题目内容
Electrical devices(仪器)could soon use power made by human energy. Scientists say they have developed an experimental device that produces electricity from the physical movement of a person walking , British scientist Max Donelan and other scientists in Canada and the United States developed the device.
The device connects to a person’s knee. As the person walks ,the device captures energy each time the person slows down. To do this ,the device helps with the slowing sown movement of the leg, the movements of the walking person push parts of a small machine that produces electricity. Using the device, an adult walking quickly could produce thirteen watts of electricity in just a minute. Donelan says walking at that speed could produce enough power to operate a laptop computer for six minutes.
There are several possible uses for the device. Developers say it could help people who work in areas without electricity to operate small computers. The device could also he used in hospitals to operate heart pacemakers(起博器), it could even be used to assist in the movement of robotic arms and legs.
The experimental version of the device weighs about one and a half kilograms, but it is too costly for most people to buy, but the researchers hope to make a lighter, less costly version, An improved version should be ready in one year.
The developers hope the device will one day help developing countries; nearly twenty five percent of people around the world live without electric power.
A similar product was invented in 2005 by Larry Rome of the University of Pennsylvania, He created a bag carried on a person’s back that also produces power from walking. The knee device does not produce as much electricity as the bag, but the bag requires the walker to carry a load of twenty to thirty kilograms.
1.. The second paragraph mainly talks about
A. who developed the device B. how the device works
C. several possible uses for the devices D. how much electricity the device can produce
2.. What is the disadvantage of the experimental version of the device?
A. It is too heavy for the walker to bear B. It is too complex for people to use
C. It is too expensive for most people to afford D. It will slow down one’s walking speed
3.. Compared with the device designed by Larry Rome, this new device
A. produces power without adding more loads to the walker
B. can produce more power in a much shorter time
C. needs to be equipped with a battery
D. can help the walker walk faster
4.. From the passage, we can learn that the electrical device can
A. help housewives operate the washing machine
B. make it much easier for us to go online
C. produce more electricity than that invented by Larry Rome
D. be applied in medical fields to operate heart pacemakers
5.. What would be the best title for the passage
A. First device powered by walking will soon be on the market
B. Advanced technology brings in a new way to operate heart pacemakers
C. Device gives new meaning to the idea of power walking
D Human energy will become a main source of electricity
1.B
2.C
3.A
4.D
5.C
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲述科学家研制出一种固定在人膝盖上的发电装置。这种装置可通过收集人走路时损失的能量发电。
1.推理题，第二段主要讲了这种电子装置的工作原理，即它是如何利用人步行来发电的。故选B。
2.细节题，根据第四段中“it is too costly for most people to buy”可知这种实验版的设备费用太高，大多数人买不起。故选C。
3.推断题。根据末段可知，过去Larry Rome发明的设备虽然也是靠行走获取能量，但是需要步行者背重达20到30公斤的负荷，而这种佩戴在膝盖上的设备重量只有1.5公斤，不需增加步行者的太多负担。故选A。
4.细节题，根据文章第三段“the device could also be used in hospitals to operate heart pacemakers”可直接选出答案D项。A项文中没有涉及到，B项表述不科学，根据文章最后一段可以推断C项表述错误。故选D。
5.主旨题，文章主要突出的内容是这种新的电子设备使得利用人步行获取能量变得轻松、容易。故选C。
考点：考查科技说明类短文
黄冈天天练口算题卡系列答案“In only six days I lost seven pounds of weight.”
“Two full inches in the first three days!”
These are the kinds of statements used in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, promising good shapes and new look to those who buy the medicine or the device. The promoters of products say they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles, or in some other way add to beauty or desirability.
Often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. The results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health.
To understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. If the product is a drug, FDA (Food Drug Administration) can require proof under the Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act that it is safe and effective before it is put on the market. But if the product is a device, FDA has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. If a product already on the market is a danger to health, FDA can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure (查封) of the product.
One notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the Relaxacisor, which had been sold for reducing the waistline. The Relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. FDA took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the device on the grounds that was dangerous to health and life.
Obviously, most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings (法律诉讼), and new devices appear continually, Before buying, it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items.
1.It can be inferred that ads mentioned in the text are_____.
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A．objective |
B．costly |
C．unbelievable |
D．illegal |
2.The Relaxacisor is mentioned as______.
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A．a product which was designed to produce electricity |
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B．a product whose distributor was involved in a legal case |
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C．a successful advertisement of a beauty product |
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D．an example of a quality beauty product |
3.The author intends to______.
