Work is a part of living -my grandparents understood that. They lived and worked on a farm that has been in my family for 150 years. They raised chickens for eggs , pigs and cattle for meat . Cows wer 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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Work is a part of living —my grandparents understood that. They lived and worked on a farm that has been in my family for 150 years. They raised chickens for eggs , pigs and cattle for meat . Cows were kept for milk and the cream, from which Grandma made butter and cheese. What little yard they had became a garden.

The Depression, therefore, didn’t make much change in their lives. But it did bring an unending flow of men out of work, drifting from job to job, to the farm. The first to show up at the door of the kitchen was a man in rags. He took off his hat and quietly explained that he hadn’t eaten for a while. Grandpa stood watching him a bit , then said , “There’s a stack of firewood against the fence behind the barn (谷仓). I’ve been needing to get it moved to the other side of the fence . You have just about enough time to finish the job before lunch .”

Grandma said a surprising thing happened. The man got a shine in his eyes and he hurried to the barn at once. She set another place at the table and made an apple pie. During lunch, the stranger didn’t say much, but when he left, his shoulders had straightened. “Nothing ruins a man like losing his self-respect,” Grandpa later told me.

Soon after, another man showed up asking for a meal. This one was dressed in a suit and carried a small old suitcase. Grandpa came out when he heard voices. He looked at the man and then offered a handshake.” There is a stack of firewood along the fence down behind the barn I’ve been meaning to get it moved. It’d sure be a help to me . And we’d be pleased to have you stay for lunch.” The fellow set his suitcase aside and neatly laid his coat on top. Then he set off to work.

Grandma says she doesn’t remember how many strangers they shared a meal with during those Depression days-or how many times that stack of wood got moved.

1.When he was asked to move a stack of firewood, the first man who asked for a meal got a shine in his eyes for he was glad that .

A．he had found a good job

B．he would have something to eat

C．he would no longer suffer from the Depression

D．he would get what he wanted without losing his self-respect

2.The writer’s grandfather asked those jobless men to move the stack of firewood because .

A．he didn’t want them to have a meal free of charge

B．he had been needing to get it moved

C．he wanted to help them in his own way

D．he wanted to show them his kindness and respect

3.The writer’s grandfather was all of the following but .

A．kind B．thoughtful C．wealthy D．sympathetic

4.The best title for the story would be .

A．The Depression B．The Pleasure of Helping Others

C．No Pains , No Gains D．Work-A Part of Living

【答案】

1.D

2.C

3.C

4.B

【解析】略

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Work is a very important part of life in the United States. When the early Protestant immigrants(新教徒移民) came to this country, they brought the idea that work was the way to God and heaven. This attitude, the Protestant Work Ethic(道德规范), still influences America today. Work is not only important for economic benefits, the salary, but also for social and psychological needs, the feeling of doing something for the good of the society. Americans spend most of their lives working, being productive. For most Americans, their work defines(给…下定义) them: they are what they do. What happens then, when a person can no longer work? Almost all Americans stop working at age sixty-five or seventy and retire. Because work is such an important part of life in this culture, retirement can be very difficult. Retirees often feel that they are useless and unproductive. Of course, some people are happy to retire; but leaving one’s job, whatever it is, is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring. Many retirees do not know how to use their time or they feel lost without their jobs. Retirements can also bring financial problems. Many people rely on Social Security checks every month. During their working years, employees contribute a certain percentage of their salaries to the government. Each employer also gives a certain percentage to the government. When people retire, they receive this money as income. These checks do not provide enough money to live on, however, because prices are increasing very rapidly. Senior citizens, those over sixty-five, have to have savings in the bank or other retirement plans to make ends meet. The rate of inflation(通货膨胀) is forcing prices higher each year; Social Security checks alone cannot cover these growing expenses. The government offers some assistance(补助), Medicare(health care)and welfare(general assistance), but many senior citizens have to change their life styles after retirement. They have to spend carefully to be sure that they can afford to buy food, fuel and other necessities.

