By the time he was 18years old.hehad travelled to most of the countries in Europe．题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

题目内容

9．By the time he was 18years old，hehad travelled （travel） to most of the countries in Europe．

分析到他18岁的时候，他已经游历了欧洲大多数的国家．

解答答案：had travelled
解析：根据横线前面的by the time he was 18 years old"到他18岁的时候"（过去时）可知，后面的句子该使用"过去完成时"（表示过去的过去要用过去完成时）．综上，本题答案为：had travelled．

点评本题考查单词填空，做此类题目时一定要结合句意及所给词仔细分析句子结构，确定所填词的正确形式．

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20．Itembarrassed（使尴尬，使难堪） her to talk with strange people．

17．Our flight was delayed because of the foggy weather．______，the whole journey was wonderful．（　　）

4．Sixteen years later，in 1884，the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District Railway________ and provided underground service in the middle of the city．（　　）

14．Joshua Benjamin Sumsion，a young driver，who was not wearing his glasses when he hit and killed a pedestrian has been spared jail．The young guy was 19when he struck Adelaide man Shahid Talpur on States Road at Morphett Vale in 2011，just after sunset．The young driver tried to make a turn but the impact of the crash threw Mr Talpur across the road and he was struck by at least two more vehicles．
Sumsion admitted guilty to causing death by dangerous driving．The victim had lived close by and his wife was extremely painful when she found out the accident victim on the road was her husband．Judge Geoffrey Muecke accepted Sumsion，now 22，was very regretful and suspended（延缓） a jail sentence of two years and nine months．"I'm satisfied that good enough reasons exist in your case to suspend that sentence，"he said．"Those reasons include the circumstances of you causing accident，the background to you not wearing your glasses on the evening of Mr Talpur's death，your youth，your otherwise good character and the fact that I am convinced you are truly regretful．"Sumsion was banned from driving for 10years．
Judge Muecke said Sumsion had complained of trouble driving at night，but didn't admit the state of his eyesight．He had suffered through a series of unlucky events since 1999and was in low spirit at the time of the crash．Those events included a head injury and he"had difficulty accepting yet another disability"，the judge said．"You began to see yourself as physically weak and vulnerable，"he said．"It was more than your coping skills could physically deal with．"
He said Sumsion now accepted the need to wear his glasses．A relative told the court Sumsion had been growing into a"wonderful young man"but since the accident had always kept a distance from friends and family．

39．When was Sumsion born？A
A．In 1992．
B．In 1991．
C．In 1993．
D．In 1994．
40．What was the decisive reason for the judge to suspend the jail sentence？C
A．The circumstances of Sumsion causing accident．
B．Sumsion's not wearing glasses on the evening of Mr Talpur's death．
C．Sumsion's being truly regretful for the accident．
D．Sumsion's being so young when the accident happened．
41．What does the underlined word"vulnerable"in the third paragraph probably mean？B
A．Very valuable．
B．Easily hurt．
C．Badly treated
D．Specially protected．
42．What can be inferred from the last paragraph？D
A．Sumsion hasn't realized his fault in the accident．
B．Sumsion is a wonderful young man now．
C．Sumsion is afraid of being scolded by friends and family．
D．Sumsion has been affected greatly by the accident．

1．Only on this way can you solve the problem．on-in．

2．When an emergency situation occurs，observers are more likely to take action if there are few or no other witnesses．This phenomenon is referred to as the bystander effect．
The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect，which is named after Catherine"Kitty"Genovese，a young woman who was cruelly murdered on March 13，1964．Early in the morning，28-year-old Genovese was returning home from work．As she approached her apartment entrance，she was attacked and stabbed （刺） by a man later identified as Winston Moseley．Despite Genovese's repeated cries for help，none of the dozen or so people in the nearby apartment building who heard her cries called police for help．The attack first began at 3：20，but it was not until 3：50 that someone first contacted police．
Many psychologists were set thinking by the incident，as well as most Americans．As the conclusion，the bystander effect came out and later proved by a series of studies and experiments．
There are two major factors that contribute to the bystander effect．First，the presence of other people creates a division of responsibility．Because there are other observers，individuals do not feel as much pressure to take action，since the responsibility to take action is thought to be shared among all of those present．The second reason is the need to behave in correct and socially acceptable ways．When other observers fail to react，individuals often take this as a signal that a response is not needed or not appropriate．
Other researchers have found that onlookers are less likely to take action if the situation is ambiguous．In the case of Kitty Genovese，many of the 38 witnesses reported that they believed that they were witnessing a"lovers'quarrel"，and did not realize that the young woman was actually being murdered．
61．The bystander effect is also called the Genovese effect becauseBa woman surnamed Genovese．
A．it somehow caused the murder of
B．its discovery resulted from the murder of
C．it was actually discovered by
D．it always makes people think of
62．Genovese was murderedD
A．while she was going out
B．in her apartment
C．halfway home
D．near her apartment
63．Which can NOT have been a possible reason for the neighbors NOT offering Genovese help？A
A．They believed in the bystander effect．
B．They thought someone else might help her．
C．They didn't think they should help．
D．They didn't think she needed help．
64．Before deciding to offer help，observers mayC，according to the psychol
ists．
A．wait for sort of a signal
B．hesitate and estimate the risk of getting hurt
C．want to be sure it's appropriate to react
D．wonder if the victim is worth helping
65．The article seems to suggest that，if there had beenBobservers，Genovese might not have been murdered．
A．no
B．fewer
C．more
D．braver．

3．"Dr．Papaderos，what is the meaning of life？"
The usual laughter followed，and people stirred（骚动）to go．
Papaderos held up his hand and looked at me for a long time，asking ith his eyes if I was serious and seeing from my eyes that I was．
"I will answer your question．"
Taking his wallet out of his hip pocket，he fished into a leather billfold and brought out a very small round mirror，about the size of a quarter．And what he said went like this：
"When I was a small child，during the war，we were very poor and we lived in a remote village．One day，on the road，I found the broken pieces of a mirror．
"I tried to find all the pieces and put them together，but it was not possible，so I kept only the largest piece．This one，and，by scratching it on a stone，I made it round．I began to play with it as a toy and became fascinated by the fact that I could reflect light into dark places where the sun woul never shine-in deep holes and cracks and dark closets．It became a game for me to get light into the most inaccessible （难达到的） places I could find．
"As I became a man，I grew to understand that this was not just a child's game but a metaphor for what I might do with my life．I came to understand that I am not the light or the source of light．But light-truth，understanding，and knowledge-is there，and it will shine in many dark places onlyif I reflect it．
"I am a fragment（碎片）of a mirror whose whole design and shape l do not know．Nevertheless，with what I have I can reflect light into the dark places of this world-into the black places in the hearts of men-and change some things in some people．Perhaps others may see and do likewise．This is what I am about．This is the meaning of my life．"

21．Why did Dr．Papaderos like the small round mirror so much as a child？B
A．Because he was too poor to afford other toys．
B．Because it could shine the places where the sun couldn't reach．
C．Because he believed it would bring good luck to him．
D．Because it told him a lot about what life really meant to him．
22．The underlined"metaphor"in the 8th paragraph most probably meansA．
A．symbol         B．source            C．light     D．purpose
23．Which of the following might be the best title for the passage？D
A．A Special Game in the Childhood      B．A Piece of Mirror
C．Dr．Papaderos'Experience            D．The Meaning of Life．

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