题目内容

Young women are more adventurous than young men when travelling abroad in gap years.One in three female backpackers visits more than three countries during a year out and travels alone, according to new research.
By contrast, the majority of their male counterparts(地位相当者) visit only one country and tend to travel in groups, says a survey by the Gap Year company, which provides information and services for students considering taking a year out.
More women than men say that their prime reason for taking time off is to see the world and experience different cultures.Men are more likely to rank “having fun” higher on their list of priorities.Women are more likely to value the challenge of a foreign trip, and many cited reasons such as learning a language and meeting new people.
The more adventurous gap years taken by women seem to work to their benefit; more than three quarters of those surveyed have reported increased confidence, self-reliance(自立) and independence, whereas only half of the men had that experience.
The research also shows that women are more likely to do voluntary work while travelling, with more than one in ten helping with teaching or development projects.One of the reasons given for this is a wish to see the country in an authentic light.
A greater proportion of women than men face objections or criticism from their families over their gap­year plans.Among the men surveyed, lack of money is the main barrier to travel.
Carolyn Martin, a doctor from London,is a typically confident female traveller.Starting in Cape Town, she travelled around southern Africa and Australia with a string of unusual and sometimes dangerous jobs.
“I had one job chasing elephants off the runway in Africa by banging a stick against a pan,” she recalled.“It was OK but one day I did get chased by one.”
She said that she had travelled alone because “you meet more people”.
【小题1】By referring to “gap year” the writer means ________.  

A.a gap you come across after leaving high school
B.a time when you are caught in a dilemma between work and study
C.a period after you find a job upon your graduation from college
D.a year off between high school and college for certain purposes
【小题2】In the third paragraph, the underlined word “priorities” most probably means ________
A.selectionsB.attractionsC.preferencesD.projects
【小题3】Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A.Men students will travel less during the gap year because of their part-­time jobs.
B.Women students will travel more but face more objections.
C.The article suggests that women travelling alone will have dangerous experiences.
D.Men students prefer to travel inside their own country to going abroad.
【小题4】Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?
A.Girls Get the Best out of Gap Years
B.Boys Lack Courage in Gap Years
C.For Fun or for Adventure?
D.Young Women Are More Adventurous


【小题1】D
【小题2】C
【小题3】B
【小题4】A

解析试题分析:文章介绍女性在空档年会独自旅行”,而男性更倾向于团体旅行。他们的旅游对的目的也不尽相同。男性主要是为了玩,女性更喜欢利用这个机会体验不同的文化,语言等。
【小题1】词义猜测题。文章第二段提到 students,所以相比之下,D 项最适合。在英国等国家,年轻人会有“空档年”,即上完高中、上大学之前的这段时间。而C 项是最大的干扰项,由常识可知,大学毕业后,学生一般都得忙着找工作,然后上班,没有足够的时间去旅行,所以D 项比C 项更贴切。
【小题2】猜词题:从文章的句子可以看出男性把玩乐看成是更偏爱的东西。选C
【小题3】细节理解题。由第六段第一句A greater proportion of women than men faced objections or criticism from their families over their gap-year plans. 可知,女性更喜欢在空档年出游,但与男性相比,她们面临更多的反对意见。选B
【小题4】主旨大意题。文章第三段提到女性旅行原因是了解世界、体验不同的文化、学习语言、认识新朋友。在第四段中作者提到“more than three quarters of those surveyed reported increased confidence, self-reliance and independence(超过四分之三的女性通过旅行会增强自信、自立和独立)”,而只有一半的男性有同样的体验。所以 A 项正确。D 项是最大的干扰项,其实 D 项与原文第一段首句相比缺少了关键的状语限定部分(when travelling abroad in gap years)。选A
考点:考查社会现象类短文
点评:这篇文章考查较全面:细节,推理,句意和主旨都考查了,特别是主旨题要注意最适合做文章题目的选项应该是最能概括文章主旨大意的选项,不能以偏概全。考生头脑中要对文章有了大概的印象:

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相关题目

Today’s generation of young people is the largest in human history. Nearly half the world’s population — more than 3 billion people — are under the age of 25. More than half the world’s young people — about 850 million between the ages of 10 and 24 — live in Asia and the Pacific region.

