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假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

The other day, some of my classmates and I took a bicycle trip along the “Ren Min Road”, where was specially built for people to relax ourselves. The scenery along the road was fascinating, with trees, flowers, hills and lakes on both side. We stopped by a lake for a rest, where a good many of people were playing happily. But something unpleasant catch our attention. There was rubbish here or there, and there were many plastic bags and bottles floated on the surface of the lake. Such beautiful place was so serious polluted. What a shame! In the end, we couldn’t help collecting the rubbish after we left.

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假如你是李华，你的美国笔友David来信说，当他了解到人工智能（AI）Master战胜了60 位顶尖职业围棋（Go）高手后，迷上了下围棋，希望你给他一些关于提高棋艺的建议。

要点如下：

1.最好到中国参加培训班； 2．熟能生巧，尽量多在网上对弈； 3．多观看www. weiqitv.com上的国际大赛直播。

注意：1.词数100左右2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear David,

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

Patients in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease often struggle to remember recently learned information, meaning they forget things like important appointments or where they left their keys. But it seems that these memories are not lost. They are still filed away in the brain somewhere; they just can’t be easily accessed.

Now, researchers at MIT have developed a means of getting back memories in mice suffering from Alzheimer’s. The method relies on a technique that uses light to control genetically modified neurons (转基因神经元). Currently it is too early to be used in human trials as it involves inserting light emitting (发光) equipment into the subjects’ brains, but the same principles still apply, the researchers said.

“The important point is that this is evidence of concept. That is, even if a memory seems to be gone, it is still there. It’s a matter of how to get it back,” said senior researcher Susumu Tonegawa.

The team took two groups of mice, one genetically engineered to develop Alzheimer’s and one healthy. They then placed them into a room and gave them a mild electric shock. All of the mice showed fear when put back in an hour later. When placed in the room a third time several days later, the Alzheimer’s mice acted normally. They had forgotten the shock.

The researchers were then able to bring back the memory of the shock by activating (激活) the cells in which the memories were stored. Even when the mice were put into an unfamiliar room, they showed fear when the cells associated with the shock were activated.

“Short-term memory seems to be normal, on the order of hours. But for long-term memory, these early-Alzheimer’s mice seem to be damaged,” said lead researcher Dheeraj Roy. “Directly activating the cells that we believe are holding the memory helps them get it back. This suggests that it is indeed an access problem to the information, not that they’re unable to learn or store this memory.”

1.What can we learn about the researchers at MIT?

A. They are the pioneers of brain research.

B. They have used the method in human trials.

C. They can cure Alzheimer’s using the new method.

D. They can get back memories in mice with Alzheimer’s.

2.Why did the Alzheimer’s mice behave normally a third time?

A. They failed to remember the electric shock.

B. They were accustomed to the situation.

C. They managed to overcome the fear.

D. They activated the association.

3.For long-term memory, the early Alzheimer’s mice _______.

A. can activate their blood cells

B. can’t learn new tricks well

C. can easily get back their memory

D. can’t access the information stored

4.The main purpose of the text is to _______.

A. introduce a method of a research

B. report the latest discovery about a disease

C. give advice on how to improve memory

D. explain how our brain stores information

Despite being used by 1.24 billion people each year, traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely.

One citizen, however, is trying to change this, “You get on the Tube and it’s completely silent and it’s weird,” says Jonathan Dunne, who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges (徽章) with the words “Tube chat?” last month, encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another, “I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million, expecting most of them to be thrown away, but after about 24 hours it completely snowballed,” he says, Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign have since been reported by media across the world, seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the UK, as well as countless website, newspaper and magazine appearances.

Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive feedback, not everyone agrees with his idea. Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of his own, handing out 500 badges with the words “Don’t even think about it” on them, Michael Robinson, 24, a student from London, agrees, “Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work. It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you,” he says.

“People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, which I don’t, but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to,” Dunne says.

So if you ever end up using public transport in the West, why not say hello to the person next to you? Just make sure to check for a badge first.

1.How did Dunne encourage London passengers to talk with each other?

A. By putting up posters on the tube.

B. By advocating his idea on the media.

C. By offering passengers special badges.

D. By starting a dialogue with passengers.

2.How is Dunne’s campaign getting along?

A. It has caught international attention.

B. It has become a worldwide campaign.

C. Most passengers have refused to accept it.

D. Wilson has made great efforts to promote it.

3.According to Michael Robinson, what should tube passengers do?

