题目内容

阅读理解

　　Large companies need a way to reach the savings of the public at large．The same problem, on a smaller scale, faces practically every company trying to develop new products and create new jobs．There can be little hope of raising the money needed from friends and people we know, and while banks may agree to provide short-term finance, they are generally unwilling to provide money for long-term projects．So companies turn to the public, inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future interests．They do this by issuing stocks and shares in the business through the Stock Exchange．By doing so they can put into circulation the savings of single persons and institutions, both at home and abroad．

　　When the saver needs his money back, he does not have to go to the company with whom originally placed it．Instead, he sells his shares through a stockbroker to some other saver who is seeking to invest his money．

　　Many of the services needed both by industry and by each of us are provided by the government or by local organizations．Without hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways, this country could not work．All these require continuous spending on new equipment and new development if they are to serve us properly, frequently need to borrow money to finance major capital spending, and they, too, come to the Stock Exchange．

　　These is hardly a man or woman in this country whose standard of living does not depend on the ability of his or her employers to raise money to finance new development．In one way or another this new money must come from the savings of the country．The Stock Exchange exists to provide a channel through which these saving can reach those who need finance．

(1)

The money which enables these companies to go ahead with their projects is ________．

[　　]

A．

exchanged for part ownership in the Stock Exchange

B．

financed wholly by rates and taxes

C．

repaid to its original owners as soon as ?possible?

D．

invested in different companies on the Stock Exchange

(2)

All the basic services on which we depend are ________．

[　　]

A．

unable to provide for the needs

B．

financed wholly by rates and taxes

C．

in constant need of financial support

D．

run by the government or our local organizations

(3)

The Stock Exchange makes it possible for the government, local organizations and nationalized industries ________．

[　　]

A．

to make certain everybody saves money

B．

to borrow as much money as they wish

C．

to make certain everybody lends money to them

D．

to raise money to finance new development

(4)

The underlined word “invest” here probably means ________．

[　　]

A．

lose more money with

B．

provide less money with

C．

borrow less money with

D．

buy shares in order to make a profit

答案：1．B;2．C;3．D;4．D;
解析：

(1)

A项有较大干扰性。从“…, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future interests”可以看出可交换的是赚得的利益，而不是投资的钱，因此A项不合题意。选项B是对“inviting people to lend them money, or take a share in the business in exchange for a share in future interests”的总结。

(2)

首先我们应该理解basic services指hospitals, roads, electricity, telephones, railways等，从第三段“The government, local organizations, and nationalized industries therefore frequently ned to borrow money to finance major capital spending,…”得知basic services需要持续不断的财政支持。

(3)

从最后一段首句得此答案。在这一句中“his or her employers”既指本题中的“Government, local organizations, nationalized industries”。

(4)

买股票的人都想赚钱，invest his money意思是“投资；入股”，因此D项为最佳答案。


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阅读理解。

　　Many Americans are turning to Japan, they think, a country of high academic achievement and economic success, for possible answers．However, the answers provided by Japanese preschools are not the ones Americans expected to find．In most Japanese preschools, surprisingly little emphasis is put on academic instruction．In one survey, 300 Japanese and 210 American preschool teachers, child development specialists, and parents were asked about various aspects of early childhood education．Only 2 percent of the Japanese respondents(答问卷者)listed“to give children a good start academically”as one of their top three reasons for a society to have preschools．In contrast, over half the American respondents chose this as one of their top three choices．To prepare children for successful careers in first grade and beyond, Japanese schools do not teach reading, writing, and mathematics, but rather skills such as determination, concentration, and the ability to work as a member of a group．The huge majority of young Japanese children are taught to read at home by their parents．

　　Like in America, there is diversity(多样性)in Japanese early childhood education．Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims, such as early musical training or potential development．In large cities, some kindergartens are attached to universities that have elementary and secondary schools．Some Japanese parents believe that if their young children attend a university-based program, it will increase the children's chances of eventually being admitted to top-rated schools and universities．Several more progressive programs have introduced free play as a way out for the heavy intellectualizing in some Japanese kindergartens．

(1)

We learn from the first paragraph that many Americans believe ________．

[　　]

A．

Japanese parents are more involved in preschool education than American parents

B．

Japan's economic success is a result of its scientific achievements

C．

Japanese preschool education emphasizes academic instruction

D．

Japan's higher education is superior to theirs

(2)

In Japan's preschool education, the focus is on ________．

[　　]

A．

preparing children academically

B．

developing children's artistic interests

C．

developing children's potential

D．

shaping children's character

(3)

Why do some Japanese parents send their children to university-based kindergartens?

