50.A.gone 

B. left 

C. followed 

D. lost

51.A.see 

B. meet 

C. beat 

D. ask

52.A.waited 

B. thought 

C. worried 

D. excited

53.A.yard 

B. wind 

C. grass 

D. rain

54.A.believe 

B. consider 

C. doubt 

D. forget

55.A.defeated 

B. caught 

C. damaged 

D. struck

Teaching a child to read at a young age gives him a valuable start in life. Reading is the basic part of education and a child’s reading ability will influence his school success greatly. Learning difficulties, many of which begin from poor reading skills, can damage a school child’s confidence and affect his future achievement. Young children are programmed to learn and they can learn better with encouragement. Ten to twenty minutes of reading a day still leaves plenty of time for play.

Many parents are concerned that learning to read is too challenging a task for a pre-school child, but they should also remember that most children learn to speak by the time they are 3. Learning a language is probably the single most challenging task any individual can undertake, yet children do it without formal instruction, achieving the fluency much better than adult language students.

There is a window of opportunity in terms of IQ development, which is most open during a child’s early years. A scientific study, carried out by Dr. Peter Huttenlocher at the University of Chicago, showed that the number of connectors, called synapses（神经元突触）, between the nerve endings in a newborn baby’s brain is similar to the number in the average adult brain. These synapses increase rapidly during early childhood. By 12-24 months a child’s brain has about 50% more synapses than the average adult brain. After that the synapses which are not in use begin to atrophy（衰退）. For most people, from age 16, the number remains steady. It begins to drop again as we move into our golden years. Doing intellectual activities at a young age, such as learning to read, can stimulate（刺激）and preserve these connectors in the brain resulting in a long-term beneficial（有益的）effect on IQ development.

Another notable study is probably the Milwaukee project. This study took a group of babies, all of whose mothers had low IQs, and gave them special training for seven hours a day, five days a week, until they started first grade. By the age of 6 these children had an average IQ 30 points higher than their contemporaries. The overwhelming conclusion is that the early intellectual stimulation can have a positive, long-term effect on a child’s brain development.

From birth you should talk to and explain things to your baby. Reading to him can be a wonderful way of spending quality time with your child. The enjoyment of books and being familiar with the idea of print will pave the way for（为……铺平道路）learning to read later.

If your child is a fast learner you can help him realize his potential by introducing him to the joy of the printed word at an early age. This will lay the foundations（基础）for both a high achieving school career and a lifelong love of reading. If your child shows early signs of reading difficulties, your efforts may help him get rid of such problems before he goes to school.

It can be difficult to teach your own child because emotional（引起情绪激动的）issues arise easily. Online programs for learning to read English are excellent options. They allow children to repeat new materials as many times as they need to, without wearing out the parents’ patience.

1.What does the passage mainly discuss?

A. Children should be taught to read at an early age.

B. Children can read better than most adult students.

C. Children have more synapses than most adults.

D. Children are supposed to learn to read on the Internet.

2.Why does the author mention the study by Dr. Peter Hutten locher?

A. To remove parents’ worry.

B. To explain IQ development.

C. To explain how a baby’s brain works.

D. To show the parents’ wrong ideas.

3.How can children benefit from learning to read at a young age?

A. It can build up great confidence in their mind.

B. It can help preserve the connectors in their brains.

C. It can help produce more connectors in their brains.   

D. It can help them find both their weaknesses and strengths.

4.At the end of this passage the author advises _______.

A. parents not to get angry too often

B. children to enjoy reading as early as possible

C. children not to wear out their parents’ patience

D. parents to get their children to take an online program

 

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36至55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中, 选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

As a father, I greatly valued the moments    36    my son and I could be together, and that day was really special.

Louisville, Kentucky was a place where basketball was an important part of life, and   37     taking my son to an NBA exhibition game was one of those special moments. But little did I realize how special that evening was going to be! It was blowing some mean wind. Josh     38     my hand as we crossed the parking lot and    39    for the famous Freedom Hall.  40     eight years old, he still felt it was okay to hold his father’s hand, and I felt grateful, knowing that this kind of moments would pass    41   .

