题目内容
14．The United States estimates that about one out of every 10 people on the planet today is at least 60years old．By 2050，it's projected to be one out of 5．This means that not only will there be more old people，but there will be relatively fewer young people to support them．Professor Richard Lee of the University of California at Berkeley says this aging of the world has a great effect on economics．"Population aging increases the concentration of population in the older ages and therefore it is costly，"he said．
Aging populations consume （消耗） more and produce less．With more people living longer，it could get expensive．But Mr．Lee says with continuing increases in worker productivity and smart planning，it can be manageable．
Societies have different methods for caring for the elderly，but each carries a cost．Generally，there are three types of support．Seniors can live off the wealth they gained when they were younger．They can rely on their family to take care of them，or they can rely on the government．
In industrialized nations，governments created publicly-funded （公共资助的） support systems．These worked relatively well until recent years，when aging population growth in places like the United States and Western Europe began to gradually weaken the systems'finances．These nations now face some tough choices．Mr．Lee says the elderly in some of these countries must either receive less money，retire later or increase taxes to make the system continuable．
Most developing nations haven't built this type of government-funded support，but have instead relied on families to care for their elderly．These nations also generally have a much younger population，which means their situation is not as urgent as more developed nations．But Mr．Lee says that doesn't mean they can ignore the issue．"Third World countries should give very careful thought to this process，to population aging and how it may affect their economies-now，before population aging even becomes an issue，"he explained．
29．"Aging"in this text meansD．
A．there are more young people than old people
B．an increasing number of old people are dying
C．more and more young people are growing old
D．the percentage of old people in the world is increasing
30．What is Professor Richard Lee's attitude towards population aging？C
A．Indifferent．B．Negative．
C．Optimistic．D．Worried．
31．The publicly-funded support systems in industrialized nationsA．
A．are facing the risk of failing
B．have failed to provide support for the old
C．will be replaced by other support systems
D．have greatly affected the nations'economies
32．We can infer from the text that developing nationsB．
A．don't see population aging as an issue
B．should prepare for population aging．
C．are facing urgent situations of population aging
D．have better ways to deal with population aging．
分析 短文主要介绍了美国人口老龄化给政府经济带来的困扰，并说明了发展中国家虽然问题没那么严峻，但也需采取措施．
解答 29．D，推理判断题，根据句子The United States estimates that about one out of every 10 people on the planet today is at least 60years old．By 2050，it's projected to be one out of 5．美国60岁以上的人有十分之一，到2050年预计会有五分之一，因此可以推测Aging该词的意思就是"世界上老龄人口增加"，故答案为D．
30．C，推理判断题，根据句子Mr．Lee says with continuing increases in worker productivity and smart planning，it can be manageable．可知，李教授认为这问题是可以处理的，因此可见他态度是乐观的，故答案为C．
31．A，细节理解题，根据句子These worked relatively well until recent years，when aging population growth in places like the United States and Western Europe began to gradually weaken the systems'finances可知，随着老龄化人口的增加，政府公共资助的系统资金正逐渐减少，故答案为A．
32．B，细节理解题，根据句子But Mr．Lee says that doesn't mean they can ignore the issue可知，虽然发展中国家问题还不严峻，但应做好准备，故答案为B．
点评 解答任务型阅读理解题，首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意．因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料．其次，细读题材，各个击破．掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息．最后，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性．对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准．
