题目内容


Keeping a busy social life among lots of friends may keep people thinner than spending hours doing some exercises, according to scientists. They say that socialising and meeting with friends help increase levels of brown fat in the body which burns calories(卡路里)to produce heat.
Living in an exciting social environment was found to reduce fat in mice's belly by half over four weeks, even if they ate more. US researchers say that social excitement aids weight loss by turning white fat into brown. White fat stores calories and makes us fatter, while brown burns energy to produce heat. Turning white fat into brown is extremely difficult,normally
requiring long- term stay in cold conditions or exciting part of the body's nervous system.
However, scientists from Ohio State University now think that having a busy social life is an even more effective way of changing white fat into brown. The team came up with their theory by studying the effects of various living environments on mice. Those, who lived alongside a greater number of mice, had more space and toys to excite themselves and then lost far more weight over the course of the study than their “couch potato" fellows.
Study author, Dr Matthew During, whose team's findings appear in the journal Cell Metabolism, said, "I'm still amazed at the degree of fat loss that occurs." Explaining how new technology had threatened face-to-face socialising, he added, "It's not just a sedentary(久坐 的)lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities." Co-author Dr Lei Cao said,"Loneliness is a potential factor for cancer and death; it's equal to cigarette smoking to a certain extent. Social activities are very vital.,,
【小题1】What information can we get from the first two paragraphs?

A.Brown fat stores calories and makes us fatter.
B.It doesn't take long to turn white fat into brown.
C.Social excitement helps gain more weight.
D.Brown fat can burn energy to produce heat.
【小题2】Which of the following statement does the text support?
A.Levels of brown fat can be increased by socialising.
B.The mice lacking social life lose more weight.
C.The research findings haven't been published so far.
D.Dr Matthew During wasn't convinced of the result.
【小题3】We can conclude from the text that _______.
A.the fat in mice's belly was reduced because of the relaxing environment
B.a sedentary lifestyle and high calories foods influence people's social life
C.surfing the Internet may influence people's face-to-face communication
D.cancer and death are mainly caused for lack of social life
【小题4】What’s the main idea of the text?
A.Brown fat is beneficial to people's health.
B.Socialising is unnecessarily important in people's daily life.
C.White fat can be changed into brown fat.
D.Socialising contributes to people's losing weight.


【小题1】D
【小题2】A
【小题3】C
【小题4】D

解析【小题1】细节题。结合第二段brown burns energy to produce heat.(棕色脂肪可以燃烧卡路里,产生热量)可选出答案。
【小题2】细节题。结合第一段socialising and meeting with friends help increase levels of brown fat(社交活动和与朋友聚会帮助提高棕色脂肪)可选出答案。
【小题3】推断题。结合Explaining how new technology had threatened face-to-face socialising, he added, "It's not just a sedentary(久坐 的)lifestyle and high calorie foods, but an increasing lack of social activities(解释新科技如何威胁到面对面的社交活动时,迪兰博士补充说:“这不仅会导致人们更喜欢坐着不动,吃更多高卡路里食品,而且还会使人们越来越疏于社交。”)可选出答案。
【小题4】概括大意题。文章主要讲述了“社交的兴奋感有助于减肥。”。

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Due to the increasing number of violence acts produced in schools all over the world,more and more parents prefer to have their children educated at home rather than at school. This way they can assure their safety and well-being,although teachers and school representatives are trying to improve the situation in schools by increasing the number of the persons in charge with the safety of the students.
The main reason for violence acts are the films and cartoons that fill the children’s time.They want to do everything.they watch on TV and never think at the consequences,and they may hurt a classmate or a teacher.
On the other hand, parents are not fully satisfied with the children’s results obtained in classes and they consider private classes would have better results.
When a teacher has to watch 30 students in class he can’t probably see what each of them is doing,how he is writing,or if he understands the explanations.At home the teacher can explain in details everything the child doesn’t understand as many times as he considers proper.
And many times.the child grows fond of the teacher at home,who becomes his best friend,and who helps him whenever he needs someone to talk to.    
However, the best solution would be a mixture between the education received at school and that at home,because school makes children communicate and socialize.Keeping a child at home for fear there might happen something bad to him.only makes the child’s character weak and prevents him from knowing what real life is.Staying in a crystal ball only does harm to the child.
All in all.schools have been created to help children,not to harm them,so it’s best to keep children in these special places,where they learn,laugh,have fun and make new friends.
【小题1】The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to          

A.teach parents the ways to keep theft children safe
B.show solutions to developing children’s character
C.explain the main reason for violence acts in schools
D.analyze an education problem and give opinions
【小题2】Parents prefer to have their children educated at home because the following EXCEPT that______.
A.More and more violence acts occur in schools
B.Parents want to improve their Children's grades
C.Parents are concerned about their children’s safety
D.The education system is far from satisfactory
【小题3】What does“a crystal ball”in the passage refer to?
A.A toy that can be used for entertainment.
B.A safe and comfortable environment.
C.An object that is made of crystal.
D.A setback that is hard to overcome.
【小题4】We call infer from the passage that          
A.violence TV programs have bad effects on children’s behavior
B.The teacher at home is more patient than the teacher at school
C.Children today are weak from lack of sense of right and wrong
D.There are too many students in class for a teacher to teach
【小题5】Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A.Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Classes
B.Who is to Blame, Parents or Schools?
C.Which is Better, School Study or Home Study
D.The Relationship between Teachers and Children

