Recently some American scientists have given a useful sincere piece of advice to people in industrialized nations that they would be much healthier if they ate more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.

The scientists say that the human body has changed very little since humans first appeared on the earth, but the way we live has changed greatly. Our body has not been able to deal with these changes in life style and this has led to new kinds of sicknesses. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times, so they are called “diseases of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system, including heart attacks and strokes ( 中风 ) are examples of such diseases.

Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol or tobacco, probably none. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise, but a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.

Stone-age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic or tame ones ( 家畜 ). They also ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They didn’t have milk or any other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. But today, we eat a large amount of these. We eat six times more salt than our remote ancestors. We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein and much less vitamin C.

People today probably do not want to live the way people thousands of years ago did, but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate much the same way as remote ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.

67. What is the main cause that people suffer from a lot of new sicknesses?

A. Ancient people did a great deal of physical exercise.

B. People today have a lot of alcohol.

C. People today have more tobacco.

D. Food today is quite different from that of ancient times.

68. Which of the following belongs to the dairy products?

A. Milk             B. Corn     C. Pork            D. Flour

69. New kinds of sicknesses have been found because ________.

A. the human body has changed compared with humans who first appeared on the earth

B. the way we live has changed a little

C. our body can’t deal with the changes in life style

D. the way we live today is proper for the human body

70. According to some scientists, Stone-age people were much healthier than people today because they ate a lot of ________.

A. milk and other dairy products                        B. salt and sugar

C. wild animals, fresh wild vegetables and fruits     D. grain foods

 

Some of the United States’ biggest banks have closed their doors to students at community colleges, for-profit universities and other less competitive schools, even as they continue to extend government-backed loans to students at eh nation’s top universities.

Citibank has been among the most active in rebuilding the list of colleges it serves. JPMorgan Chase, PNC and SunTrust say have not dropped whole loan plans, but are cutting colleges. Some less-selective four-year colleges, like Eastern Oregon University and William Jessup University, say they have been dropped by some lenders.

The practice suggests  that if the credit crisis and poor conditions in the student loan business continue, some of the nation’s neediest students will be hurt most. The difficulty of borrowing money may keep them from attending school or force them to take a semester(学期) off.  For those who have got student loans, they will end up with less attractive terms and may run a greater risk of dropping out if they have to change lenders in the middle of their college year.

Tuition and loan amounts can be quite small at community colleges. But these institutions, which are a stepping stone to other educational programs or to better jobs, often draw students from the lower ranks of the economic classes. According to the most recent data, about a third of US graduates took out loans, a majority of them guaranteed by the government.

“If put too many obstacles in their way to get a loan, they ’ll take a third job or use a credit card,” said Jacqueline K. Bradley, assistant director for financial aid at Mendocino College. “That almost guarantees that they won’t be as successful in their college career.”

Some loan companies have stopped the students loan business entirely, viewing it as unprofitable in the current environment. Students attending first-class, expensive, public and private four-year universities can expect to remain plentiful. The banks generally say these loans are bigger, more profitable, and less risky, perhaps in part because the banks expect graduates from these universities to earn more.

So far, financial aid administrators say they have been able to find some lenders that students can switch to, but this is costly to students--- in money and time.

59. Who will be the most upset at the news?

A. A poor students at a top university.          B. A poor students at a community university.

C. A bank clerk dealing with student loan business.

D. A teacher from a for-profitable university.

60. With too many obstacles in their way to get a loan, students will probably __________.

A. switch to top universities                       B. cancel their credit cards

C. fail in their exams                                 D. win a scholarship

61. When they say something is “government-backed”, you mean it is ___________.

A. guaranteed by the government                B. dropped by the government

C. against government                               D. for government

62. What is the best title for the passage?

A. The students loan business in America.    B. Banks and universities in America.

C. Student loans start to drop colleges.        D. Credit crisis starts to affect loans.

      

Protecting Copyright

Having finished her homework, Ma Li wants some music for relaxation (娱乐). As usual, she starts her computer and goes to Baidu.com to download music files. But this time she is surprised when an announcement about protecting songs’ copyright bursts onto the screen. The age of free music and movie downloads may have come to an end as Web companies like Baidu are accused of pirating copyright. Lawsuits(诉讼) have been filed against four websites offering free downloads. In September 2005, a Beijing court ordered Baidu to pay recording company Shanghai Push compensation for their losses. Baidu was also told to block the links to the pirated music on the website. This caused a heated discussion on Interact file sharing.