The stadium  42  nineteen-thousand-plus fans, and it definitely looked like a sellout(客满的).The expectation of seeing Mrhael Jordan and the Chicago Bulls  43  the Washington Bullets  44  our pace across the parking lot, thinking about  45  the game was going to go. The tumstile(十字转门)clicked and Josh hung on to his souvenir ticket stub (票根）like he had just won the lottery! We pushed our   46          to the upper-level seats of the “true” fans. Before we know it, the game was  47  way. During a time out, we dashed to   48         hot dog and Coke and rushed back so that we   49 miss a single part of the game. Things were going as expected until halftime. I started to talk to some friends  50  when there was a pull on my sleeve, my arm was pulled over by a  51        young Josh, and he began putting a multicolored, woven yarn bracelet(丝织手獨）around my wrist. It  52  really well, and he was really focused attentively as he carefully made a double square knot to keep it secure. On this special  53  I realized the significance of the moment. With a smile, I told him proudly how I knew this was a  “friendship brardet” and said, “I guess this means we are   54        ” Without missing a beat, his big brown eyes looking me straight in the face, he exclaimed, “We’re  55  friends. You’re my dad!”

1.A. when         B. what     C. that      D. which

2.A. particularly        B. certainly        C. specially        D. especially

3.A. held   B. had        C. carried D. caught

4.A. left     B. set         C. walked  D. headed

5.A. As      B. Though C. But        D. Even

6.A. often B. frequently     C. soon      D. slowly

7.A. sat      B. seated  C. included        D. involved

8.A. with   B. for         C. to D. against

9.A. sped up      B. looked up      C. built up D. turned up

10.A. what         B. that       C. which    D. how

11.A. path          B. way       C. route    D. track

12.A. on    B. in  C. by D. under

13.A. eat   B. book     C. order    D. make

14.A. wouldn’t  B. needn’t          C. dared not           D. mustn’t

15.A. besides    B. near      C. nearby  D. beside

16.A. exhausted        B. pleased          C. determined  D. astonished

17.A. fit     B. suited   C. matched        D. applied

18.A. situation  B. occasion        C. position         D. condition

19.A. neighbors         B. classmates     C. teammates    D. friends

20.A. no more than   B. better than   C. more than     D. other than

 

Hundreds of students from around the world gathered in New York City last week for the Microsoft Imagine Cup finals. They came to present their ideas for using technology to solve world problems.

Microsoft education director Suzi Levine says the nine-year-old program began mainly as a competition to create technology.

SUZI LEVINE: "When we realized that students really actually want to have a purpose for what they're creating, we introduced the idea of inspiring them with the UN Millennium Development Goals and suggesting that they use those for their muse(灵感). "This past year we also rolled out something called the Imagine Cup Solve This library（创新杯求解计划知识库）, where IGOs, NGOs and nonprofits can submit some of the technical challenges that they would like students to consider for their solutions."

Microsoft says over 350，000 high school and college students registered for this year's competition. Judges chose more than four hundred of them to attend the finals.

SUZI LEVINE: "One from Thailand was called NewKrean, where they created a Windows Phone 7 application that allows you to broadcast your location to your social network of friends so that you can be more easily rescued." They named their application Terra.

Suzi Levine says there were also ideas from Egypt inspired by the revolution that overthrew president Hosni Mubarak in February.

SUZI LEVINE: "One was to use Bluetooth as sort of a Twitter equivalent so that if the government shuts down the Internet, you actually can still have a massive social distribution."

Students competed in nine categories. For example, in software design the top prize of twenty-five thousand dollars went to Team Hermes from Ireland. The students developed a device for cars to collect information on road conditions, driving behavior and traffic incidents.

A team from Taiwan's National Tsing Hua University won first place in the embedded（内嵌的） development category. They developed a network of wireless devices to help plot the safest escape routes during a fire.

Next year's awards ceremony will take place in Australia. Registration for Imagine Cup twenty-twelve opened Friday. Also, Microsoft announced plans for a three million dollar program to help Imagine Cup winners further develop their projects.

1.Which of the following is true ?

A．The program is sponsored by Microsoft.

B．Next year, the awards ceremony will be held in New York City.

C．Any high school or college student can attend the finals.

D．The initial purpose of the program is to solve world problems using technology.

2. What can we infer from the third paragraph?

A．The UN offers great help to the program.

B．Microsoft sets up a library for the students who want to achieve their goals.

C．IGOs, NGOs and nonprofits also provide help for the students.

D．Microsoft takes effective measures to inspire the students.

3.What does the underlined word “overthrew ” in Paragraph 6 mean ?

A． Abandoned       B．Supported         C．Drove away        D．Overturned

4.What can we know from Paragraph 7?

A．They want to replace Bluetooth with Twitter.

B．They want to combine Bluetooth with Twitter.

C．They want to replace Twitter with Bluetooth.

D．Twitter can still be used without the Internet.

 

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