Due to the increasing number of violence acts produced in schools all over the world, more and more parents prefer to have their children educated at home rather than at school. This way they can assure their safety and well-being,although teachers and school representatives are trying to improve the situation in schools by increasing the number of the persons in charge of the safety of the students.
The main reason for violence acts are the films and cartoons that fill the children’s time.They want to do everything.they watch on TV and never think at the consequences,and they may hurt a classmate or a teacher.
On the other hand, parents are not fully satisfied with the children’s results obtained in classes and they consider private classes would have better results.
When a teacher has to watch 30 students in class he can’t probably see what each of them is doing,how he is writing,or if he understands the explanations.At home the teacher can explain in details everything the child doesn’t understand as many times as he considers proper.
And many times,the child grows fond of the teacher at home,who becomes his best friend,and who helps him whenever he needs someone to talk to.    
However, the best solution would be a mixture between the education received at school and that at home,because school makes children communicate and socialize.Keeping a child at home for fear that there might be something bad happening to him only makes the child’s character weak and prevents him from knowing what real life is.Staying in a crystal ball only does harm to the child.
All in all,schools have been created to help children,not to harm them,so it’s best to keep children in these special places,where they learn,laugh,have fun and make new friends.
53.The writer’s purpose in writing the text is to          .
A.teach parents the ways to keep theft children safe
B.show solutions to developing children’s character
C.explain the main reason for violence acts in schools
D.analyze an education problem and give opinions
54.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?
A.Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Classes
B.Who is to Blame.Parents or Schools?   
C.which is Better, School Study or Home Study  
D.The Relationship between Teachers and Children   
55.Parents prefer to have their children educated at home because the following EXCEPT that            
A.More and more violence acts occur in schools   
B.Parents want to improve their Children's grades   
C.Parents are concerned about their children’s safety
D.The education system is far from satisfactory   
56. We can infer from the passage that          .
A.violence TV programs have bad effects on children’s behavior
B.the teacher at home is more patient than the teacher at school
C.children today are weak from lack of sense of right and wrong
D.there ale too many students in class for a teacher to teach

 Fourteen – year – old Richie Hawley had spent five years studying violin at the Community School of Performing Arts in Los Angeles when he took part in a violin contest. Ninety two young people were invited to the contest and Hawley came out first.

The contest could have been the perfect setup for fear, worrying about mistakes, and trying to impress the judges.But Hawley says he did pretty well in staying calm. “I couldn’t be thinking about how many mistakes I’d make—it would distract me from playing,” he says.“I didn’t even remember trying to impress people while I played. It’s almost as if they weren’t there. I just wanted to make music.”

Hawley is a winner. But he didn’t become a winner by concentrating on winning. He did it by concentrating on playing well.

“The important thing in the Olympic Games is not to win but to take part,” said the founder of the modern Olympics, Pierre de Coubertin.“The important thing in life is not the triumph but the struggle.The essential thing is not to have conquered but to have fought well.”

A characteristic of high performers is their intense, pleasurable concentration on work, rather than on their competitors or future glory or money, says Dr.Charles Garfield, who has studied 1,500 achievers in business, science, sports, the arts, and professions.“They are interested in winning, but they’re most interested in self-development, testing their limits.”

One of the most surprising things about top performers is how many losses they’ve had and how much they’ve learned from each. “Not one of the 1,500 I studied defined losing as failing,” Garfield says.“They kept calling their losses ‘setbacks’.”

A healthy attitude toward setbacks is essential to winning, experts agree.

“The worst thing you can do if you’ve had a setback is to let yourself get stuck in a prolonged depression. You should analyze carefully what went wrong, identify specific things you did right and give yourself credit for them.” Garfield believes that most people don’t give themselves enough praise. He even suggests keeping a diary of all the positive things you’ve done on the way to a goal.

1.Hawley won the contest because _______.

A.he put all his mind to his performance

B.he cared much about the judges’ feelings

C.he tried his best to avoid making mistakes

D.he paid close attention to the people around

2.High performers is that they tend to give priority to _______.

A.glory          B. wealth        C. pleasure    D. work

3.According to the passage, successful people concentrate on _______.

A.challenging their own limits         B.learning from others

C.defeating their opponents  D.avoiding setbacks

4. It can be learned from the passage that top performers are not _______.

A.interested in winning              B.free of losses

C.accustomed to failures             D.concerned about setbacks

5.The passage tells us that “praise” in times of trouble _______.

