题目内容

阅读理解

　　Robots have been a part of the manufacturing work force for decades－one in 10 auto-workers, for instance, is now made of metal and electronics．Robots for the house have been slower to come．Household chores(家务杂事)are less predictable and repetitive than those of the assembly line(装配线), making them difficult to explain in the simple language of a machine．Then how can we solve this problem? One answer is to design robots that are flexible for specific tasks, such as cacuuming(用真空吸尘器清扫)．Another is to figure out a way to make robots simple－and cheap－enough that ordinary people can build their own from parts and program them to do whatever they please．

　　With funding from Google, Intel and Microsoft, scientists at Carnegie Mellon University(CMU)in pittsburgh have created a series of build-it-yourself robots which they say are simple and cheap enough for almost anyone to create．

　　It starts with a black box called Qwerk－the robot“brain” that CMU built and sells for $349 on its Website．Using off-the-shelf parts(wheels, screwdrivers, electrical tape)and some simple instructions, anybody can build a 10-centimeter-high robot and program the Qwerk brain．You might make a wheeled robot with a video camera that can keep an eye on your house and sound the alarm in case someone enters．

　　Scientists hope that by bringing simple robot technology to the marketplace, they can open up the industry to the greater public－maybe even make robotics fun．They’ve tested prototypes(原型)in classrooms and workshops, and even tried them out with young kids．While most of the robots serve practical uses, their goal, scientists say, is to get the public to start contributing its own designs, and even make robots a form of self-expression．One student, for example, made a robot that sits on the side of the road and when it sees a car going too fast, puts up a sign that says slow down!

(1)

Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

[　　]

A．

Robots have been used in manufacturing for decades．

B．

Robots are used to do housework more often than in the assembly line．

C．

Robots make up 10％of the auto-workers nowadays．

D．

Robots are made of metal and electronics．

(2)

Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University in pittsburgh get money for their research from________．

[　　]

A．

some IT companies

B．

the university

C．

banks

D．

the government

(3)

If you want to make a robot that can keep an eye on your house, which of the following might you NOT need?

[　　]

A．

A black box called Qwerk

B．

Some wheels

C．

A real gun

D．

A video camera

(4)

Scientists brought simple robot technology to the public in order to________．

[　　]

A．

help people solve household chores

B．

get people to start their own designs

C．

give people more chances to know robots

D．

change manufacturing robots into household ones

(5)

What would be the best title for the passage?

[　　]

A．

Mobile robots

B．

Home-made robots

C．

Factory robots

D．

Teaching robots

答案：1．B;2．A;3．C;4．B;5．B;
提示：

(1)

细节理解题。A，C和D均与文意相符，B与第一段第二句相悖。家务杂事不如装配线上的事务那样有预见性和重复性，家用机器人的开发和制作较为困难，所以自然也就没有多少成熟的产品问世。

(2)

细节判断题。根据第二段首句可知，该大学的科学家的研究经费来自Google, Intel和Microsoft三大IT巨头。

(3)

细节判断题。根据第三段可知，机器人首先需要“Qwerk”作为其大脑；看家机器人需要在房内到处巡视，应能行走，故需要“轮子”；另外，看家机器人应有“眼睛”，故还需要摄象机。发现入侵者时，其只能报警，而不能开枪击毙入侵者，故不应配备“真枪”。

(4)

细节理解题。依据最后一段倒数第二句话可以推断，科学家将机器人技术带给公众是为了激发公众的自创性。

(5)

标题判断题。本文主要讲述家用机器人的开发与制作以及发动广大公众积极参与到自制家用机器人中来。


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阅读理解

　　BALTIMORE－When 15-year-old Michael Thomas left home for school last May, he couldn’t have been prouder．On his feet, thanks to his mother’s hard work, were a pair of new Air Jordans－＄100 worth of leather, rubber and status(身份)that to today’s youth are the Mercedes-Benz of athletic footwear．The next day it was James David Martin, 17，who was walking down the street in Thomas’ new sneakers, while Thomas lay dead in a field not far from his school．

　　Martin was arrested(逮捕)for murder．

　　For the Baltimore school system, Thomas’ death was the last straw．He was the third youngster to have been killed over his clothes in five years．Dozens of others had been robbed of brand-new sneakers, fashionable jogging suits, leather jackets and jewelry．