Of course, many senior citizens are happy with retirement. They have time to spend with their families or enjoy their hobbies. Some continue to work part time, others do volunteer(志愿) work. Some, like those in the Retired Business Executives Association, even help young, people to get started in new business. Many retired citizens also belong to “Golden Age” groups. These organizations plan trips and social events. There are many chances for retirees.

American society is only beginning to be concerned about the special physical and emotional needs of its senior citizens. The government is taking steps to ease the problem of limited income. They are building new housing, offering discounts(折扣) in stores and museums and on buses, and providing other services such as free courses, food service, and help with housework. Retired citizens are a rapidly growing percentage of the population. This part of the population is very important and we must meet their needs. After all, every citizen will be a senior citizen some day.

The author believes that work first became important to Americans because of _______.

A. religion B. economy C. psychology D. family

The passage is mainly about _______.

A. money and check B. senior and junior

C. work and retirement D. Protestants and Americans

When Americans stop work, it’s difficult for them to _______.

A. get Social Security checks B. feel productive

C. enjoy themselves D. be religious

The author mentions _______ examples of the government' steps to ease the problem of limited income.

A. two B. four C. five D. three

People living in the UK take quite a few holidays abroad and in the country each year. Choices made about where to go, how to get there and what to do can either benefit or harm the environment.

While on holiday

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●Making the most of locally produced food and drink, and local activities and attractions will support people in the area you are visiting and reduce the need for further environmental influence from transport.

●Switching off any air conditioning, heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect.

●Save water—some countries suffer from water shortages and saving water can help avoid damage to our natural habitats（栖息地）.

Endangered species(物种)

Some gifts and foods available in some countries can be made from endangered plants or animals. Check before you buy, but if you doubt, avoid animal and plant gifts. More details of the types of products to avoid any illegal trade hotspots can be found on the Souvenir Alert webpage.

Making a positive contribution to the place you are visiting.

There are ways in which your holiday can help support local people and the environment.

●There are many opportunities to volunteer and help with projects that conserve and improve natural habitats.

●When you are away, or if you are looking for somewhere to visit, you can support projects or attractions which protect wildlife, such as nature reserves and conservation projects.

According to the passage, we can to help reduce climate change effect.

A. make good use of water B. buy local food and drink

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We should check the gifts and foods before buying because ______.

A. sometimes they are of poor quality

B. they may not be typical local products

C. some of them will do harm to our health

D. they may be made from endangered animals or plants

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A. it is not easy for people to travel abroad

B. not everyone can tell an illegal souvenir

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People living in the UK take quite a few holidays abroad and in this country each year. Choices made about where to go, how to get there and what to do while there can either benefit or harm the environment.
While on holiday
Many of the things you can do to be greener on holiday will be the same things you can do at home—but there are also some extra things too, like avoiding gifts made from endangered plants and animals. Here are some suggestions:
●Making the most of locally produced food and drink, and local activities and attractions will support people in the area you are visiting and reduce the need for further environmental influence from transport;
●Switching off any air conditioning, heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect;
●Save water—some countries suffer from water shortages and saving water can help avoid damage to our natural habitats.
Endangered species
Some gifts and foods available in some countries can be made from endangered plants or animals. Check before you buy, but if in doubt, avoid animal and plant gifts. More details of the types of products to avoid and illegal trade hotspots can be found on the Souvenir Alert webpage.
Making a positive contribution to the place you are visiting
There are ways in which your holiday can help support local people and the environment;
●There are many opportunities to volunteer and help with projects that conserve and improve natural habitats;
●When you are away, or if you are looking for somewhere to visit, you can support projects or attractions which protect wildlife, such as nature reserves and conservation projects.
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A．save electricity                                    B．buy local food and drink
C. make good use of water                       D．go around on foot
61．We should check the gifts and foods before buying because ________.
A．sometimes they are of poor quality
B．they may not be typical local products
C. some of them will do harm to our health
D．they may be made from endangered animals or plants
62．We can infer from the passage that ________.
A．it is not easy for people to travel abroad
B．not everyone can tell an illegal souvenir
C. green holidays have been accepted by people
D．volunteer work is a must for protecting natural habitats
63．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．travel dos and don’ts                            B．the harm done to the environment
C. greener choices for holiday                  D．tips on protecting endangered species

It is common to have difficulties sleeping during the day. Humans are naturally wired to sleep best at night and be awake during the day. However, modern work schedules require some people to try to accommodate the unnatural schedule of shift（轮班）work — being awake at night and sleeping during the day.

