John admitted the window and promised to compensate for itA break B to break C breaking D to breaking 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

阅读理解

阅读下列文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。

Decision-thinking is not unlike poker —it often matters not only what you think. but also what others think you think and what you think they think you think, The mental process (过程) is similar. Naturally, this card game has often been of considerable interest to people who are, by any standards. good thinkers.

The great mathematician John von Neumann was one of the founders of game theory. In particular, he showed that all games fall into two classes: there are what he called games of perfect information, games like chess where the players can't hide anything or play tricks: they don't win by chance, but by means of logic and skills. Then there are games of imperfect information, like poker, in which it is impossible to know in advance that one course of action is better than another.

One mistaken idea about business is that it can be treated as a game of perfect information. Quite the reverse. Business, politics, life itself are games which we must normally play with very imperfect information. Business decisions are often made with many unknown and unknown able factors (因素), which would even puzzle (困惑) best pokers players. But few business people find it comfortable to admit that they are taking a chance, and many still prefer to believe that they are playing chess, not poker.

1．The subject discussed in this text is ________.

A. the process of reaching decisions

B. the difference between poker and chess

C. the secret of making good business plans

D. the value of information in winning games

2．An important factor in a game of imperfect information is ________.

A. rules

B. luck

C. time

D. ideas

3．Which of the following can be used in place of “Quite the reverse”?

A. Quite right.

B. True enough.

C. Most unlikely.

D. Just the opposite.

4．In the writer's opinion, when making business decisions one should ________.

A. put perfect information before imperfect information

B. accept the existence of unknown factors

C. regard business as a game of chess

D. mix known and unknown factor

阅读理解

　　For most of us, the purpose of the holidays is to bring peace, love, and goodwill towards all．Yet, for many, the holiday season often means stress, tiredness, pressure, disappointment and loneliness．

　　These feelings, often known as the “holiday blues,” may be even more common this year, due to the emotional disorder of the past few months, not to mention the unsteady economy．Experts say even the more usual tasks of shopping, decorating, late-night parties, cooking, planning and family reunions can be holiday stressors．

　　In addition, the psychological phenomenon known as seasonal affective disorder, or SAD, may bring a specific type of depression related to winter's shorter days and longer nights．

　　“Certainly just because it's the holidays doesn't mean people are going to be happy,” says Dr．Doug Jacobs of Harvard University．“And this will be a particularly hard holiday for some who are dealing with a lost job, debt, or even a lost loved one．”

　　And with family reunions becoming less frequent events over the years, there is now the added pressure of getting just one chance to get it all right．“Families are much more different now,” says John Stutsman, a clinical psychologist at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago．The disappointment and sense of unfriendliness that often results from family gatherings, he adds, are actually a realization that “the fantasy is not met”．

　　Still, say experts, the blues should be dealt with．The most essential step, says Stutsman, is for the individual to admit their feelings and the reason for their depression．“Disagreement will only compound the stress they're feeling．”

　　Stutsman recommends people do things that are normally comforting in order to get a handle on the holiday stress．“If they're feeling a little blue, they should try to do things personally satisfying for them．Maybe this is exercise, cooking, reading a book, or massage．”

　　Stutsman also advises that sometimes “avoidance is actually not such a bad idea”．In some situations, fulfilling social obligations may be self-destructive when the best thing may be to just stay home．“The healthy choice has to do with taking care of oneself．”

(1)

According to the passage, holiday blues ________．
[　　]
A．	didn't exist before
B．	bring peace, love, and goodwill towards all
C．	result from various factors
D．	happen to every one of us

(2)

In the opinion of John Stutsman, ________．
[　　]
A．	family gatherings have become less frequent events over the years
B．	people usually feel disappointed when their families get together
C．	families are friendly to each other as usual
D．	holidays doesn't mean people are going to be happy

(3)

It can be concluded from the passage that the most important thing to deal with the blues is to ________．
[　　]
A．	stay at home
B．	do things that are normally comforting
C．	fulfill social obligations
D．	admit your feelings and the reasons for your depression

(4)

Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?
[　　]
A．	Family Reunions
B．	Emotional Disorder
C．	Holiday Blues
D．	Holiday Stressors

Unhappy people glue（使粘牢） themselves to the television 30 percent more than happy people.

The finding, announced on Thursday, 1 from a survey of nearly 30,000 American adults conducted between 1975 and 2006 as part of the General Social Survey.

2 happy people reported watching an 3 of 19 hours of television per week, unhappy people reported 25 hours a week. The results held even after 4 into account education, income, age and marital status.

In addition, happy individuals were more socially 5 , attended more religious services, voted more and 6 a newspaper more often than their less-chipper（没有精神的） counterparts.

The researchers are not sure, though, whether unhappiness 7 more television-watching or more viewing leads to unhappiness.

In fact, people say they like watching television: Past research has shown that when people watch television they 8 it. In these studies, participants reported that on a 9 from 0 (dislike) to 10 (greatly enjoy), TV-watching was nearly an 8.

But perhaps the high from watching television doesn't 10 .

"These conflicting data 11 that TV may provide viewers with short-run 12 , but at the expense of long-term malaise(精神欠爽)," said researcher John Robinson, a sociologist at the University of Maryland, College Park.

In this case, even the happiest campers could turn into Debbie-downers if they continue to 13 at the TV. The researchers suggest that over time, television-viewing 14 push out other activities that do have more lasting 15 . Exercise and sex come to mind, as do parties and other forms of socialization known to have psychological benefits.