　　This fall, the school board announced a dress code preventing leather shirts and jackets, jogging suits, gold chains and other expensive items．Joseph Smith, Board President, said, “Clothes have just gotten out of control”．Across the nation, parents, school officials, psychologists and even some children agree．They say that today’s youngsters, throughout the nation, have become clothes concerned(关心)．They worry about them, compete over them, pay no attention to school for them and sometimes even rob and kill for them．

　　In many cases, students are so concerned about what they and their classmates are wearing, they forget what they come to school for, educators said．In response, many public schools, mainly in eastern cities, have used school uniforms to cut down on competition．Educators say, in the present fashion climate, dressing students alike allows them more freedom to be normal individuals．

(1)

Why was Michael so proud of himself?

[　　]

A．

He got a new car－Mercedes-Benz．

B．

He wore expensive clothes worth＄100．

C．

He was in a pair of famous brand-new shoes．

D．

He had a very hard-working mother．

(2)

Martin was arrested for ________．

[　　]

A．

stealing expensive things in a street in Baltimore

B．

robbing several students of expensive clothes

C．

killing Michael Thomas for his expensive shoes

D．

murdering another two students for their clothes

(3)

The underlined word “climate” in the last paragraph means ________．

[　　]

A．

weather

B．

popularity

C．

situation

D．

atmosphere

(4)

The main purpose to use school uniforms in public schools is to help students ________．

[　　]

A．

decrease their concern for clothes

B．

get simple-dressed

C．

become more disciplined(守纪律)

D．

become normal persons

阅读理解

　　How would you like an easy way to earn ＄2500?All you have to do is to sit around and wait for your meals．There’s a catch however．You have to stay in a chicken cage with a stranger for a whole week．There are no books or television or radio for amusement．You can’t leave until the week is up．And a camera will be recording your every move．

　　Two people actually took the job．The idea came from Rob Thompson, a video artist．He wanted to make a film about the way animals are treated．His goal was to raise people’s awareness(意识)of the living conditions of animals that are raised for food．He decided to pay ＄5000 out of his own savings to two people who were willing to live like chickens for a week．

　　To Rob’s surprise, quite a few people answered his advertisement．He had interviewed and selected Eric, a 24-year-old restaurant worker, and Para, a 24-year-old chemist．The plan was for them to spend seven days together in a chicken cage that was six feet long and three feet wide．A camera would record their experiences, which would take place in an art museum．

　　The week was long and difficult．They slept on a hard wooden floor．They couldn’t stand up without hanging their heads．They ate vegetables and drank water from a garden hosepipe．Their only privacy was a toilet surrounded by a curtain．There were no sinks, mirrors, or toothbrushes in the cage．Their only inspiration was the two framed checks that hung on the wall outside the cage．Visitors who came here were warned, “Do not feed the humans．”

　　Finally it was over, and Para and Eric appeared from their cage．They had survived the week, and they each had a ＄2500 check in their hands．When Rob Thompson opened the cage, Eric came out, changed into clean clothes, and ate a chocolate bar right away．“It’s great to be able to stand up,” he said．Para just changed her clothes and left．After a week of visitors and reporters watching her, she didn’t want to talk to anyone．

(1)

The underlined word “catch” probably means “________”．

[　　]

A．

unsolved problem

B．

surprising wonder

C．

unbelievable fact

D．

hidden difficulty

(2)

What made it most difficult for the two to stay in the cage?

[　　]

A．

They didn’t know each other．

B．

They couldn’t lie down to sleep in the cage．

C．

They didn’t have meat to eat．

D．

They had to do almost everything under others’ eyes．

(3)

Rob offered the money because he wanted ________．

[　　]

A．

to see if there were any people who would like to live in a cage

B．

to show the public how terrible animals’ life could be

C．

to make more money by publishing the recorded videotapes

D．

to improve housing conditions of working people like Eric

(4)

Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

[　　]