In order to make this adjustment, you need to pay special attention to your sleep environment and your preparation for sleep. If shift work is a necessary part of your work life, here are some suggestions that may help.

Arrange to sleep uninterrupted in a quiet, dark room. This means you may have to turn off or unplug your phone, hang darkening curtains on the windows or wear a sleep eye mask, and train your family and friends to leave you alone while you sleep.

Fit in a nap（小睡）. When your daytime sleep period is too short, taking a short nap of less than 30 minutes just before work or on a break has been shown to improve alertness and enhance performance.

Develop and follow a sleep routine. It's best if you go to sleep and wake up at the same time every day. Try not to vary this too much on weekends. Your body likes routine.

Take extra care to make healthy choices. You may be tempted to reach for unhealthy foods or nicotine to stay awake or alcohol to try to sleep. But ultimately these choices are more harmful than helpful.

If you have tried all these things and are still having problems getting enough quality sleep during the day, talk to your doctor or a sleep specialist. Sometimes medications（药物治疗）may be helpful and safe. In other cases, there may be an underlying sleep disorder that needs to be addressed.

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A．persuade workers to have a god sleep.

B．advise night workers to keep healthy

C．encourage workers to do day work

D．help night workers to sleep well

2.What does the author recomusend?

A．A suitable account of alcohol to help sleep.

B．A regular life on weekday’s and weekends.

C．A dark room without phoebes to sleep in.

D．A break for sleeping anytime during the day.

3.On which condition should a person turn to a sleep specialist for help?

A．If he suffers from a sleep disorder for the first time.

B．If a good sleep environment is greatly needed for him.

C．If he falls to get quality sleep through his own efforts.

D．If he has the problem of bailing to sleep in the daytime.

4.We can learn from the test that .

A．night workers need a long time to fall asleep

B．constant breaks at work help to improve performance

C．it is difficult to create a good sleep environment

D．night work requires people to adjust their body clocks

People living in the UK take quite a few holidays abroad and in this country each year．Choices made about where to go, how to get there and what to do while there can either benefit or harm the environment．

While on holiday

●Switching off any air conditioning, heating and lights will help reduce climate change effect;

●Save water—some countries suffer from water shortages and saving water can help avoid damage to our natural habitats （栖息地）.

Endangered species （物种）

Some gifts and foods available in some countries can be made from endangered plants or animals．Check before you buy, but if you doubt, avoid animal and plant gifts．More details of the types of products to avoid and illegal trade hotspots can be found on the Souvenir Alert web page．

Making a positive contribution to the place you are visiting

There are ways in which your holiday can help support local people and the environment:

●There are many opportunities to volunteer and help with projects that conserve and improve natural habitats;

●When you are away, or if you are looking for somewhere to visit, you can support projects or attractions which protect wildlife, such as nature reserves and conservation projects．

1.According to the passage, we can __ to help reduce climate change effect.

A．make good use of water

B．buy local food and drink

C．save electricity

D．go around on foot

2.We should check the gifts and foods before buying because ______．

A．sometimes they are of poor quality.

B．they may not be typical local products.

C．some of them will do harm to our health.

D．they may be made from endangered animals or plants.

3.We can infer from the passage that ____．

A．it is not easy for people to travel abroad.

B．not everyone can tell an illegal souvenir.

C．green holidays have been accepted by people.

D．volunteer work is a must for protecting natural habitats.

4.The passage is mainly about .

A．travel dos and don'ts.

B．the harm done to the environment.

C．greener choices for holiday.

D．tips on protecting endangered species.

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