[　　]

A．

They can have better chances of getting a first-rate education．

B．

They can make more group experience grow there．

C．

They can be individually oriented when they grow up．

D．

They can do better in their future studies．

(4)

Free play has been introduced in some Japanese kindergartens in order to ________．

[　　]

A．

broaden children's knowledge

B．

lighten children's study load

C．

train children's creativity

D．

enrich children's experience

(5)

Which of the following statements is true?

[　　]

A．

Most of the Japanese preschools pay much attention to academic instructions．

B．

Very few Japanese respondents don't agree to give children a start academically．

C．

In Japan it is common for parents to teach their children at home．

D．

American respondents don't agree to give children a start academically．

阅读理解。

　　Since earliest times we humans have been thrilled and chilled by things we can not understand－weather, death, the movement of stars and planets, even the darkness of night．

　　In order to cope with these great terrors, myths and legends were born－dragons and ghosts and winged beings from heavenly realms．

　　Even today, as we enter the new age, the old fears remain．Instead of dragons and ghosts and lost civilizations like Atlantis, however, modern terrors include UFOs, tropical plagues(瘟疫)and killer asteroids from the far reaches of space．

　　Anyone who thinks we have outgrown our old fears and fascination for the unknown need only visit a bookstore or tune in to cable television．Many of these popular books and programs deal with angels, ghosts, lost civilizations, UFOs, doomsday comets and other mysteries．

　　Wouldn't it be wonderful, I used to think deeply, if someone came along and did a book about the mysteries－a kind of no-nonsense summary that gives us a brief but thorough overview of the word's greatest mysteries of science, religion, folklore and history?

　　Fortunately, such a book has now appeared－E．Randall Floyd's startlingly clear and concise 100 of the World's Greatest Mysteries：Strange Secrets of the Past Revealed．From the Big Bang and rise of man to death-dealing asteroids and spontaneous human destruction by fire, this book covers them all, an amazing range of facts, figures and human drama, all told from a seasoned journalist's perspective．

　　Mr．Floyd, a former European correspondent for United Press International, professor of history, motion pictures screenwriter and author of more than a dozen-best-selling books, says the idea for the book originated with his nationally syndicated newspaper column, Strange Encounters．He spent five years researching and writing the book．

(1)

Myths and legends came into being because ________．

[　　]

A．

humans were thrilled and chilled by things not easily understood

B．

humanswanted to deal with the great terrors

C．

humanswere creative to make up stories

D．

there were no books to refer to and no TVs to watch in the old days

(2)

Which of the following doesn't belong to modern terrors?

[　　]

A．

UFOs

B．

tropical plagues

C．

killer asteroids

D．

dragons and ghosts

(3)

Which of the following best explains the meaning of the underlined word“outgrown”as it is used in the fourth paragraph?

[　　]

A．

grown too large or too tall for, e．g．one's clothes

B．

grown faster or taller than other people

C．

leave bad habits behind as one grows older

D．

grown too quickly from

(4)

What's the writer's tone of comment on the book?

[　　]

A．

Puzzled．

B．

Critical．

C．

Praising．

D．

Shocked．

(5)

The main purpose of writing this passage is to ________．

[　　]

A．

talk about different mysteries in the past

B．

compare the old terrors with the modern ones

C．

give a brief introduction of Mr．Floyd

D．

introduce a book about the mysteries to you

阅读理解：

　　Buying insurance is a way in which people can protect themselves against large losses．Protection against fire is one kind of insurance．Large numbers of people pay small sums of money to an insurance company．Although thousands of people have paid for fire insurance, only a few will lose their homes by fire．The insurance company will pay for these homes out of the small sums of money it had collected．

　　The first modem fire insurance company was formed in London in the 1740s．A great fire had just destroyed most of the city and people wanted protection against further losses．The first company grew rapidly．Some other companies were founded in other areas．

　　Benjamin Franklin helped form the first fire insurance company in America in 1752, and then a new kind of insurance for farmers was suggested．The new insurance would provide protection against the loss of crops from storms．

