- William, you the car. - Sorry. I didn’t see the red light. A. should have stopped B. couldn’t have stopped C. must have stopped D. needn’t have stopped 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

— William, you ________ the car.

— Sorry. I didn’t see the red light.

A. should have stopped B. couldn’t have stopped

C. must have stopped D. needn’t have stopped

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写作（满分25分）

请从下列任务中选择你最喜欢的一位，用英语写一篇120词左右的短文。要求很具所给信息做适当发挥，且需包括以下三部分内容：

1. 对该任务的简单介绍；

2. 喜欢该任务的理由；

3. 从该任务身上得到的启示。


Thomas Edison	Helen Keller	William Shakespeare
inventor; creative; diligent; full of wisdom	ordinary but great woman; disabled; optimistic; eager to learn	writer; talented; imaginative; man of all ages
“Genius is one percent Inspiration and ninety-nine Percent perspiration.”	“… if I had the power of sight for three days.”	“life is a stage…”

Habits are a funny thing. We reach for them mindlessly, setting our brains on auto-pilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting creatures,” William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the ever-changing 21st century, even the word “habit” carries a negative meaning.

So it seems contradictory to talk about habits in the same context as innovation (创新). But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously developnew habits, we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.

Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact, the more new things we try, the more creative we become.

But don’t bother trying to kill off old habits; once those ruts of procedure are worn into the brain, they’re there to stay. Instead, the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads.

“The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder,” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. “But we are taught instead to ‘decide’, just as our president calls himself ‘the Decider’．” She adds, however, that “to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.”

“All of us work through problems in ways of which we’re unaware,” she says. Researchers in the late 1960s discovered that humans are born with the ability to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, collaboratively (合作地) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence, however, the brain shuts down half of that ability, preserving only those ways of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.

The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us use our innovative and collaborative ways of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief system — that anyone can do anything,” explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year I Will…and Ms. Markova’s business partner. “That’s a lie that we have preserved, and it fosters (促进，培养) commonness. Knowing what you’re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.” This is where developing new habits comes in.

Brain researchers have discovered that .

A．the forming of new habits can be guided

B．the development of habits can be predicted

C．the regulation of old habits can be transformed

D．the track of new habits can be created unconsciously

The underlined word “ruts” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to .

A．zones B．connections C．situations D．tracks

Which of the following statements most probably agrees with Dawna Markova’s view?

A．Decision makes no sense in choices.

B．Curiosity makes creative minds active.

C．Creative ideas are born of a relaxing mind.

D．Formation of innovation comes from fantastic ideas.

The purpose of the author writing this article is to persuade us .

A．to give up our traditional habits deliberately

B．to create and develop new habits consciously

C．to resist the application of standardized testing

D．to believe that old habits conflict with new habits

We were on the way from Hutchinson to Chicago for a short spring break. For many years I had wanted to take my family on the train. We all had been to Chicago four years ago, and the kids loved it. Chicago is one of my favorite cities, too, so the thought struck me again last fall to ride the train to Chicago. Of course, flying would have been faster. But I don’t think flying is easier, especially these days, with all the security and waiting in lines at airports.

Though we were tired in the middle of the night, the kids got on the train with the exhilaration of this adventure. “We’re moving,” my son William shouted happily with big eyes as the train began to pull away from the Hutchinson station.

I removed my shoes and lay down to try to finish my night’s sleep. The sleeper car would have better enabled that, but the ordinary train seats were not too bad. An airline flight is a more miserable experience for me: not enough room, two hours of pain with my knees almost touching my chin, the hard seatback in front cracking my kneecaps (膝盖) with every move of the body planted in front of me. On the train I could almost outstretch all of my 6-foot-2-plus body in the generous legroom.

The journey didn’t feel at all as long as it was. We all found the train ride a joy. The car ride would have felt every minute of 13 hours. But on the train you are free to walk around, sit in the observation carriage for a while and enjoy the scenery out the windows, have a nice meal in the dining car, read a book, or play a board game.

In short, the train is all about enjoying the trip, which isn’t something I do so much when traveling by airline or by car, when the trip seems more of a mission (任务) to get there than an experience to enjoy along the way.

Chicago offers much to do for a family. This time, getting there was half the fun.

1.We can learn from the first paragraph that _____.

A．the kids love the train journey

B．Chicago is one of the kid’s favorite cities

C．the author didn’t enjoy the long train journey

D．it was the first time that the kids were taken on the train

2.What does the underlined word “exhilaration” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?

A．Excitement. B．Relaxation. C．Tiredness. D．Worry.

