题目内容
3.Should corporations be able to patent human genes?The Supreme Court(最高法院) is considering that question today.The idea that corporation can patent genes is disturbing and in some cases deadly.Today's case could produce a landmark ruling that either allows corporations to go further to lock up genes with exclusive patents,or unshackles human genes,allowing doctors and researcher to work more freely in combating deadly diseases.People's genes can say a great deal about their health.There are genes that reveal an increased likelihood of getting cancer,heart disease or Alzheimer's.Today's case focuses on two genes that have genetic mutations that can indicate a higher risk of breast and ovarian cancer.hen doctors know that a woman carries these genes,they can provide appropriate and ofte life-saving treatments.
Unfortunately for carriers of those genes,a Salt Lake City-based company caled Myriad Genetics claims that it has a patent over"isolated"forms of these two genes.That means that Myriad has exclusive control over testing for the two genes.That is too much power to put in one company-and the risk is high.Medical experts have told the court that Myriad's patent have led to people being misdiagnosed.
Gene patents also discourage scientists from conducting research that could lead to cures and better therapies.A survey of more than 130genetic laboratories found that 53% of the respondents(受访者) chose mot to develop or perform genetic tests for clinical or research purposes because there was a patent.
On the law,this should not be a hard case.The Supreme Court has long held that patents can protect products of human wisdom-but not laws and phenomena of nature.Human genes are clearly parts of nature-not human creations.Myriad argues that it is not patenting nature when it patents genes because it is protecting the process of isolating those genes from the body.But as the American Medical Association argues in a brief that is like saying that the first surgeon who removed a kidney(肾脏) should be able to get a patent on all"isolated"kidneys.
60.To"unshackles human genes"(underlined,para.1)means toB.
A.control human genes for exclusive use
B.frustrate the attempt to patent human genes
C.make an important ruling on human genes
D.make research on human genes more efficient
61.The danger of having a gene patented isD.
A.obtaining absolute power over the development of medicine
B.threatening the Supreme Court'authority over genes
C.reducing the amount of medical research conducted on it
D.slowing down the research conducted on other genes
62.Myriad defended itself by saying thatD.
A.it only had patents over two types of genes
B.it only patented two mutations of the same gene
C.the patented genes had nothing to do with cancer
D.it only patented the way the genes were isolated
63.The example of"isolating kidney"is used toC.
A.explain the impossibility od patenting kidney
B.illustrate the possibility of patenting nature
C.challenge Myriad's attempt to defend itself
D.accuse the Supreme Court of inaction.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了关于人类基因的专利权的争论.
解答 60.B.词义猜测题.根据上下文内容可知,Today's case could produce a landmark ruling that either allows corporations to go further to lock up genes with exclusive patents,or unshackles human genes,allowing doctors and researcher to work more freely in combating deadly diseases.句意为今天的案例可能会产生一个具有里程碑意义的裁决,要么允许公司进一步锁定专利的基因,要么解开人类基因,允许医生和研究人员更自由地对付致命的疾病.故unshackles意为解开人类基因专利的尝试.故选B.
61.D.细节理解题.根据文章A survey of more than 130genetic laboratories found that 53% of the respondents(受访者) chose mot to develop or perform genetic tests for clinical or research purposes because there was a patent可知获得基因专利的危险是其他基因进行研究速度回减慢;故选D.
62.D.细节理解题.根据文章Myriad argues that it is not patenting nature when it patents genes because it is protecting the process of isolating those genes from the body可知他用基因的分离的方法是唯一的专利这样的话来保卫自己;故选D.
63.C.细节理解题.根据文章But as the American Medical Association argues in a brief that is like saying that the first surgeon who removed a kidney(肾脏) should be able to get a patent on all"isolated"kidneys可知"孤立肾"是用来为例去反驳Myriad的观点的;故选C.
点评 本文是一篇科教类阅读,题目涉及多道主旨大意题,细节理解题,推理判断题.做题时学生应仔细阅读原文,把握文章主要内容,联系文章上下文内容并结合所给选项含义,从中选出正确答案,一定要做到有理有据,切忌胡乱猜测.