　　Later on another new insurance company was started in America．This company, which offered life insurance, collected small sums of money regularly from many different men．If a man died, his family was given a large sum of money．

　　Over the years, insurance companies have offered new kinds of insurance protection．The new kinds of insurance cover from such accidents as car and plane crashes．Today, most people have some kind of insurance．

(1)

The first fire insurance company was founded ________．

[　　]

A．

in England

B．

in 1740

C．

in America

D．

in 1752

(2)

We can leam from the passage that ________．

[　　]

A．

the first modem fire insurance company was founded before a great fire in London

B．

in America, farmers have protection against the loss of crops from storms if they buy insurance

C．

fire insurance will prevent people s homes from burning

D．

life insurance was started in London, England

(3)

Insurance means protection against ________．

[　　]

A．

the loss of car and plane crashes

B．

the loss of fire

C．

the loss of life

D．

losses of many kinds of accidents

(4)

The best tide for this passage is ________．

[　　]

A．

Protection for Everyone

B．

The First Fire Insurance Company

C．

The Founder of the Insurance Company

D．

Life Insurance

阅读理解：

　　Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee．And when you’re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you’re holding a large glass of iced tea．The physical sensation(感觉)of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions－those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A．Bargh．

　　Psychologists have known that one person’s perception(感知)of another’s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships．Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable．Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies’ conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness．Classic studies by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle．Harlow’s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills．

　　Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal．Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm” or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries．

　　To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students．A research assistant who was unaware of the study’s hypotheses(假设), handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form：The drink was then handed back．After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of “Person A” based on a particular description．Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink．

　　“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly,” says Bargh．

(1)

According to Paragraph 1, a person’s emotion may be affected by _________．

[　　]

A．

the visitors to his office

B．

the psychology lessons he has

C．

his physical feeling of coldness

D．

the things he has bought online

(2)

The author mentions Harlow’s experiment to show that _________．

[　　]

A．

adults should develop social skills

B．

babies need warm physical contact

C．

caregivers should be healthy adults

D．

monkeys have social relationships

(3)

In Bargh’s experiment, the students were asked to _________．

[　　]

A．

evaluate someone’s personality

B．

write down their hypotheses

C．

fill out a personal information form

D．

hold coffee and cold drink alternatively

(4)

We can infer from the passage that _________．

[　　]

A．

abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences

B．

feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide

C．

physical temperature affects how we see others

D．

capable persons are often cold to others

(5)

What would be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．

Drinking for Better Social Relationships

B．

Experiments of Personality Evaluation

C．

Developing Better Drinking Habits

D．

Physical Sensations and Emotions

阅读理解：

　　I have a friend named Monty Roberts who owns a horse ranch in San Ysidro．He has let me use his house to put on fund-raising events to raise money for youth at risk programs．

　　The last time I was there he introduced me by saying, "I want to tell you why I let Jack use my house．” It all goes back to a story about a young man who was the son of a horse trainer who would go from stable to stable, race track to race track, farm to farm and ranch to ranch, training horses．As a result, the boy's high school career was continually interrupted．When he was a senior, he was asked to write a paper about what he wanted to be and do when he grew up．”

　　That night he wrote a seven-page paper describing his goal of someday owning a horse ranch．He wrote about his dream in great detail and he even drew a diagram of a 200-acre ranch, showing the location of all the buildings, the stables and the track．Then he drew a detailed floor plan for a 4,000-square-foot house that would sit on a 200-acre dream ranch．”

　　He put a great deal of his heart into the project and the next day he handed it in to his teacher．Two days later he received his paper back．On the front page was a large red F with a note that read, "See me after class．”

(1)

Why can the writer use Roberts's house to raise money for youth at risk programs?

[　　]

A．

Because they are good friends．

B．

Because Monty Roberts has a poor childhood．

C．

Because Monty Roberts like to help youth．

D．

Because the youth has the same dream as Montv Roberts．

(2)

what do you think of Monty Koberts' goal of a horse ranch at that time?

[　　]

A．

dream

B．

romantic

C．

real

D．

false

(3)

What would happen after the teacher gave a note "See me after class．”?

[　　]

A．

Monty Roberts got very angry at this．

B．

The teacher would criticize him．

C．

The teacher wanted to tell him that his dream would come true．

D．

The teacher would encourage him．

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