题目内容
Americans are proud of their variety and individuality，yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform，whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a fivestar general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?
Among the arguments for uniforms，one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian(百姓的)clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic(技工) is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse，a policeman，a barber，or a waiter to lose professional identity（身份）than to step out of uniform?
Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry(洗衣店）bills. They are taxdeductible(可减税的)．They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes.
Primary(主要的) among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality experienced by people who must wear them. Though there are many types of uniforms，the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it，without change，until retirement. When people look alike，they tend to think，speak，and act similarly，on the job at least.
Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are longlasting，often their initial(最初的)expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain（维持，维护），requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering(洗涤) possible with many types of civilian clothes.
【小题1】It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality______.
| A．still judge a man by his clothes |
| B．hold the uniform in such high regard |
| C．enjoy having a professional identity |
| D．will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform |
【小题2】People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform ____.
| A．suggests quality work | B．discards(丢弃)his social identity |
| C．appears to be more practical | D．looks superior to a person in civilian clothes |
【小题3】The chief function of a uniform is to ____.
| A．provide practical benefits to the wearer | B．make the wearer catch the public eye |
| C．inspire the wearer ' s confidence in himself | D．provide the wearer with a professional identity |
【小题4】According to the passage, people wearing uniforms ____.
| A．are usually helpful | B．have little or no individual freedom |
| C．tend to lose their individuality | D．enjoy greater popularity |
【小题5】The best title for this passage would be ____.
| A．Uniforms and Society | B．The Importance of Wearing a Uniform |
| C．Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform | D．Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms |
【小题1】B
【小题1】A
【小题1】D
【小题1】C
【小题1】D
解析
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America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while—then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us develop more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending(延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality(好客) easily.
Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!
【小题1】The writer of this passage must be ________.
| A．an American | B．a Chinese | C．a professor | D．a student |
【小题2】Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
| A．Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families. |
| B．Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives. |
| C．Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy. |
| D．Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break. |
【小题3】From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American friend, we will probably be ________.
| A．warmly welcomed at the airport | B．offered a ride to his/her home |
| C．treated hospitably at his/her home | D．treated to dinner in a restaurant |
【小题4】The underlined words “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ________.
| A．strict with time | B．willing to spend time |
| C．careful with time | D．serious with time |
【小题5】A suitable title for this passage would probably be “________”.
| A．Americans’ and Chinese’s views of friendships | B．Americans’ hospitality |
| C．Friendships between Chinese | D．Friendships between Americans |
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