--OK.You have one if you behave well.( )
A. | might | B. | must | C. | could | D. | shall |
I told my friend Graham that I often cycle the two miles from my house to the town center but unfortunately there is a big hill on the route.He replied,"You mean(41)B."He explained that I should be glad of the(42)C exercise that the hill provided.
My(43)Ato the hill has now changed.I used to(44)Das I approached it but now I tell myself the following.This hill will exercise my heart and lungs.It will help me to(45)Cand get fit.It will mean that I live longer.This hill is my friend.(46)B,I have a smile of(47)A as I reach the top of the hill.
Problems are there to be faced and(48)D.We cannot achieve anything with a/an(49)Clife.Helen Keller was the first deaf and blind person to(50)Aan University degree.She wrote,"Character cannot be(51)Din ease and quiet.Only through(52)B of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened,vision cleared,ambition inspired and success achieved."
One of the main(53)Cof success in life is our attitude towards adversity.At times we all face hardships,problems,accidents and difficulties.(54)Awe cannot choose the adversity,we can choose our attitude towards it.
Douglas Bader was 21when in 1931he had both legs amputated(截肢)following a flying accident.He was(55)Bto fly again and went on to become one of the leading flying aces(擅长的人).He was a/an(56)C to others during the war.He said,"Don't listen to anyone who tells you that you can't do this or that.That's nonsense.(57)Byour mind,and you'll never(58)D crutches(拐杖)or a stick,then have a go at everything.Go to school,join in all the games you can.Go(59)Ayou want to.But never,never let them (60)Dyou that things are too difficult or impossible."
41.A.straightly | B.fortunately | C.carefully | D.quickly |
42.A.abundant | B.proper | C.extra | D.necessary |
43.A.attitude | B.access | C.entrance | D.affection |
44.A.climb | B.confuse | C.comment | D.complain |
45.A.put on weight | B.gain weight | C.lose weight | D.take my weight |
46.A.Gradually | B.Finally | C.Rarely | D.Approximately |
47.A.satisfaction | B.devotion | C.decoration | D.caution |
48.A.understood | B.clarified | C.defeated | D.overcome |
49.A.tough | B.difficult | C.easy | D.reasonable |
50.A.gain | B.accept | C.accomplish | D.admire |
51.A.founded | B.produced | C.constructed | D.developed |
52.A.happiness | B.experiences | C.difficulties | D.pressures |
53.A.emphasis | B.conflicts | C.factors | D.powers |
54.A.While | B.As | C.Because | D.If |
55.A.devoted | B.determined | C.commanded | D.forced |
56.A.appreciation | B.qualification | C.inspiration | D.destination |
57.A.Open up | B.Make up | C.Come to | D.Come into |
58.A.reject | B.deliver | C.abandon | D.use |
59.A.anywhere | B.everywhere | C.nowhere | D.somewhere |
60.A.advise | B.attempt | C.request | D.persuade. |
One day,I was working behind the front counter,taking (13)B.The customers were coming and going,and the woman who (14)D didn't seem any different from most others.
She ordered her meal and I told her the total.As she searched(15)Bher purse to find some change,the woman soon (16)B that she was about a dollar short."I'm (17)C to say this,but I guess I won't be able to make my purchase (18)C,"she said sadly.
That's when I had the idea of paying the difference for her.She refused at first,but after I(19)B,she agreed.She thanked me and moved to the end of the counter to (20)A her order.I continued with my work and thought(21)C more of it.
About an hour later (22)Dhad slowed down and I was waiting for my next customer.Then I glanced over towards the (23)A and saw the same woman whom I'd helped with the money entering again.I (24)B rognized her.
She walked straight up to me and said,"I want to thank you again for what you did.You see,I'm a diabetic(糖尿病患者),and(25)D I need to eat something right away.That's (26)CI came in earlier.If you hadn't helped me as you did,I (27)Chave fainted.Thank you."