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A．make consumers aware of the promoters’ false promise |
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B．show the weakness of the law on product safety |
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C．give advice on how to keep young and beautiful |
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D．introduce the organization of FDA |
4.Which of the following is true according to the text?
A. The court is in charge of removing dangerous products.
B. New products are more likely to be questionable.
C. The production of a device must be approved by FDA.
D. The promoters usually just care about profits.
It takes years of school to develop math skills, but learning about numbers starts earlier than you might think. Now according to a new study, at three months, babies have already started acquiring a concept (概念) of “how much”.
Previous research had suggested that very young babies can tell when the number of objects (物体) in a group has changed. But the babies in these studies were simply reacting generally to the fact that something had changed, they suspected.
Researchers of Harvard University studied 36 babies, all three months old. During the tests, each baby wore a hat with sensors (传感器). The babies watched a series of images on a computer screen. They showed the same object, such as a cartoon character. For a while, the number of the objects in the pictures didn’t change. Then the images began to display a different object, or a different number of one of the objects the babies had previously looked at. As soon as something changed, the babies’ brains responded with a specific pattern of electrical signals, which would be recorded by sensors.
By analyzing these signals, the researchers discovered that one part of the brain (near the top on the left side) responded when the object in the image changed. A different part of the brain (lower and on the right side) responded when the number of objects in the image changed. This was not the area of the brain that is involved in attention. That suggests that the babies’ brains are doing more than just reacting to a change in what they’re seeing – they actually seem to be able to tell number changes from other types of changes.
Numbers and amounts are important concepts in our lives. Even though babies are years away from adding, subtracting (减), multiplying, and dividing, their brains seem to be preparing for a time when they finally will.
1.Why were hats with sensors used in the study?
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A．To record the images on the computer screen. |
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B．To remind babies of the changes of numbers. |
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C．To record the electrical activity of each baby’s brain. |
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D．To help babies concentrate on the computer screen. |
2.What does the underlined word “They” in the third paragraph refer to?
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A．Babies involved in the study. |
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B．Sensors worn by the babies. |
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C．Numbers marked on the objects. |
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D．Images shown on the computer screen. |
3.Which part of the brain is responsible for responding to the changes of numbers?
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A．The top. |
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B．The left side. |
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C．The lower and the right side. |
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D．The upper and the left side. |
4.The last paragraph mainly implies that .
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A．babies are in fact cleverer than they are thought |
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B．it is impossible to understand human brain completely |
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C．numbers play the most important part in people’s lives |
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D．the ability of babies remain a mystery to scientists |
5.The purpose of the study is to prove that .
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A．math skills should be developed as early as possible |
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B．numbers are easier for babies to judge than images |
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C．babies really do have some sense of numbers |
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D．babies can react differently to what they see |
第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，共1 0分）
根据短文内容，从下框的A～F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余选项。
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A．The introduction of Paris |
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B．The culture of Paris |
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C．The population growth in Paris |
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D．The production of Paris |
E．The education in Paris
F．The industries in Paris
51．____________
Paris, the capital and the largest city of the country, is in north central France．The Paris metropolitan area contains nearly 20% of the nation’s population and is the economic, cultural, and political center of France．The French government have historically favored the city as the site for all decision making, thus powerfully attracting nearly all of the nation’s activities．
52．___________[来源:ZXXK]
Paris has grown steadily since it was chosen as the national capital in the late 10th century．With the introduction of the Industrial Revolution, a great number of people moved to the city from the country during the 19th century．The migration was especially stimulated by the construction of railroads, which provided easy access to the capital．After World War II, more and more immigrants arrived．
53．____________
The city is the centralized control point of most national radio and television broadcasting．It is a place of publication of the most important newspapers and magazines and an international book publishing center．With more than 100 museums, Paris has truly one of the greatest concentrations of art treasures in the world．The Louvre, opened as a museum in 1793, is one of the largest museums in the world．
54．___________
In the late 1980s about 4.1 million pupils annually attended about 47,000 elementary schools．In addition, about 5.4 million students attended some 11,200 secondary schools．Approximately 1.2 million students were enrolled annually at universities and colleges in France in the late 1980s．French centers of learning have served as academic models throughout the world．
55．___________
Paris is the leading industrial center of France, with about one quarter of the nation’s manufacturing concentrated in the metropolitan area．Industries of consumers goods have always been drawn to Paris by the enormous market of the big population; and modern, high-technology industries also have become numerous since World War II．Chief manufactures are machinery, automobiles, chemicals and electrical equipment．