A. Hand in their feedback in time.

B. Walk up and talk to strangers.

C. Stop using public transport.

D. Enjoy the peace quietly.

4.What can be the best title for the text?

A. Tube Chat or Not

B. Lonely Travel in London Tube

C. Silence on the Tube

D. Tube Passengers Wearing Badges

On Nov.18th, 1908, three men went up in a balloon. They started early in London. The headman was Augusta Gaudron, and the other two men were Tannar and Maitland. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.

Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope, and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So they were able to change its weight. It was for use over the sea. They were also carrying some bags of sand.

After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 meters, and the air was very cold. The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men’s basket, and they could see more snow on the ground. The men tried to throw out some more sand, but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.

At last they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so they climbed to get away from the snow. They rose to 5,100 meters! Everything became icy. They were so cold that they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 km from London!

1.Three men flew in a balloon ________.

A. to visit Poland B. to another city

C. for nearly 1,800 kilometers D. nearly a century ago

2.The metal box was used for ________.

A. carrying the bags of sand B. changing the weight

C. holding ropes of the balloon D. keeping drinking-water

3.When the balloon went up higher, ________.

A. the temperature of the balloon began to fall

B. they saw the sun go down and the snow falling

C. they made a hole in the basket with their knives

D. nothing could be seen but snow on the ground

4.At last the balloon landed ________.

A. early in London B. on the sea heavily

C. on a lake with safety D. in a foreign country

5.Which of the following is TRUE?

A. The three men started their long journey before the sun rose.

B. The balloon began falling down when they threw bags of sand.

C. The three men had to land because they felt cold and hungry.

D. They put the rope into the basket and the balloon went higher.

The Leaning Tower of Pisa was not leaning when it was built in 1173 and it was straight like a pole. It started to shift direction soon after construction because of poor foundation in addition to the loose layer of subsoil(底土). At the beginning, it leaned to the southeast before the shaky foundation started to shift leaning towards the southwest. After the period of structural strengthening in the beginning of 21st century, now the Leaning Tower of Pisa leans at an angle of 3.97 degrees.

In 1178, the shift in direction was observed for the first time when the construction had progressed further to the third floor. The tower was very heavy for the three-meter foundation that was built on a weak area of land.

For compensating(补偿) the leaning position, the builders started to construct the upper floors with one side higher than the other one. This caused the tower to lean in the other direction. This unusual structure led to the tower being actually curved. In spite of these efforts, the tower kept on leaning.

The government of Italy started to plan a prevention of the complete collapse of the tower in 1964. However, a request was put forward by the authorities to keep the leaning position because of the tourism industry of the region.

After nearly two decades of careful planning by engineers, historians and mathematicians, the stabilization efforts for the Leaning Tower of Pisa started in 1990. The tower was closed for the general public and the people living nearby moved away. For reducing the total weight of the tower, its seven bells which represented the seven musical notes were removed. The tower was reopened for the general public on December 15, 2001.

In May 2008, after removing another 70 metric tons of earth, the engineers announced that the tower had been finally stabilized and it would remain stable for at least 200 years.

1.Why did the Leaning Tower of Pisa began to lean?

A. It was too high like a pole.

B. Its foundation was far from strong.

C. The work of repair was delayed.

D. Its foundation shook badly.

2.When did people notice the Leaning Tower of Pisa shift its direction?

A. As soon as it was constructed.

B. At the end of the construction.

C. Soon after the construction.

D. In the course of the construction.

3.Why did the authorities prefer to keep the leaning position of the Leaning Tower of Pisa?

A. They wanted to attract more tourists.

B. They lacked funds then.

C. It was a mission impossible to make the Tower up-straight.

D. They were short of engineers, historians and mathematicians.

4.Which of the following is the right order according to this passage?

a. People noticed the tower began to shift its direction.

b. The repair work was carried out last time.

c. The Leaning Tower of Pisa was repaired for the first time.

d. The Leaning Tower of Pisa was built.

e. The tower was opened to the visitors again.

f. The government started to make a plan for the tower.

A. c, d, a, f, b, e

B. f, e, a, d, c, b

C. d, e, b, f, c, a

D. d, a, f, c, e, b

Imagine that you’re an actor or actress performing in a play for the first time. You’ve learned all your lines and you know where to walk on stage. Waiting behind the closed curtain, you can hear the audience whispering. Then your big moment arrives! The curtain goes up, and the crowd falls silent. All you can see is the spotlight shining down on you. 1.The inside of your mouth is dry, and your hands are wet.