She (28)B me two dollars,twice what I'd given her.
(29)Athe woman walk away,I realized that God had used me to help her.In the end,I was (30)D not only with money but also with the satisfaction of knowing that I'd helped someone out of a tight spot.
11.A.firstly | B.roughly | C.certainly | D.strictly |
12.A.which | B.what | C.that | D.it |
13.A.menus | B.orders | C.service | D.food |
14.A.reached | B.moved | C.presented | D.approached |
15.A.out | B.for | C.about | D.across |
16.A.recognized | B.realized | C.admitted | D.said |
17.A.guilty | B.disappointed | C.embarrassed | D.regretful |
18.A.above all | B.first of all | C.in all | D.after all |
19.A.requested | B.insisted | C.suggested | D.reminded |
20.A.pick up | B.pick out | C.carry out | D.bring out |
21.A.none | B.anything | C.nothing | D.something |
22.A.customers | B.orders | C.pressure | D.business |
23.A.entrance | B.restaurant | C.counter | D.window |
24.A.suddenly | B.immediately | C.surely | D.completely |
25.A.at a time | B.in time | C.some time | D.sometimes |
26.A.when | B.where | C.why | D.how |
27.A.shall | B.may | C.might | D.need |
28.A.owed | B.handed | C.paid | D.spent |
29.A.Watching | B.Looking | C.Observing | D.Noticing |
30.A.awarded | B.honored | C.returned | D.rewarded |
I was(22)D to do it.At age five,this dull task brought me such (23)A.I would excitedly turn the tap(水龙头) (24)D and brush(刷)the comb carefully.Satisfied that I'd done a good job,I wuld happily return the comb to Dad.He would (25)B affectionately(慈爱的) at me and place the comb on his wallet.
Two years latter,Dad started his own (26)B,which wasn't doing so well.That was when things started to(27)B.Dad didn't come home as early and as much as he used to.Mum and I became (28)C with him for placing our family in trouble.With (29)A,an uncomfortable silence grew between us.
After my graduation,Dad's business was getting back on track.On my 28th birthday,Dad came home(30)B.As usually I helped him carry his bags into his study.When I turned to leave,he said,"Hey,would you help me(31)C my comb?"I looked at him a while,then(32)B the comb and headed to the sink.
It hit me then:why,as a child,(33)C Dad clean his comb was such a pleasure.That routine(习惯) meant Dad was home early to (34)D the evening with Mum and me.
It (35)C a happy and loving family.
I passed the clean comb back to Dad.He smiled at me and (36)D placed his comb on his wallet.But this time,I notied something (37)A.Dad had aged.He had wrinkles next to his eyes when he smiled,(38)D his smile was still as (39)B as before,the smile of a father who just wanted a good(40)B for his family.
21.A.bag | B.wallet | C.comb | D.brush |
22.A.annoyed | B.relieved(宽慰的) | C.ashamed | D.pleased(高兴的) |
23.A.Joy(愉快) | B.sadness | C.courage | D.pain |
24.A.out | B.over | C.in | D.on |
25.A.stare | B.smile | C.shout | D.laugh |
26.A.family | B.business | C.tsk | D.journey |
27.A.progress | B.change | C.improve | D.form |
28.A.satisfied | B.delighted | C.mad | D.strict |
29.A.time | B.patience | C.speed | D.ease |
30.A.occasion ally | B.early | C.frequently | D.rarely |
31.A.sharply | B.repair | C.clean | D.keep |
32.A.dropped | B.took | C.handed | D.threw |
33.A.watching | B.letting | C.helping | D.hearing |
34.A.find | B.lose | C.waste | D.spend |
35.A.affected | B.broke | C.meant | D.supported |
36.A.firmly | B.hurriedly | C.casually | D.carefully |
37.A.different | B.exciting | C.interesting | D.urgent |
38.A.for | B.or | C.so | D.yet |
39.A.convincing | B.heartwarming | C.cautious | D.Innocent(无辜的) |
40.A.origin | B.life | C.reputation | D.education |