This rapidly expanding youth population is increasingly vulnerable to HIV.  Young people are at the center of the HIV/AIDS epidemic . Of the 10 million young people living with HIV worldwide, 21% live in Asia and the Pacific region. When surveying of all new HIV/AIDS cases globally, nearly a quarter of all people living with HIV/AIDS are under the age of 25. An estimated 6,000 young people are infected every day — one every 14 minutes. The majority are women and girls. In South Asia, where over 1 million young people between the ages of 15 to 24 are infected with HIV, more than half (62%) are young women.

Young people are key to defeating the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Yet in most countries, they lack the information, education and services that will enable them to make informed and healthy choices about their health, and the needs of youths are often ignored. UNESCO, in collaboration with other UN agencies, governments, NGOs and community-based organizations, makes efforts to ensure the health needs of youths, including HIV prevention education, programs and policies implemented throughout Asia and the Pacific region.

59. How many young people with HIV live in Asia and the Pacific area?

A. 3 billion                B. 850 million        C. 100 million            D. 2.1 million

60. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A. It’s young people themselves that can defeat HIV.

B. Most cases infected with HIV are young people.

C. Most young people who are infected with HIV are women.

D. Half of the world population is infected with HIV.

61. From the passage we can conclude that ________.

A. more and more young people will be infected with HIV

B. it’s because of not being informed that young people are easy to be infected

C. people in Asia and the Pacific region are easy to be infected

D. there is no policy for teenagers’ prevention of HIV

Eleven months ago, an act of good sportsmanship(体育精神)changed a girls’ running race into something bigger.

Jenna Huff received a national sportsmanship award from the US Olympic Committee for what she did for Deb Guthmann.
In the race, Jenna was behind Deb until the final few meters of the 5-kilometer race.
Then something awful happened. Deb’s right hip(髋部)broke. She screamed in pain and stopped.
Jenna had never met Deb and had been taught to pass every runner she could to win.
Instead, Jenna stopped with no hesitation.
“Come on.” Jenna told Deb. “We’re going to run.”
Jenna took Deb’s left elbow with her right hand. She helped her jog the last few meters. At the finishing line, she pushed Deb in front of her, reasoning Deb would have beaten her anyway if not for the injury. That act helped Deb’s team win the regional race and advance to the state meet.
Both girls are now 17.
Jenna is still an athlete for her school.
She and her parents went to Colorado to accept an award for the national sportsmanship award. Jenna had to give a five-minute speech to the crowd, a crowd which included a number of former Olympians. “I’m pretty scared about my speech,” Jenna said the other night when we talked on the phone. “You want to hear part of it?” She read me one part including the words from Albert Einstein: “Each of us comes for a short visit, not knowing why, yet sometimes seeming to a divine(神圣的)purpose. From the standpoint of daily life, however, there is one thing we do know:That we are here for the sake of(为了)others.”
Deb is also still running. She received a full scholarship to Emmanuel College in Franklin Springs, Georgia. The award was because of her excellent academic record and great sports potential.
But she recently got hurt again and was unable to run for weeks.
Even so, I am confident Deb will write a happier ending for herself one day. Both of these young women make you feel confident about the future. They are strong, compassionate(富于同情心的)and smart.
As Einstein said-and as Jenna showed 11 months ago— “we are here for the sake of others”.
【小题1】The story is intended to __________.

A.tell us an unexpected story in the girls’ running race
B.introduce a famous sportswoman
C.show the beauty of good sportsmanship
D.remind athletes to pay attention to their safety during the race
【小题2】The reason why Jenna pushed Deb in front of her at the finishing line is that __________.
A.she wanted to get the prize
B.she thought she didn’t match Deb in reality
C.she helped Deb’s team to win the regional race
D.Deb had been injured
【小题3】Deb received a full scholarship to Emmanuel College because __________.
A.she is still running
B.she was good at her academy and sports
C.she showed the good sportsmanship in the race
D.she never gave up even though she had been injured
【小题4】What can we know from the passage?
A.Jenna was the last one to reach the finishing line.
B.Deb went to Colorado to accept the prize with her parents.
C.The author had a face-to-face interview with Jenna the other night.
D.Helping each other can make a big difference to people’s lives.



