题目内容
When it comes to the process of knowing , understanding and learning something , knowledge is processed （经加工的）information and , the way individuals select and store information leads to the formation of structure , which differs from one person to another and forms the basis for various jobs and potentials（潜力）.
The knowledge structure , thought invisible , is extremely important for learning and for distinguishing a good learner from the rest . What matters most during a person’s scholarly career is not how many books one has read but whether and how well one’s knowledge structure has been established.
Knowledge can be fully functional in the cerebral cortex（大脑皮层）only if it has been weaved into a network of knowledge or else it will fall apart with little use.
The most important thing for a knowledge structure is classification which is a complex individual mental process where new information is compared ,clarified and linked with the previous one . As a result , the processed information has been filed into specific areas , such as politics , literature and so on , available for use at any time . It is possible , however , that someone may have read and experienced a lot but still acts like a beginner . This phenomenon may be explained purely from a possibility that the information he received may have been dislocated in his memory stack where there is no shortage of materials ; what he is actually lacking is the system of processing materials , resulting in failure to retrieve information when it is required.
Instead of always staying the same , the knowledge structure is in fact forever in the process of trans-formation in terms of shape , angle and quality, which may sometimes produce certain surprise to a person all at once . To make the most of one’s intelligence , therefore , the best way is to better one’s knowledge structure before everything else.
71. What’s the passage mainly about?
A. The storage of your brain information B. The functions of your knowledge
C. The structure of your knowledge D. The process of transforming knowledge
72. The following statements about knowledge structure are true EXCEPT that .
A. it lays a basis for your jobs B. it can be adopted to judge learners
C. it differs from one person to another D. it is always unchanging for individuals
73. A person’s scholarly career mainly depends on .
A. the number of books he has read B. the way his knowledge structure has been formed
C. the quality of materials he has collected D. the memory of information he has got
74. The underlined word “retrieve” probably means .
A. get back B. adapt to C. keep off D. forget about
75. From the passage we may get the point that .
A. all the information in your brain is ready for use at any time
B. the storage of information involves only one memory stack of your brain
C. one with a poor knowledge structure can never get improved
D. your knowledge will be of little use without knowledge structure
CDBAD
it is 55 that one day it will be a useful companion.
7a robot that moves around a home should be.
C. difficulty D. foot
D. designGallows humor(黑色幽默) may seem like a mistake, or at least in poor taste. But psychologists say that gallows humor can be an important way to relieve stress.“Humor makes you feel in control and it can give you that feeling that everything is okay even when it’s not,”says James M.Jones, a psychology professor at the University of Delaware.
Psychologists say that just because you’re laughing doesn’t mean you’re wasting time. Occasional tease among colleagues, particularly if it is associated with the job, can inspire creativity, departmental cohesiveness(凝聚力) and performance.
“There are a lot of stresses out there,”says Ed Dunkelblau, a psychologist in Chicago.“Gallows humor is a way of making difficult things a little less difficult.”
This is as long as the humor is used for the right purpose. The main point of it should be inspiring people—not laughing at them. “Anything that would lift morale(士气) in terms of the company would be good humor,”says Thierry Guedj, a professor.
You want to give your employees and co-workers a sense of belonging, so don’t make observations that are aggressive. Most obviously, Dr. Guedj says, don’t make comments about people’s physical appearance or faith. If you have any doubt about its appropriateness, don’t go through with it.
Or you can take aim at the person that you know won’t be offended(冒犯): yourself. “If there’s going to be a joke or story, it should be you,”Mr Dunkelblau says.
“People with the ability to laugh at themselves can give other people permission to laugh at themselves, too,”Mr Jones says.“And if you can laugh at yourself, you feel better about yourself.”
1.According to the passage, gallows humor has the following functions EXCEPT .
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A．leading to a big mistake |
B．reducing pressure |
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C．making people more creative |
D．improving performance |
2.What is Ed Dunkelblau’s attitude towards gallows humor?
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A．Negative. |
B．Positive. |
C．Neutral.(中立的) |
D．Uncertain. |
3.When people use gallows humor, they should .
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A．observe who is aggressive |
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B．show a sense of belonging |
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C．doubt about the result of humor |
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D．try to avoid involving private things |
4.What can we infer from the passage?
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A．People tend to laugh at others rather than themselves. |
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B．Laughing at yourself can make others free from stress. |
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C．People can’t avoid offending others with gallows humor. |
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D．People who laugh at themselves are easy to gain others’ permission. |
Most people feel lonely sometimes，but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours，This kind of loneliness is not serious．In fact，it is quite normal．For some people，though，loneliness can last for years．Now researchers say loneliness comes in three different types．
The first kind of loneliness is temporary．This is the most common type．It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention．The second kind is situation，for example，family problem，the death of a loved one，or moving to a new place．Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems，such as headaches and sleeplessness，it usually does not last for more than a year．The third kind of loneliness is the most serious．Unlike the second type, chronic (the opposite of‘temporary’) usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause．People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others．Unfortunately，many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition．
Psychologists(心理学家) agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person’s social contacts，for example，friends，family members，co-workers，etc．We depend on various people for different reasons．For instance．our family give us emotional support，our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our fiends share similar interests and activities．
However，psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts，they sometimes feel they should have more．They question their popularity．
Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons：they are unhappy and unable to socialize arid there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease，while temporary and situational loneliness can be a sad，and sometimes dangerous condition．
1.How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?
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A．Talk to friends． |
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B．Go to see a doctor． |
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C．Just ignore it． |
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D．Ask your teacher for guidance． |
2.Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?
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A．Chronic loneliness can cause family problems． |
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B．Chronic loneliness is incurable． |
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C．Chronic loneliness can not be overcome． |
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D．Chronic loneliness call cause serious illness． |
3.Loneliness is divided according to ________．
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A．the time it lasts |
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B．the places where it appears |
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C．different people it happen to |
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D．different seasons when it appears |