3.In the third paragraph, an airline flight experience is mentioned to show _____.

A．an airline flight is easier B．a train ride is too long

C．an airline flight is miserable D．a train ride is more comfortable

4.Which of the following words best describes the whole family’s feeling about the train journey?

A．Moved. B．Delighted. C．Disappointed. D．Nervous.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

William Shakespeare once wrote, “Better three hours too soon than a minute too late.” While this may be a stretch, the principle is correct. 1

Throughout your life, you will encounter similar circumstances that require punctuality, such as handing in homework assignments; arriving at school, a job or a meeting; picking up someone from the airport, school, work, etc. avoid embarrassing moments by ridding yourself of any tendency to be late.

Here are some tips:

● Learn to manage your time wisely, which includes setting deadlines. There are a fixed number of minutes in a day---and only one of you. 2

● 3 This ensures they do not assume that you will be available for other projects.

● Procrastination(拖延) is a thief of time---avoid it at all costs! This includes waiting until the last second to start a task simply because you find it unpleasant.

4 Worrying about it will not accomplish anything!

● Before agreeing on a particular time for something, think about other events that might interfere.

● Try counting back from the scheduled time to figure out when you should begin getting ready. 5 For example, if you are scheduled to be at work at 9:00 a.m., a 30-minute car ride makes it 8:30, 15 minutes to eat breakfast makes it 8:15, and 30 minutes for grooming(洗刷) makes it 7:45, and so on.

A．If a task is difficult, do it first.

B．It is always better to be early rather than late.

C．Make sure others are aware of your deadlines.

D．A few minutes delay may not be a serious matter.

E. Moreover, habitual unpunctuality leads to indolence (懒散) and even failure in life.

F. Do not worry about the particular order of events; just assign(分配) time values to each.

G. Taking on too many responsibilities means that something will not be finished on time.

There are records of fingerprints taken many centuries ago. The ancient Babylonians pressed the tips of their fingerprints into clay to record business trade. The Chinese used ink-on-paper finger impressions for business. However, fingerprinting wasn't used as a method for identifying criminals until the 19th century．

In 1858, Sir William Herschel was working as an official of the Hooghly district in Jungipoor, India．In order to reduce fraud（诈骗）, he had people living in the district record their fingerprints when signing business documents. A few years later, Scottish doctor Henry Faulds was working in Japan when he discovered fingerprints left by artists on ancient pieces of clay．This finding inspired him to begin investigating fingerprints．In 1880, Faulds wrote to his cousin, the famous naturalist Charles Darwin, and asked for help with developing a fingerprint classification system．Darwin refused, but sent the letter to his cousin, Sir Francis Gallon, who was an eugenicist (优生学家). Gallon began collecting fingerprints and eventually gathered some 8, 000 different samples to analyze. In 1892, he published a book called "Fingerprints", in which he outlined a fingerprint classification system—the first existence．

Around the same time, Juan Vucetich, a police officer in Buenos Aires, Argentina, was developing his own version of a fingerprinting system．In 1892, Vucetich was called in to assist with the investigation of the two boys murdered in Necoche, a village near Buenos Aires. Their mother, Francisca Rojas, accused a neighbour named Velasquez. But when Vucetich compared the fingerprints found at the murder scene to those of both Velasquez and Rojas, they matched Rojas' exactly．She admitted her crime. This was the first time fingerprints had been used in a criminal investigation.Vucetich called his system comparative dactyloscopy（指纹鉴定法）. It's still used in many Spanish-speaking countries．

Sir Edward Henry, in charge of the Metropolitan Police of London, soon became interested in using fingerprints to catch criminals. In 1896, he added to Gallon's technique, creating his own classification system, the Henry Classification System. It is the primary method of fingerprint classification throughout most of the world．

1.Herschel had people record their fingerprints so as to_____．

A．develop a fingerprinting system B．prevent illegal business

C．put them on pieces of clay D．collect and study fingerprints

2.Who first came up with the idea of creating a fingerprint classification system?

A．Herschel． B．Faulds． C．Gallon． D．Darwin．

3.The underlined word "they" in Paragraph 3 probably refers to "_____"．

A．the fingerprints B．the two boys C．the crimes D．the police officers

4.We can learn from the text that _____．

A．Faulds collected many fingerprints while in Japan

B．Henry's classification system is based on Gallon's

C．Darwin showed great interest in studying fingerprints

D．Vucetich's fingerprinting system is still used all over the world

5.What is the text mainly about?

A．Different uses of fingerprints．

B．The history of fingerprinting．

C．Countries that first used fingerprints．

D．The way to collect and analyze fingerprints．

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