B
Across the United States, there are several places where two independent towns grew together to become one city — but kept both their names.
Winston?Salem is one of them. It’s a mid?sized city in what’s called the plateau(high land), between the Atlantic Coast and the inland mountains in the state of North Carolina. The Winston part is a relatively new place, founded early this century. It’s home to the nation’s biggest open?air tobacco market.?
The giant R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company’s headquarters is in Winston?Salem, and Winston is the name of one of Reynolds’best?known cigarette brands. Fast?growing Winston soon surrounded the much older town of Salem, so in 1913, people in the area voted to combine them into a single place.?
From a historical and tourist point of view, Salem, or Old Salem, as it’s called today, is the interesting and unusual part of town.?
Salem was founded in the 1700s by the Moravians. They spoke German, and their community was religiously based, with single men and single women living apart in separate dormitories. The Moravians greatly valued women’s work and brainpower. In fact, one of the nation’s oldest boarding schools for young women— the Moravians’Salem Academy founded in 1772 — is still in operation. ?
Over the years, Salem lost its Moravian character. That all changed, though, when a nonprofit group began to rehabilitate the historic area. These days Old Salem is what’s called a living history museum, with exhibits, music, and tours of 18th-century houses, taverns and Moravian dormitory buildings just seven blocks from the tallest skyscraper in Winston-Salem.?
The historic community is booming again. Just as R. J. Reynolds is taking in millions of dollars making cigarettes across town, Old Salem is generating about S| 15 million a year in tourism revenue and donations.?
61. From the passage we can know that____________.?
A. Winston-Salem is the name of a city?
B. Salem is home to the tobacco market?
C. the city Winston-alem has two names?
D. Old Salem is the name of a tobacco brand
62. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that__________.?
A. the two cities benefited each other?
B. Salem developed faster than Winston?
C. R.J. Reynolds Company has moved into Salem?
D. the combination meets the wishes of the people
63. The city Salem is special for its__________.?
A. boarding school                          B. lifestyle and tradition?
C. respect for brainpower                    D. religious belief
64. The underlined word “rehabilitate” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to “_________”.?
A. reconstruct            B. evaluate         C. enlarge         D. decorate?
65. What will probably be talked about in the following part? ?
A. Some other attractions in Winston-Salem. ?
B. How Winston makes profits from tourism. ?
C. Other examples of cities combined by two parts.?
D. Something about the boarding school for women.

When I was a kid, I used to spend hours listening to Adam Carolla and Dr. Drew Pinsky on their Sunday night radio show Loveline. I listened so often that I began to use one of their well-known phrases—“good times”—in my daily conversations. Scientists have a name for this phenomenon: behavioral mimicry.
You’ve probably experienced this before: after spending enough time with another person, you might start to pick up on his or her behavior or speech habits. You might even start to develop your friend’s habits without realizing it. There is a large body of literature concerning this sort of phenomenon, and it regularly happens for everything from body gesture to accents to drink patterns(模式). For example, one study found that young adults were more likely to drink their drink directly after their same-sex drinking partners, than for the two individuals to drink at their own paces.
And the effect isn’t limited to real-life face-to-face activities. Another study found that the same you-drink-then-I-drink pattern held even when watching a movie! In other words, people were more likely to take a drink of their drinks in a theater after watching the actors on the screen enjoy a drink. At least I don’t feel so strange anymore, having picked up on Adam Carolla’s “good times”.
New research published today in the journal PLOS ONE indicates that the same sort of behavioral mimicry is responsible for social eating, at least among university-age women of normal weight. That’s right: the young women were more likely to adjust their eating according to the eating pace of their same-sex dining companion.
As with most experiments, these results raise a whole new set of questions. However, the finding that behavioral mimicry may at least partly explain eating behavior is important, and has real effects on health. The researchers note that “as long as people don’t fully recognize such important influences on intake (eating), it will be difficult to make healthy food choices and keep a healthy diet, especially when people are exposed to the eating behavior of others”.
【小题1】The author takes his own example of using “good times” to_______.

