Every few years, two groups carry out a study of how many Americans wash their hands after using the toilet. These groups are the American Society for Microbiology and the American Cleaning Institute, formerly the Soap and Detergent Association.
There was good news in the latest study. Researchers found that eighty-five percent of adults washed their hands in public restrooms last month. That was the most since the studies began in 1996.
Researchers visited restrooms at a baseball park in Atlanta and a science museum and aquarium(水族馆) in Chicago. They also visited two train stations in New York City and a large farmers’ market in San Francisco. In all, they observed about six thousand adults, with females and males equal in number.
The researchers found that seventy-seven percent of men and ninety-three percent of women washed their hands. That was up from sixty-six percent of men and eighty-eight percent of women in the last study three years ago.
The lowest rate of hand washing among men was at Turner Field, home of the Atlanta Braves baseball team. Only sixty-five percent of men washed their hands, compared to all but two percent of women.
Chicago and San Francisco had the most hand washers—eighty-nine percent of adults. Atlanta followed at eighty-two percent. New York had the lowest rate, at seventy-nine percent of the adults observed at Grand Central Station and Penn Station.
The findings of the observational study conflicted(不一致) with the findings of a separate telephone survey of about one thousand people. Ninety-six percent of them said they always washed their hands after using public restrooms.
Almost nine out of ten also said they always washed after using the bathroom at home.
Hand washing can help prevent the spread of many different infections.
To clean your hands well, wet them first and rub in soap for at least twenty seconds, including between the fingers and under the nails. Then wash under running water. In a public restroom, if you dry your hands with a paper towel, you should also use the towel to shut off the water and open the door.
Hand washing is also important when preparing food and after changing a baby’s diaper(尿布). You should also wash if you cough or sneeze into your hands.
【小题1】According to the latest study, about ____ women washed their hands after using public bathroom.

A.1,980B.2,310C.2,640D.2,790
【小题2】Which of the following shows the right order of washing hands correctly?
a. Wash your hands under running water.
b. Rub your hands in soap for not less than twenty seconds.
c. Wet your hands.
d. Dry your hands with a paper towel.
e. Open the door, using a paper towel.
f. Shut off the water with a paper towel.
A.cbdaefB.cdabfeC.cbadfeD.cdabef
【小题3】Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A.Hand washing is up in public restrooms in the US
B.Americans like washing their hands so much
C.Adults have their hands washed in public restrooms
D.Why hand washing never enjoys popularity in the US

Every few years, two groups carry out a study of how many Americans wash their hands after using the toilet. These groups are the American Society for Microbiology and the American Cleaning Institute, formerly the Soap and Detergent Association.

There was good news in the latest study. Researchers found that eighty-five percent of adults washed their hands in public restrooms last month. That was the most since the studies began in 1996.

Researchers visited restrooms at a baseball park in Atlanta and a science museum and aquarium(水族馆) in Chicago. They also visited two train stations in New York City and a large farmers’ market in San Francisco. In all, they observed about six thousand adults, with females and males equal in number.

The researchers found that seventy-seven percent of men and ninety-three percent of women washed their hands. That was up from sixty-six percent of men and eighty-eight percent of women in the last study three years ago.

The lowest rate of hand washing among men was at Turner Field, home of the Atlanta Braves baseball team. Only sixty-five percent of men washed their hands, compared to all but two percent of women.

Chicago and San Francisco had the most hand washers—eighty-nine percent of adults. Atlanta followed at eighty-two percent. New York had the lowest rate, at seventy-nine percent of the adults observed at Grand Central Station and Penn Station.

The findings of the observational study conflicted(不一致) with the findings of a separate telephone survey of about one thousand people. Ninety-six percent of them said they always washed their hands after using public restrooms.

Almost nine out of ten also said they always washed after using the bathroom at home.

Hand washing can help prevent the spread of many different infections.

To clean your hands well, wet them first and rub in soap for at least twenty seconds, including between the fingers and under the nails. Then wash under running water. In a public restroom, if you dry your hands with a paper towel, you should also use the towel to shut off the water and open the door.

Hand washing is also important when preparing food and after changing a baby’s diaper(尿布). You should also wash if you cough or sneeze into your hands.

1.According to the latest study, about ____ women washed their hands after using public bathroom.

A.1,980            B.2,310             C.2,640            D.2,790

2.Which of the following shows the right order of washing hands correctly?

a. Wash your hands under running water.

b. Rub your hands in soap for not less than twenty seconds.

c. Wet your hands.

d. Dry your hands with a paper towel.

e. Open the door, using a paper towel.

f. Shut off the water with a paper towel.

A.cbdaef           B.cdabfe            C.cbadfe            D.cdabef

3.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A.Hand washing is up in public restrooms in the US

B.Americans like washing their hands so much

C.Adults have their hands washed in public restrooms

D.Why hand washing never enjoys popularity in the US

 

 

Wearing ties (领带) was originally (最初) the mark of Britain’s most powerful classes, which made the tie itself a symbol of power and respect. And that led it to be adopted(采用) by a much larger group-the business group.

You cannot wear a tie if you work with machinery (机械). So wearing a tie became a sign that you were a man who used your brain to make a living, rather than your hands. It showed you were serious. It showed you were a professional (专业人员). It meant that everyone who wanted a job in business had to wear one. It was just impossible to take seriously a man who didn’t wear a piece of colored silk around his neck.

This is how millions of people came to be wearing ties across the world. They are part of the uniform (制服) of business.

“Ties offer a point of indifference,” says John Milne, head of the British Guide of Tie Makers, “They give a chance to say something about their own personality.”

So if you happen to meet a man with a very brightly colored tie, there is a good chance that he is the office jobber. There is also a good chance that he will be wearing brightly colored socks.

Is there a future for ties? The signs are not promising. Tie wearing seems to be rare among the new brands of entrepreneurs (创业者) in the Internet and new technology Industries. Many political leaders, including former British Prime Minister Tony Blair, now go without ties. This shows they are men of the people-but not the people wearing ties.

It was common for men across the western world to wear hats as part of their business uniform up until around 1960. That changed with the election of John F. Kennedy to the presidency of the United States. Kennedy never wore a hat-in fact his nickname was “hatless Jack”. Seeing that the most powerful man in the world did not have to wear a hat, millions of other men decided that they did not have to, either. Hats simply vanished across the Western world. Perhaps “tieless Tony” (former UK Prime Minister Tony Blair) will have the same effect as “hatless Jack”.

56.In Britain, ties were first used as a sign to show a person’s       .

         A. personality  B. social position      C. wearing style       D. favorite hobby

57.The underlined word “vanished” in this passage may mean        .

         A. sold      B. washed        C. appeared     D. disappeared

58.The writer may hold the opinion that       .

         A. Blair is the best leader in the world

         B. Kennedy is the best leader in the world

         C. millions of people will go to work without a tie

         D. people will wear hats instead of ties

59Which of the following statements is TURE according to the passage?

         A. If you are a professional, you can’t wear a tie in Britain.

         B. The tie will become more fashionable and popular in the future.

         C. It was the election of John F. Kennedy to the presidency of the United States that changed the fact that wearing hats as part of their business uniform.

         D. Men across the western world didn’t wear hats as part of their business uniform until around 1960.

60..From the last paragraph we know that ___________.

Wearing ties remains very popular with powerful men in the world.

It is possible that wearing ties will not be fashionable in the future.

Wearing ties shows a man’s social identification, so it is likely that people, especially men around the world still will have to follow this fashion.

It will be inconvenient for people to wear ties and hats at work.

 

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