A．

Easy Way to Earn ＄2500

B．

Do Not Feed the Humans

C．

Living Like a Chicken

D．

Getting Along Well Anyway

阅读理解

　　Mt．Qomolangma was first conquered(征服)in 1953, when Sir Edmund Hillary and Sherpa Tenzing, his guide, became the climbers to reach the top．More than 750 times have people tried to conquer the mountain, but not all successful, yet every climber knows the dangers．This doesn’t stop teams of climbers arriving at the base camp every year with the courage of reaching the top．

　　Two such climbers, and two unlucky ones are Scott Fischer and Rob Hall．Fischer, an American guide with much experience, was lost in a terrible storm which swept across the mountain．A rescue team found him and his friend, but didn’t manage to bring Fischer to safety in the terrible conditions because he was dying．New Zealander Rob Hall, another experienced climber and guide, was lost near the top．These two men had something in common：they were both guides and always took a “tour” of less experienced climbers up the mountain．

　　There is a lot that can go wrong in an action to reach the top of Mt．Qiomolangma：a sudden change in weather conditions or a wrong turning．Planes will only be sent to rescue if they have been paid for in advance．In spite of all these there is a business in leading guided tours to the top．Wealthy mountain climbers can now pay 64 000 or more to achieve their aim．

　　Many people wonder how guides can look after their inexperienced climbers when they fail to keep themselves alive．Steve Bell, also a guide who has recently led a team to Mt Qiomolangma, believes that they are safer than others, because the guide can ask a weak climber to turn back at any point if he feels that climber is a danger to the team．

　　Whether these expeditions(远征)are safe or not, many climbers feel they have turned Mt．Qiomolangma into a business, like a park for the very rich people．One truth, however, will always remain：it doesn’t matter how much money you have, if you make a mistake on Mt．Qiomolangma, the possible result will be death．

(1)

From the passage we can know ________．

[　　]

A．

before 1953 people had tried to reach the mountain top over 750 times

B．

it’s difficult and dangerous to get to the top of Mt．Qomolangma

C．

only a few climbers become successful

D．

up to now the climbers have conquered the mountain around 750 times

(2)

In the second paragraph the underlined word “tour” refers to “________”．

[　　]

A．

trip

B．

climb

C．

guide

D．

group

(3)

The plane will be sent to ________．

[　　]

A．

rescue the climber in danger without rescue prepaid

B．

rescue any climber in danger?

C．

show the team with its guide the way to the top

D．

show the team to the safety

(4)

According to Bell, a good guide had to make a choice at times to ________ remain on the way to the top．

[　　]

A．

the teammates in danger

B．

the teammates in safety

C．

the strong teammates

D．

those who are not dangerous

(5)

Although those who can afford to climb Mt．Qiomolangma are very rich, yet the mountain ________, according to the writer at the end of the passage．

[　　]

A．

treats them as common life

B．

is not like a park for them

C．

has been turned into a business

D．

doesn’t bring lots of money to them

阅读理解

　　Rob Kalin learned the secret to success while he was still in his baby bed．At age one, the Boston-bom teacher's son dragged around a stuffed rabbit that had been lovingly sewn by one of his mother's students．True, one of the ears was sewn on backward, but that just added to its magic．"It was always special to me," Kalin remembers of his first handmade craft(手工艺品)．

　　Kalin's appreciation for the simple and the simply eccentric(古怪的)inspired him to create etsy．com, an online craft fair, probably the largest market for handmade goods in the world．Last year, 350,000 woodworkers and other craftsmen sold their one-of-a-kind crafts on the four-year-old site．

　　They sell everything from hand-knit sleeves for Macbooks(＄32)to myrtle-wood electric guitars(＄3,200)．And in an age of chain stores, it seems there's still a big market．More than three million consumers in 150 countries purchased about ＄87.5 million worth of crafts on Etsy last year．

　　Emily Worden, founder of Elemental Threads, a custom handbag and jewelry company, signed up with Etsy when she started her company two years ago．She pays Etsy a 20-cent standard fee for each item she lists on the site, plus a 3.5 percent commission(回扣)on everything sold．Etsy allows her to track the number of times customers click on a particular item to view it．"We can see that our necklaces are a popularly viewed item and which colors and sizes get the most views," she says．"That is a guide to evolving our product lines．"

　　Today, Etsy's staff has ballooned to 70 employees, and the company reportedly earns more than ＄12 million a year．