“Baidu’s defeat in the lawsuit shows it is not right to get copyrighted songs without paying. Downloaders may face lawsuits or fines,” said an official.

Like many teens, Huang Ruoru, an 18-year-old girl from Puning in Guangdong Province, doesn’t think that getting music from websites is wrong. She always shares her favourite songs downloaded from Baidu with her friends. When told about the lawsuit, she began to feel a little guilty about obtaining others’ work without paying.

However, other teenagers have different ideas. Wang Yafei, a Senior 2 girl from Jinan, Shandong Province pointed out that file sharing is a good way to promote pop singers. “If I download a song and really like it, I will buy the CD,” she said. “So what the recording companies really should concentrate on is improving their music, rather than pursuing (追赶)file-sharers.”

1. Which of the following best describes the passage?

A. Music on the Internet is of better quality.    

B. Downloading material can be illegal.

C. It’s good to get free music on the Internet.        

D. Baidu is a popular web company.

2. The four web companies were put to court because _________.

A. they got copyrighted songs without paying           

B. they downloaded copyrighted music for people

C. they make copyrighted files for free downloads

D. they offer free music on line

3. How do some of the teenagers feel while downloading free music after the lawsuit?

A. A bit guilty.        B. A little sad.      C. Extremely angry.   D. Awfully sorry.

4. What’s the advantage of file sharing for recording companies?

A. Getting more money from web companies.    

B. Enabling people to download favorite songs.

C. Helping to improve the music.               

D. Making pop singers more popular.

5. It can be inferred from the text that _________.

A. Web companies are still ignoring the copyright laws.

B. Teenagers haven’t got money to buy CDs.

C. Teenagers are probably still downloading free music.

D. Teenagers prefer CDs with copyright to pirated music.

 

I will never forget the year I was about twelve years old. My mother told us that we would not be  1  Christmas gifts because there was not enough money. I felt sad and thought, “What would I say when the other kids asked what I’d  2   ?” Just when I started to  3   that there would not be a Christmas that year, three women  4   at our house with gifts for all of us. For me they brought a doll. I felt such a sense of  5   that I would no longer have to be embarrassed when I returned to school. I wasn’t  6   . Somebody had thought enough of me to bring me a gift. 

      Years later, when I stood in the kitchen of my new house, thinking how I wanted to make my  7   Christmas there special and memorable, I  8   remembered the women’s visit. I decided that I wanted to create that same feeling of  9   for as many children as I could possibly reach.

      So I  10  a plan and gathered forty people from my company to help. We gathered about 125 orphans (孤儿) at the Christmas party. For every child, we wrapped colorful packages filled with toys, clothes, and school supplies,  11  with a child’s name. We wanted all of them to know they were special. Before I called out their names and handed them their gifts, I   12  them that they couldn’t open their presents until every child had come forward. Finally the   13  they had been waiting for came as I called out, “One, two, three. Open your presents!” As the children opened their packages, their faces beamed and their bright smiles   14  up the room. The   15  in the room was obvious, and it wasn’t just about toys. It was a feeling –the feeling I knew from that Christmas so long ago when the women came to visit. I wasn’t forgotten. Somebody thought of me. I matter. 

1. A. sending          B. receiving          C. making       D. exchanging

2.A. found            B. prepared          C. got          D. expected

3.A. doubt            B. hope             C. suggest       D. accept

4.A. broke in         B. settled down       C. turned up     D. showed off

5. A. relief            B. loss               C. achievement   D. justice

6. A. blamed          B. loved              C. forgotten      D. affected   

7.A. present          B. first               C. recent        D. previous

8.A. hardly           B. instantly           C. regularly       D. occasionally

9. A. strength          B. independence      C. importance     D. safety

10. A. kept up with      B. caught up with     C. came up with   D. put up with

11.A. none            B. few              C. some          D. each

12. A. reminded         B. guaranteed       C. convinced      D. promised

13.A. chance           B. gift              C. moment       D. reward

14.A. lit               B. took             C. burned        D. cheered

15.A. atmosphere       B. sympathy         C. calmness      D. joy

 

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