Question

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Whatever our differences as human beings are, we all think we’re more like the rest of the animal world than we realize. It is said that we share 40 per cent of our genetic（遗传的）structure with the simple worm.

But that fact has helped Sir John Sulston win the 2002 Nobel Prize for Medicine. Sir John is the founder of the Sanger Institute in Cambridge, which was set up in 1992 to get further understanding of the human genome（染色体组）.

To help them do this, they turned to the worm. The nematode（线虫类的）worm is one of the earliest creatures on planet earth. It is less than one millimeter long, completely transparent and spends its entire life digging holes through sand. But it still has lots to say about human life, and what can be done to make it better.

What the worm told Sir John and his colleagues were that each of cells in the human body is programmed like a computer. They grow, develop and die according to a set of instructions that are coded in our genetic make-up.

Many of the diseases that humans suffer from happen when these instructions go wrong or are not obeyed. When the cell refuses to die but carries on growing instead, this leads to cancer. Heart attacks and diseases like AIDS cause more cell deaths than normal, increasing the damage they do to the body. Sir John was the first scientist to prove the existence of programmed cell death.

1.Sir John Sulston got a Nobel Prize for Medicine because he has _____________.

A. found that human beings are similar to the worn

B.got the fact we share 40 per cent of our genetic structure with the simple worm

C.found the computer which controls each of the cells in the human body

D.proved that cell death is programmed

2.People might be seriously ill if the cells in their bodies _____________.

A.grow without being instructed

B.die regularly

C.fail to follow people’s instructions

D.develop in the human body

3.The underlined word “they”(Paragraph 5) refers to _____________.

A.cell deaths　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B.diseases

C.instructions　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   D.cells

4.What is the subject discussed in the text?

A.The theory of programmed cell deaths.

B.A great scientist—Sir John Sulston.

C.The programmed human life.

D.Dangerous diseases.

 

Answer 1

答案：D;A;B;A
解析：

1、该题根据“Sir John was the first scientist to prove the existence of programmed cell death.”这一句话可以判断出他是第一个证实这个结论的人。 2、根据文章最后一段中“When the cell refuses to die but carries on growing instead, this leads to cancer.”可以得出答案。 3、根据上文进行判断得出答案。 4、文章的最后一句话是结论性的一句话，也可以看作是文章所描述的中心问题。

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