If you’ve experienced a moment like this, you know all too well what it means to have stage fright. It’s one of the most common types of fear. 2.You can experience this kind of fear when playing sports, giving a talk, or even speaking in class.

3.The experience differs from person to person, but the same chemical process occurs on each of us. In reaction to anxiety, our bodies produce a chemical that prepares us to either fight or run away quickly. Scientists refer to this as our bodies’ “fight for flight” reaction. As a result, we feel the great energy that makes our hands sweat, our hearts race and knees shake.

4.Practicing your performance and following some simple tips can help you calm down and manage the feelings caused by anxiety. Firstly, dress comfortably and appropriately. Secondly, before the performance, take deep breaths and stretch to help relax your body. Thirdly, stay away from drinks that contain caffeine(咖啡因). 5.Instead, try a banana! Some doctors believe that eating a banana can help calm your heart and the rest of your body. Finally, when you look into a crowd, try to focus on particular people rather than the whole group. These tips have helped many people learn to deal with their fears.

A. These might make your heart race even faster.

B. Maybe you don’t have to be onstage to get stage fright.

C. Stage fright is really part of the body’s reaction to stress.

D. With practice, we can learn how to relax while playing sports.

E. Then you try to speak your lines, but nothing seems to come out.

F. There’s a time when stage fright prevents you from stepping onstage.

G. However, the good news about stage fright is that there are a way to deal with it.

Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.

In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, king of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.

Though the belief in the merit(优点) of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II. Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?

Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease. On the contrary, Mary Ruebush, an American immunologist(免疫学家), encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. And the latter position is gaining some ground.

1.The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because .

A. they lived healthily in a dirty environment

B. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in

C. they considered bathing as cause of skin disease

D. They believed disease could be spread in public baths

2.Which of the following best describes Henry IV’s attitude to bathing?

A. Curious B. Afraid C. Approving D. Uninterested

3.How does the passage mainly develop?

A. By following the order of time. B. By making comparison.

C. By providing examples D. By following the order of importance.

4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passages?

A. To call attention to the danger of dirt.

B. To introduce the history of dirt.

C. To present the change of views on dirt.

D. To stress the role of dirt.

William Franklin came to my class half a year ago.But from his first day here,he_______himself in his own world and he never spoke to others.As his teacher,I tried to start a talk with him but_______.It seemed as if he just didn't want to break his_______. 

After the Thanksgiving holiday,we received the news of the_______Christmas collection of money for the_______ in our school."Christmas is a season of_______,"I told my students."Some poor students in our school might not have a_______holiday.By giving a little money,you will help_______some toys,food and clothing for these needy students.We will_______the collection tomorrow."  The next morning,________,I found out almost everyone had________this matter except Willard Franklin.He came up to my desk with his head down.________,he dropped two coins into the small box."I don't need milk for lunch,"he said in a________voice.  After school I couldn't help sharing what had________in the morning with our headmaster."I may be wrong,but I________Willard might be ready to become part of our class.""I am________to hear that," he nodded."And I just received a list of the poor families in our school who most need________.Here,take a look at it."  As I sat down to________,I found Willard Franklin was at the top of the list.At that moment,I felt I really________Willard for the first time:a cold face with a warm heart.From this________,I also learnt that whether rich or poor,every child has a kind heart.

1.A. tied B. shut C. seated D. taught

2.A. failed B. stopped C. misunderstood D. left

3.A. imagination B. pleasure C. sadness D. silence

4.A. weekly B. daily C. monthly D. yearly

5.A. young B. sick C. poor D. honest

6.A. giving B. enjoying C. receiving D. saving

7.A. true B. happy C. usual D. long

8.A. find B. make C. buy D. collect

9.A. prepare B. finish C. start D. continue

10.A. so B. however C. then D. moreover

11.A. forgotten B. discussed C. learnt D. remembered

12.A. Quickly B. Suddenly C. Certainly D. Carefully

13.A. soft B. loud C. low D. deep

14.A. appeared B. arrived C. happened D. remained

15.A. hope B. wish C. wonder D. believe

16.A. glad B. sorry C. shocked D. lucky

17.A. message B. report C. research D. list

18.A. rest B. read C. work D. study

19.A. knew B. liked C. met D. accepted

20.A. result B. experience C. talk D. success

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