A.express his love for radio shows
B.prove the popularity of the show
C.show the influence of the hosts’ words
D.introduce the topic of the passage
【小题2】Which of the following is NOT an example of behavioral mimicry?
A.A boy eats his popcorn after watching the actor eat.
B.A boy buys a Nike shirt when he finds his desk-mate has one.
C.A girl unconsciously sits straight just as others do.
D.A girl takes on the Yorkshire accent after a month’s stay.
【小题3】It can be inferred from the last paragraph that _______.
A.behavioral mimicry is beneficial to our health
B.behavioral mimicry decides our eating behavior
C.people have realized the effect of behavioral mimicry on our health
D.It’s impossible to keep a healthy diet without knowing behavioral mimicry
【小题4】What is probably the author’s purpose of writing this passage?
A.To draw readers’ attention to popular radio shows.
B.To introduce behavioral mimicry and its influence.
C.To appeal to readers not to fall into others’ habits.
D.To advocate healthy food choices among readers.

请认真阅读下列短文,并在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。每空一词。

In the United States, engineering is a profession that has been dominated historically by men. Even today, it’s still true that few women become civil or chemical or mechanical engineers, but that’s something www.EngineerGirl.org aims to change. Young women who visit the web site can find out about a great career choice they might not have considered.

“Women are very much underrepresented in engineering and in engineering education programs and then of course, down the road, in the engineering workforce. So only about 20 percent of engineering undergraduate degrees go to women, and then only about nine percent of working engineers are women.”

Mary Mattis in the National Academy of Engineering, says the EngineerGirl website aims to reach young women around ages 11 through 14, when they are just getting old enough to start thinking about their futures.

“We know from the research that middle-school girls are at a critical point in their lives, and that it’s a time when we need to reach them, both with an understanding, increasing their awareness of interesting fields in engineering, what a wonderful productive and exciting career you can have as an engineer. But we also need to reach them at that time because you have to take certain courses, and you can’t start thinking about taking those courses when you’re a junior in high school.”

Engineering is a demanding course of study ---there is a lot of science and mathematics, for many girls and even boys, that can be challenging. But Ms. Mattis says that the EngineerGirl website stresses that engineering can also be fun and exciting.

“It’s about designing things. It’s about changing the world for people. It’s about making a difference. And, in addition, you can make a good living, you can be independent economically by becoming an engineer. All of those things are messages that girls need to get.”

While most engineers go into traditional fields such as mechanical and electrical engineering, the EngineerGirl site also highlights unusual engineering careers in fields such as sports engineering and --- believe it or not --- chocolate engineering.

“There’s a section called ‘why be an engineer,’ and that talks about the many opportunities and increasingly different opportunities like with bio-engineering and environmental engineering, some fields that might appeal to girls who want to make a difference or have a meaning for their careers beyond earning an income.”

Even if you are not a girl in the target age group, there’s a lot of interesting information on the site, including biographies of some notable women engineers.

Title

Website(71)______ Girls to learn Engineering

Present (72)_____ for the engineering profession in the USA

The majority of men take up the profession throughout(73) ______, while only a small number of women work as engineers.

(74)_____ of the website

To  make  young  women (75)_____ of interesting  fields  in engineering and what productivity and(76)_____ the career of being engineers can bring them.

(77)_____ of being engineers

* It can be fun and exciting.

* It can(78)_____ the world for people.

* You can make a good living.

* You can gain economic(79)_____ by becoming an engineer.

Other fields concerning engineering

Various opportunities are talked about like bio-engineering and engineering (80) _____ to sports, and even chocolate.

 

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