Like many Czechs (捷克人), Luká? Bern?, 38, enjoys going out to the pub with his friends for conversation and a few beers. “I don’t drink every day,” he says. “I think about three times a week. When I go out, I usually have five to six beers at a time, about the same as my friends.” The beers are half-liters, or 500ml each.

If a half-liter of four-percent beer contains 16g of pure alcohol(酒精), Bern? and his friends are drinking 80 to 96 grams of pure alcohol on each outing. The Czech Republic’s National Institute of Public Health, however, suggests that men take in fewer than 24g of pure alcohol per day; women, fewer than 16g.

Medical experts in over 40 countries around the world have agreed that drinking “too much” can cause harm. What they can’t seem to agree upon is just how much is “too much.” National safety levels are quite different, from a limit of 10g a day in the Netherlands to Denmark’s 60g.

There are a number of reasons for this. Dr. Larry Altshuler, a medicine expert for the Cancer Treatment Centers in Tulsa, explains that while everything is based on research, “Every group, race, and gender responds to alcohol differently.”

Also, researchers aren’t using the same models or methods. He adds, “It can be like apples and oranges. How do you measure alcohol? Units, drinks, bottles or cans? What’s the alcohol content(含量)? Is it light or heavy?” While a half-liter of four percent beer contains 16g of pure alcohol, a half-liter of five percent lager contains 20g.

Constance Scharff, a director of Addiction Research at Cliffside Malibu Treatment Center in California, says she believes the reason “is largely cultural.” “But the evidence is clear that the more you drink, the more likely you are to develop alcohol-related health problems.”

1.The first paragraph is intended to ________.

A. describe the habit of Luká? Bern?

B. advise readers to live a carefree life

C. direct readers’ attention to the topic of drinking

D. support the popular belief that Czechs fancy drinking

2.The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refers to ________.

A. the alcohol limit for Czechs

B. the measurement of alcohol content

C. the concern over the harmful effects of drinking

D. the difference in national safety levels of alcohol

3.According to the passage, what might determine the national safety standards of alcohol?

A. Drinking length and alcohol containers.

B. Drinking atmosphere and alcohol quality.

C. Cultural differences and measuring methods.

D. Research results and alcohol-related health problems.

4.What may be the best title for the passage?

A. How Can Drinking Be Safe?

B. How Much Alcohol Is Too Much?

C. Why Does Alcohol Do Harm to Health?

D. What Harm Will Alcohol Cause to Us?

Choosing a college major is one of the most important choices you can make about your education and future career.1. What you study in school often determines what career opportunities you will have when you graduate.

There are a number of steps you can take before making a final decision.2. If you enjoy marine life, for instance, you should consider a marine biology major. If you love star-gazing, consider becoming an astronomer.

Next, consider the academic subjects in which you excel(优秀). If you’re not strong in math you might be better off not choosing engineering. If you are good at English you might choose to become an author or a journalist.3..

Once you’ve established a list of potential career fields, research them further to determine which college majors are most proper. Then you can get an idea for what courses you’ll need to take. 4..

Choosing a college major you will enjoy is important. You might find college life to be less stressful if you enjoy your classes.5.. Perhaps most importantly, choosing the correct major may improve your overall happiness and quality of life.

A. Your teacher is there to help with just this sort of dilemma.

B. If you struggle with these steps, consider looking for outside help.

C. It may even be more important than where you attend college.

D. Your future career choices may rely heavily on what you study in college.

E. You might also avoid the unpleasantness that comes with changing your major.

F. Compare the list of your interests with the list of your talents and see which fields overlap (交叉).

G. Begin by making a list of your personal interests and careers which correspond with them.

I had the meanest mother in the world. While other kids ate candy for breakfast, I had to have cereal (麦片粥), eggs and toast. Others had cokes and candy for lunch, while we had to eat a sandwich. As you can guess, my supper was different from the other kids’. But at least I was not alone in my suffering. My sister and two brothers had the same mean mother as I did.

My mother insisted on knowing where we were at all times. She had to know who our friends were and what we were doing. We had to wear clean clothes every day. Other kids always wore their clothes for days. We reached the height of disgrace (丢脸) because she made our clothes herself, just to save money.

The worst is yet to come. We had to be in bed by 9:00 each night and up at 7:45 the next morning. So while my friends slept, my mother actually had the courage to break Child Labor Law. She made us work. I believed she lay awake all night thinking up mean things to do to us. Through the years, our friends’ report cards had beautiful colors on them, black for passing, red for failing. My mother, however, would merely be content with black marks. None of us was allowed the pleasure of being a dropout (辍学者).

She forced us to grow up into educated and honest adults. Using this as a background, I’m now trying to bring up my three children. I’m filled with pride when my children think I am mean because now I thank God every day for giving me the meanest mother in the world.

1.From the passage we can learn that the writer’s mother was .

A. not generous at all B. very strict with her children

C. very mean with money matters D. very cruel to her children

2.Which of the following things did the writer hate to do most?

A. Eating differently from other kids.

B. Wearing clean clothes which were made by mother.

C. Going to bed early and getting up early.

D. Letting mother know where they were.

3.It can be inferred from the passage that .

A. the writer worked hard and usually got good grades in studies

B. mother was punished for breaking the Labor Law

C. all the other kids studied better than the writer

D. the writer’s family lived a painful life

4.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Mother practised economy in running her home.

B. The writer is very thankful to her mother.

C. The writer is strict with her children when bringing them up.

D. The writer doesn’t love her mother for the past painful life.

A trip to Paris is not complete without a visit to the Eiffel Tower. To get the most out of your visit, read our tips below:

Visit at Night

Riding up the Eiffel Tower at night and looking out over the streets of Paris, you’ll see why Paris is known as the “City of Light”. At street level,the spotlights on the top of the Tower zoom across the Paris skyline, and the reflections of the Tower in the Seine are sights not to be missed.

Purchase Your Ticket in Advance Online

Bypass the long ticket lines at the Eiffel Tower by purchasing your ticket online from the Eiffel Tower website. You’ll pick a time to visit, and then select whether to print out the ticket or display it on your phone or iPad a convenient option if you buy your ticket in Paris without easy access to a printer.

Don’t Bring Valuable Objects with You

Before entering the Eiffel Tower, your bags will be examined by a security officer. If an item you are carrying sets off the metal detector, the officer will take you away from the line for further inspection. We’ve stood in line for hours behind people who missed their chance to go up the Eiffel Tower.

Have Drinks and Snacks at the Eiffel Tower

If you’re like us,after an exciting trip to the Eiffel Tower,you’ll be ready to rest your legs and have a relaxing snack and a drink in a Parisian cafe. Across the Seine in the Trocadero area, there are many elegant cafes. The atmosphere is great,but the prices are in the stratosphere. Actually, the perfect place for common visitors to eat and drink is on the Eiffel Tower itself.

1.Why does the author suggest visiting the Tower at night?

A. Because you can stand on the top of the Tower.

B. Because you can avoid the crowds and enjoy it peacefully.

C. Because you can have a special sight of the city of Pairs.

D. Because you can see the Seine as clear as possible.

2.What does the underlined word “Bypass” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Stand. B. Avoid.

C. Control. D. Remember.

3.Why did some people fail to go up the Eiffel Tower?

A. Because they didn’t seize the chance.

B. Because they lost valuable objects.

C. Because they set off the metal detector.

D. Because they had a quarrel with the officer.

4.What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

A. The author recommends tourists have snacks at the Eiffel Tower.

B. The Eiffel Tower provides expensive foods and drinks.

C. The author prefers to eat across the Seine.

D. You spend more if you have snacks at the Tower.

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