A.helps people deal with their disappointment

B.makes people forget their setbacks

C.makes people regret about their past

D.helps people realize their goals

 

I recently ran into a friend I hadn’t seen for a long while.Our conversation was lively and full of news from both sides.Before we parted she said,“You'll have to drop in sometime.” I immediately sensed that if I simply  “dropped in’’  I would take my friend by surprise,and I would be discouraged by the image of her standing in her doorway,staring at me,and asking,“Oh,err …what brings you here?”

Whatever happened to the unannounced drop-in visit? When I was growing up in the 1960s, it seemed that people - mostly relatives, but also friends - were always popping in. My parents would put coffee on,and my mom would find something in the kitchen to serve along with it.Then the conversation would begin…The neighbor lady,a worrier,was unloading her sadness while my mom quietly listened.The Irish man next door had such an accent that I remember asking what language he spoke.My Polish relatives arrived in packs…But I never heard my parents say anything like “We weren’t expecting you’’ or “This isn’t a good time.”Drop-in visitors had a certain right of way and became No.1.

What happened to such visits? Actually I know the answer.Times have changed.Everybody gets busy with work.There is no longer a stay-at-home mom keeping a pot of hot coffee or tea ready throughout the day for a surprise guest.Exploding malls and stores are now replacing homes as a central form of entertainment.

Just the other day a former student of mine showed up.“I'm sorry for the surprise visit.”my student began.“I just wanted to see if you still lived here.I'll only stay a minute.”My response was immediate.“ No, you won’t,” I said.“Just come in, sit, have coffee, and we’ll talk.’’

I had nothing in the kitchen but we ordered pizza.And we had a lovely time.I have tried to keep the drop-in tradition alive though it takes some effort.

1.The author thought of his friend’s invitation --- “You’ll have to drop in sometime”--- as _______.

A.a nice way of refusal

B.an excuse of leaving

C.a kind of politeness

D.an expression of surprise

2.The underlined phrase “ pop in”  in the second paragraph means _________.

A.make many friends

B.make a special date

C.have a good time

D.pay a sudden visit

3.The woman from the neighborhood used to visit the author’s home to ________.

A.seek comfort from my parents

B.make new friends

C.1isten to my parents’ story

D.taste nice dishes

4.From the third paragraph of the passage,we can infer that __________.

A.the author misses the lost good days

B.unexpected visitors are still welcome now

C.modern people prefer outdoor activities

D.there are more jobs for the housewives now

5.The author writes the passage intending to __________.     

A.encourage people to be drop-in visitors

B.explain how to deal with unexpected visitors

C.share his feelings about the drop-in tradition

D.show the importance of making friends

 

Every pet owner loves his pet. There is no argument here.

  But when we asked our readers whether they would clone (克隆, 复制)their beloved animals, the responses(反应) were split almost down the middle. Of the 228 readers who answered it, 108 would clone, 111 would not and nine weighed each side without offering an opinion.

  Clearly, from readers’ response, this is an issue that reaches deeply into both the joy and final sadness of owning a pet. It speaks, as well, to people’s widely differing expectations over the developing scientific procedure.

  Most of the respondents who favored the idea strongly believed it would produce at least a close copy of the original; many felt the process would actually return an exact copy. Those on the other side, however, held little hope a clone could never truly recreate a pet, many simply didn’t wish to go against the natural law of life and death.

  Both sides expressed equal love for their animals. More than a few respondents owned “the best dog/cat in the world”. They thought of their pets as their “best friend”, “a member of the family,”“the light of my life.” They told moving stories of pets’ heroism, intelligence and selfless devotion.

  Then the loss is so disturbing---and the cloning so attractive. “People become very close to their animals, and the loss can be just as hard to bear as when a friend or family member dies,” says Gary Kowalski, author of Goodbye, Friend: Healing Wisdom for Anyone Who Has Ever Lost a Pet. “For me, cloning feels like an attempt to turn death away…It’s understandable. Death is always painful. It’s difficult to deal with. It’s hard to accept.”

  But would cloning reduce the blow? This question seemed to be at the heart of this problem.

1.So far as the cloning of pets is concerned, a recent survey shows that, of all pet owners, ____.

A.a lot more of them are for it

B.a lot more of them are against it

C.very few of them are willing to tell their opinions

D.about half of them are for it and the other half against it

2.While talking about the respondents from the readers, the expression “final sadness of owning a pet” refers to ____.

A.the death of one’s pet

B.the high cost of owning a pet

C.the troubles one has to deal with in keeping a pet

D.the dangers about the cloning of a pet

3.From what Gary Kowalski says, we can know that he ____.

A.has never thought about the problem of cloning

B.is going to write another book on pets

C.is in favor of the idea of cloning pets

D.is all against the cloning of pets

4.What is the key question at the heart of the problem of cloning pets?

A.Can cloning make the pain one suffers less when a pet dies?

B.Can pet owners afford the cost of cloning?

C.Does cloning go against the law of nature?

D.How reliably does cloning produce an exact copy of one’s pet?

 

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