Question

In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition (学会) of each new skill -- the first spoken words, the first independent steps, or the beginning of reading and writing. It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate, but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child. This might happen at any stage. A baby might be forced to use a toilet too early, a young child might be encouraged to learn to read before he knows the meaning of the words he reads. On the other hand, though, if a child is left alone too much, or without any learning opportunities, he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself.

Parents vary greatly in their degree of strictness towards their children. Some may be especially strict in money matters. Others are severe over time of coming home at night or punctuality（准时）for meals. In general, the controls represent the needs of the parents and the values of the community as much as the child's own happiness.

As regards the development of moral standards in the growing child, consistency（前后一致） is very important in parental teaching. To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is no foundation for morality (道德). Also, parents should realize that "example is better than precept". If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach (说教), their children may grow confused when they grow old enough to think for themselves, and realize they have been to some extent fooled.

A sudden awareness of a marked difference between their parents' principles and their morals can be a dangerous disappointment.

1.Eagerly watching the child’s acquisition of new skills, _________________.

A．should be avoided

B．is universal among parents

C．sets up dangerous states of worry in the child

D．will make the child lose interest in learning new things

2.In the process of children’s learning new skills, parents _________________.

A．should encourage them to read before they know the meaning of the words they read

B．should expect a lot of the children

C．should achieve a balance between pushing them too hard and leaving them on their own

D．should create as many learning opportunities as possible

3.The second paragraph mainly tells us that _________________.

A．parents should be strict with their children

B．parental controls reflect only the values of the community

C．parental restrictions vary, and are not always for the benefit of the children alone

D．it’s parents’ and society’s duty to control the children

4.The word“precept” in Paragraph 3 probably means “_________________”.

A．opinion           B．punishment        C．behavior          D．instruction

5.In terms of moral matters, parents should _____________________.

A．follow the rules themselves

B．be aware of the huge difference between adults and children

C．forbid things which have no foundation in morality

D．always ensure the security of their children

 

Answer 1

【答案】

1.B

2.C

3.C

4.D

5.A

【解析】

试题分析：在孩子成长过程中，父母不能拔苗助长。父母对孩子的“严”与“松”之间应有一个恰当的度。关于道德教育问题，父母应该以身作则，带头遵循，“榜样比说教更有力”。

1.推理判断题。根据文章第一自然段开头In bringing up children，every parent watches eagerly the child's acquisition of each new skill，既然是每位父母都会这样做，那么这种做法在父母中就是普遍的，故选 B。

2.推理判断题。文章第一自然段第二句It is often tempting to hurry the child beyond his natural learning rate，but this can set up dangerous feelings of failure and states of worry in the child，说明在孩子成长过程中，父母不能拔苗助长。文章第一段末句又说：On the other hand，though，if a child is left alone too much， or without any learning opportunities，he loses his natural enthusiasm for life and his desire to find out new things for himself，说明对孩子太放任自流同样不利。根据这两方面，应选C，父母对孩子的“严”与“松”之间应有一个恰当的度。

3.文章第二自然段的大意是：父母对孩子的严格程度有很大的不同。选C

4.词义推测题。四个选项的意思分别是：opinion (观点)；punishment(惩罚)；behviour(行为)； instruction(说教，源于instruct)。根据文章第三段第三，四句Also，parents should realize that “example is better than precept”．If they are not sincere and do not practice what they preach，(说教)……可以推测，precept 应表达与example 对立的意思，且与preach 是同义词，引语的意思是“榜样比说教更有力”，故选项D 为最佳选项。

5.推理判断题。根据文章第三自然段第四句，再根据文章最后一段，可以得出结论，关于道德教育问题，父母应该以身作则，带头遵循，故选A

考点：考查教育类短文

点评：在孩子成长过程中，父母不能拔苗助长。父母对孩子的“严”与“松”之间应有一个恰当的度。本文主要还是考查了细节题和推理题，注重综合语言能力的运用，需要根据段落大意，结合语境，做出准确的判断。要求考生在仔细阅读文本的基础上，仔细审题和每个选项，做适当的延伸，做出合理的判断推理。