　　Kalin's father was a carpenter and taught him early on how to use his hands．Indeed, in high school, he put his skills to work－developing the photos of his classmates and handcrafting a graduate ID to attend design classes．Eventually, he was admitted to New York University, studying classics and working as a carpenter．

　　Kalin has also started sewing some of his own clothes．"I have to make something physical at least once a month," says Kalin, "or I go crazy．"

(1)

In the first paragraph, the author mainly wants to tell us _________．

[　　]

A．

Kalin was interested in magic as a child

B．

Kalin's mother helped him to choose his career

C．

Kalin was taught to sew funny animals as a baby

D．

Kalin's childhood influenced his choice of career

(2)

What do we know about the crafts sold on etsy．com?

[　　]

A．

They are cheap．

B．

They are unique．

C．

They are made by famous craftsmen．

D．

They are designed for young artists．

(3)

By looking at the click rate of her products, Emily Worden can _________．

[　　]

A．

figure out how much she should pay Etsy

B．

know how many ladies like her items

C．

learn whether her company is well run

D．

predict what products will sell well

(4)

By saying "I have to make something physical at least once a month, or I go crazy", Kalin means that _________．

[　　]

A．

he enjoys making products

B．

he ought to take exercise

C．

he should care about his mental health

D．

he wants to start a clothing company

阅读理解

　　What if those new jeans you've just bought start tweeting(吱吱地叫)about your location as you cross London Bridge?

　　It sounds far-fetched, but it's possible－if one of your coats is equipped with a tiny radio-frequency identification device(RFID), your location could be revealed without you knowing about it．

　　RFIDs are chips that use radio waves to send data to a reader－which in turn can be connected to the web．

　　This technology is just one of the current ways of allowing physical objects to go online－a concept called the “Internet of things”, which industry insiders have shortened to IoT．

　　This is when not only your PC, tablet and smartphone can connect to the web, but also your car, your home, your baseball cap and even the sheep and cows on a farm．

　　Smart buildings and intelligent cars with assigned IP addresses are already making cities smarter－and soon enough, the entire planet may follow．

　　“A typical city of the future in a full IoT situation could be a place with smart cameras everywhere, neurosensors(神经监测系统)scanning your brain for over-activity in every street,” says Rob van Kranenburg, a member of the European Commission's IoT expert group．

　　This vision might still be years off, but one by one, “smarter” cities are beginning to crop up around our landscape．

　　IoT advocates claim that overall interconnectivity would allow us to locate and monitor everything, everywhere and at any time．

　　“Imagine a smart building where a manager can know how many people are inside just by which rooms are reflecting motion－for instance, via motion-sensitive lights,” says Constantine Valhouli from the Hammersmith Group, a strategy consulting firm．

　　“This could help save lives in an emergency．”

　　But as more objects go into the digital world, the fine line that separates the benefits of increasingly smart technology and possible privacy concerns becomes really blurred．

　　“The IoT challenge is likely to grow both in scale and complexity as seven billion humans are expected to coexist with 70 billion machines and perhaps 70,000 billion ‘smart things', with numbers invading the last fences of personal life,” says Gerald Santucci, head of the networked enterprise and RFID unit at the European Commission．

　　“In such a new context, the worries increase：to what extent can monitoring of people be accepted? Which principles should govern the deployment of the IoT?”

(1)

The first paragraph is used to ________．

[　　]

A．

introduce a new kind of jeans to readers

B．

arouse readers' interest in the RFID

C．

draw readers' attention to the new jeans

D．

set an example of using the RFID

(2)

The underlined phrase “crop up” in Para．8 can be replaced by “________”．

[　　]

A．

appear

B．

cooperate

C．

develop

D．

change

(3)

What can we know about IoT?

[　　]

A．

A typical city in a full IoT situation has come into reality．

B．

The application of IoT may invade people's privacy．

C．

The technology of IoT has saved lives in an emergency．

D．

IoT has been largely used in many cities．

(4)

If this text continues, what would be discussed next?

[　　]

A．

Solutions of defending people's privacy．

B．

The development of the IoT．

C．

The control on monitoring．

D．

Smart technology's disadvantages．

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