If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.
  If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …” what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache ” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.
  Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.
  Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.
  These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.
  But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.
【小题1】According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “_______”.

A.You have good reason to get upset
B.I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame
C.I apologize for hurting your feelings
D.I’m at fault for making you upset
【小题2】We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry _______.
A.the complexities involved should be ignored
B.their ages should be taken into account
C.parents need to set them a good example
D.parents should be patient and tolerant
【小题3】It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _______.
A.a social issue calling for immediate attention
B.not necessary among family members
C.a sign of social progress
D.not as simple as it seems

We have proof that you become what you eat. When you know the effects of different types of food, you can use your knowledge well and eat what you want to become.

Food has an impact on our physical and mental health. Have you ever heard any of the following advice?

Lettuce (莴苣) or milk can make you sleepy.

To stop feeling sleepy you should eat peanuts or dried fish.

Everyone has their own advice to give, which they have read about or have been told by older relatives. Some of these pieces of advice seem to contradict each other.

Eating chocolate makes you fat and gives you spots.

Chocolate contains the essential minerals: iron and magnesium (镁).

What we need to figure out is what type of chocolate to eat to get the benefits and how much of it to eat. We can do this by reading the list of ingredients (原料) on the chocolate bar package. Exactly how much real chocolate is in there? And how much of that do we need to eat to get the benefits of the minerals it contains?

Future restaurants might be named after the physical or mental state they hope to create. Their menus will list the benefits of each dish and drink. Some restaurants have already started this concept, and list the nutritional (营养的) content of their dishes on the menus.

Let’s take the restaurant “Winners” as an example. Their menu would list dishes specifically designed to help you win sports competitions. Or you could choose the Go-faster salad, which is a large bowl of mixed raw vegetables in a light salad dressing, giving you energy without making you gain weight. And what kind of dishes do you think would be on the menu at the “Clever Café”?

So what’s going to happen to hamburgers and biscuits? Will the concept of eating food, because it’s tasty, go out of fashion? Of course not! Junk food is also changing. If ice-cream is not good for children, can’t we give them fat-free, sugar-free tofu ice-cream? Unhealthy food is going out of fashion, so brands are changing. We are told not to drink cola because of the sugar and caffeine content so cola companies are making sugar-free and caffeine-free drinks. We are told dried fruit is a healthier snack than biscuits so some biscuit companies are making biscuits with added vitamins.

1.By saying “you become what you eat”, the writer means that ________.

A.you will become your own food

B.you will know what food is good by its appearance

C.food has an effect on your health

D.you will know the effects of different types of food

2.What does the underlined word “contradict” mean in the text?

A.Oppose to                             B.Help with

C.Have influence on                       D.Benefit from

3.How can we eat chocolate properly, according to the passage?

A.To eat chocolate containing the essential minerals.

B.To read the list of ingredients on the package.

C.To get advice from others before eating real chocolate.

D.To learn how much chocolate we can consume before eating.

4.Which is true about the future restaurants?

A.The food in “Winners” can ensure you to win sports competitions.

B.They might list the nutritional content of their dishes on the menus.

C.Hamburgers will disappear in these restaurants.

D.The Go-faster salad helps you go faster.

5.The concept of eating tasty food will not go out of fashion because ________.

A.the junk food companies are changing their brand names

B.biscuit companies are making dried fruit

C.junk food will become healthier than before

D.Cola companies are still making cola

 

If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.

  If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …” what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache ” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.

  Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.

  Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.

  These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.

  But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.

1.According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “_______”.

A.You have good reason to get upset

B.I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame

C.I apologize for hurting your feelings

D.I’m at fault for making you upset

2.We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry _______.

A.the complexities involved should be ignored

B.their ages should be taken into account

C.parents need to set them a good example

D.parents should be patient and tolerant

3.It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _______.

A.a social issue calling for immediate attention

B.not necessary among family members

C.a sign of social progress

D.not as simple as it seems

 

If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.  If you say to your children "I'm sorry I got angry with you, but …" what follows that "but" can make the apology ineffective: "I had a bad day" or "your noise was giving me a headache " leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.

Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say "I'm sorry you're upset"; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.

Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying "I'm useless as a parent" does not commit a person to any specific improvement.

These pseudo(假的)-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.

But even when presented with examples of contrition(悔悟), children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old boy might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old boy might need reminding that spoiling other children's expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that taking the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent's clothes without permission is not.

1. If a mother adds "but" to an apology, _______.

A. she doesn't feel that she should have apologized

B. she does not realize that the child has been hurt

C. the child may find the apology easier to accept

D. the child may feel that he owes her an apology

2. According to the author, saying "I'm sorry you're upset" most probably means "_______".

A. You have good reason to get upset

B. I'm aware you're upset, but I'm not to blame

C. I apologize for hurting your feelings

D. I'm at fault for making you upset

3. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because _______.

A. it gets one into the habit of making empty promises

B. it may make the other person feel guilty

C. it is vague and ineffective

D. it is hurtful and insulting

4. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry _______.

A. the complexities involved should be ignored

B. their ages should be taken into thinking

C. parents need to set them a good example

D. parents should be patient and tolerant

5. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _______.

A. a social issue calling for immediate attention   B. not necessary among family members

C. a sign of social progress                    D. not as simple as it seems

 

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