Or, maybe television is simply a refuge(慰藉物) for people who are already 16 .

"TV is not judgmental 17 difficult, so people with 18 social skills or resources for other activities can engage in it," Robinson and UM colleague Steven Martin write in the December issue of the journal Social Indicators Research.

They add, " 19 , chronic unhappiness can be socially and personally debilitating（使人衰弱的） and can interfere with work and most social and personal activities, but even the unhappiest people can click a remote and be passively 20 by a TV."

The researchers say follow-up studies are needed to tease out the relationship between television and happiness.

( ) 1. A. comes B. arrives C. differs D. results

( ) 2. A. When B. As C. While D. Therefore

( ) 3. A. average B. amount C. number D. effort

( ) 4. A. speaking B. talking C. taking D. getting

( ) 5. A. active B. positive C. crazy D. cozy

( ) 6. A. look B. read C. see D. take

( ) 7. A. builds up B. cuts down C. leads to D. tends to

( ) 8. A. hate B. enjoy C. adopt D. adapt

( ) 9. A. fashion B. group C. scale D. rate

( ) 10. A. last B. decrease C. widen D. disappear

( ) 11. A. report B. suggest C. improve D. admit

( ) 12. A. excitement B. pleasure C. suffering D. sadness

( ) 13. A. glare B. look C. stare D. fix

( ) 14. A. should B. must C. could D. need

( ) 15. A. comforts B. laughter C. pressures D. benefits

( ) 16. A. tired B. lonely C. bored D. unhappy

( ) 17. A. and B. neither C. nor D. but

( ) 18. A. few B. little C. many D. quantity

( ) 19. A. Therefore B. Furthermore C. However D. Yet

( ) 20. A. controlled B. transformed C. persuaded D. entertained

It happened to me recently. I was telling someone how much I had enjoyed reading Barack Obama’s Dreams From My Father and how it had changed my views of our President. A friend I was talking to agreed with me that it was ,in his words, “a brilliantly（精彩地）written book”. However, he then went on to talk about Mr Obama in a way which suggested he had no idea of his background at all. I sensed that I was talking to a book liar.

And it seems that my friend is not the only one. Approximately two thirds of people have lied about reading a book which they haven’t. In the World Book Day’s “Report on Guilty Secrets”, Dreams From My Father is at number 9. The report lists ten books, and various authors, which people have lied about reading, and as I’m not one to lie too often (I’d hate to be caught out ),I’ll admit here and now that I haven’t read the entire top ten . But I am pleased to say that, unlike 42 percent of people, I have read the book at number one, George Orwell’s 1984. I think it’s really brilliant.

The World Book Day report also has some other interesting information in it. It says that many people lie about having read Jane Austen, Charles Dickens, Fyodor Dostoevsky(I haven’t read him,but haven’t lied about it either )and Herman Melville.

Asked why they lied, the most common reason was to “impress” someone they were speaking to. This could be tricky if the conversation became more in –depth!

But when asked which authors they actually enjoy, people named J. k. Rowling, John Grisham, Sophie Kinsella (ah, the big sellers, in other words). Forty-two percent of people asked admitted they turned to the back of the book to read the end before finishing the story(I’ll come clean: I do this and am astonished that 58 percent said they had never done so).

64. How did the author find his friend a book liar?

A. By judging his manner of speaking.

B. By looking into his background.

C. By mentioning a famous name.

D. By discussing the book itself.

65. Which of the following is a “guilty secret”according to the World Book Day report?

A. Charles Dickens is very low on the top-ten list.

B. 42% of people pretended to have read 1984.

C. The author admitted having read 9 books.

D. Dreams From My Father is hardly read.

66. By lying about reading, a person hopes to .

A. control the conversation

B. appear knowledgeable

C. learn about the book

D. make more friends

67. What is the author’s attitude to 58%of readers?

A. Favorable.

B. Uncaring

C. Doubtful

D. Friendly

Ok, I admit it: Emoticons(表情符号) are popular. Some people even think they are fun. Many seem unable to get through an e-mail or Instant Message chat sentence without using one. Some feel that they add feeling and character to otherwise cold digital communications.
Some, however, such as editor and Hollywood scriptwriter John Blumenthal, blast the use of emotions as “ infantile(幼稚的) just like the people who use them”. He believes that words themselves should be enough. “If you’re being funny, happy or sad, that should be apparent from the comment that goes before the emoticons,” he argues.
In the eyes of Blumenthal, the use of emoticons is a gender issue. “Men don’t use emoticons very much. Maybe not at all.,” he said. “Teenage girls and women seem to use them a lot. Maybe there’s an emoticons gene.”
It’s an interesting opinion, but it is not shared by all.
In an interview with The New York Times, Dacher Keltner, professor of psychology at the University of California, said that emoticons are popular because our brains are programmed “ to seek out representations of humanity”. He believes that they appeal not because they are shortcuts for the lazy, but because they tap into（输入）something beyond language. They reach to our need to be with and communicate with people.
All of these arguments may be somehow valid（正确的）. Each one of us will choose to communicate in our own way. I do not have much time for emoticons. I tried to use one once and felt like I was stealing into a primary school class that I had no place being in. I’d rather let my words do the talking.
Friends, however, send me messages and e-mails full of emoticons. I have no problem with this, I don’t regard any of my friends as lazy or immature. It’s just a question of individuality.
【小题1】According to the article, emoticons are popular because_________.